List of software palettes

Used by this platform as a roughly backward compatible palette for the CGA, EGA and VGA text modes, but with colors arranged in a different order. Also is the default palette for 16 color icons.

The corresponding indices into this palette are:

0 — black	8 — gray
1 — maroon	9 — red
2 — green	10 — lime
3 — olive	11 — yellow
4 — navy	12 — blue
5 — purple	13 — fuchsia
6 — teal	14 — aqua
7 — silver	15 — white

In 256-color mode, there are four additional standard Windows colors, twenty system reserved colors in total;[1][2] thus the system leaves 236 palette indexes free for applications to use. The system color entries inside a 256-color palette table are the first ten plus the last ten. In any case, the additional system colors do not seem to add a sharp color richness: they are only some intermediate shades of grayish colors.

The complete 20-color Windows' system palette is:

0 — black	246 — cream
1 — dark red	247 — medium grey
2 — dark green	248 — dark grey
3 — dark yellow	249 — red
4 — dark blue	250 — green
5 — dark magenta	251 — yellow
6 — dark cyan	252 — blue
7 — light grey	253 — magenta
8 — money green	254 — cyan
9 — sky blue	255 — white

When Apple Computer introduced the Macintosh II in 1987, this 16-color palette was included in System 4.1.

0 — white	8 — green
1 — yellow	9 — dark green
2 — orange	10 — brown
3 — red	11 — tan
4 — magenta	12 — light grey
5 — purple	13 — medium grey
6 — blue	14 — dark grey
7 — cyan	15 — black

Acorn RISC OS 2.x and 3.x provided this 16-color palette:[3]

0 — white	8 — dark blue
1 — grey #1	9 — yellow
2 — grey #2	10 — green
3 — grey #3	11 — red
4 — grey #4	12 — beige
5 — grey #5	13 — dark green
6 — grey #6	14 — orange
7 — black	15 — light blue

Red	#000000	#330000	#660000	#990000	#CC0000	#FF0000
Green	#000000	#003300	#006600	#009900	#00CC00	#00FF00
Blue	#000000	#000033	#000066	#000099	#0000CC	#0000FF

Having six levels for every primary, with 6³ = 216 combinations. The index can be addressed by (36×R)+(6×G)+B, with all R, G and B values in a range from 0 to 5. Intended as homogeneous RGB cube, it gives six true grays. Also, there is room for another sorts of 40 colors, so operating systems or programs can add extra colors.

Systems that use this software palette are:

• Web palette
• Apple Macintosh 256 color default palette. It also contains four gradients of ten shades each for gray, red, green and blue.

Red	#000000	#330000	#660000	#990000	#CC0000	#FF0000
Green	#000000	#002A00	#005500	#008000	#00AA00	#00D400	#00FF00
Blue	#000000	#000033	#000066	#000099	#0000CC	#0000FF

This palette is constructed with six levels for red and blue primaries and seven levels for the green primary, giving 6×7×6 = 252 combinations. The index can be addressed by (42×R)+(6×G)+B, with R and B values in a range from 0 to 5 and G in a range from 0 to 6. The same case as the former, but with an added level of green due to the greater sensibility of the normal human eye to this frequency.

It does not provide true grays, but remaining indexes can be filled with four intermediate grays. In any case, there is little room for any other color.

Red	#000000	#330000	#660000		#990000	#CC0000	#FF0000
Green	#000000	#002400	#004900	#006D00	#009200	#00B600	#00DB00	#00FF00
Blue	#000000	#000040	#000080		#0000BF		#0000FF

This palette is constructed with six levels for red, eight levels for green and five levels for the blue primaries, giving 6×8×5 = 240 combinations. The index can be addressed by (40×R)+(5×G)+B, with R ranging from 0 to 5, G from 0 to 7 and B from 0 to 4. Levels are chosen in function of sensibility of the normal human eye to every primary color.

Also, it does not provide true grays. Remaining indexes can be filled with sixteen intermediate grays or other fixed colors. In fact, this is the best balanced RGB master software palette, in a compromise between the RGB arrangement based in the human eye's sensibility and a sufficient remaining palette entries for another purposes.

Red	#000000	#240000	#490000	#6D0000	#920000	#B60000	#DB0000	#FF0000
Green	#000000	#002400	#004900	#006D00	#009200	#00B600	#00DB00	#00FF00
Blue	#000000		#000055		#0000AA		#0000FF

The 8-8-4 level RGB use eight levels for each of the red and green color components (3+3 high order bits), and four levels (2 low order bits) for the blue component, due to the lesser sensitivity of the normal human eye to this primary color. This results in an 8×8×4 = 256-color palette as follows:

This RGB software palette occupies the full 8-bit range of possible palette entries, so there is no room for other fixed colors. Software using this palette must draw their user interface elements with the same colors used to show pictures. Also again, it does not provide true grays.

All 256 colors in grayscale palette

Dark

Bright

Simple palette made doing every triplet RGB primaries having equal values as a continuous gradient from black to white through the full available palette entries. Here is the 8-bit, 256 levels palette:

Used to display pure grayscale TIFF or JPEG images, for example.

Palettes made of a continuous color gradient from darkest to lightest arbitrary hues. The pixel data is treated as if it were grayscale, but the color table plays with RGB color combinations, not only gray. The relationship between the original luminance and the mapped one can vary, but the lighting scale is preserved along all the palette entries.

One very common case of such palettes is the sepia tone palette, which gives an image an old fashioned and aged look (left). Another gradient example, based on blue hues, is presented here (right), but any hue or mixing of hues can be used. Many cell phones with built-in cameras have options to take colorized photos using this technique.

All 256 colors in color gradient palettes (example)

Yellow	Dark		Bright
Red	Dark		Bright
Blue	Dark		Bright
Green	Dark		Bright
Fuchsia	Dark		Bright

Those whose whole number of available indexes are filled with RGB combinations selected from the statistical order of appearance (usually balanced) of a concrete full true color original image. There exist many algorithms to pick the colors through color quantization; one well known is the Heckbert's median-cut algorithm. Here is the 8-bit, 256 color palette used with the color test chart and the image sample above:

Adaptive palettes only work well with a unique image. Trying to display different images with adaptive palettes over an 8-bit display usually results in only one image with correct colors, because the images have different palettes and only one can be displayed at a time. Here is an example of what happens when an indexed color image is displayed with any color palette that is not its own adaptive palette:

False color palette map

Dark

Bright

False color palette comparison

Dark
#000000	magenta
#333333	blue
#666666	cyan
#999999	green
#CCCCCC	yellow
#FFFFFF	red
Bright

Arbitrary gradient color scales, usually 256 shades, with no relationship with real colors of a given image. They are employed to artificially colorize a grayscale image to reveal details and/or to map the pixel level values to amounts of some physical magnitude (potential, temperature, altitude, etc.)

Note, in the example above, that new details can be seen as blue over magenta in the background's dark areas of the original photograph.

Here is the 8-bit, 256 color gradient palette used with the color test chart and the image sample above:

There exist many false color palettes, some of them standardized, used mainly in scientific applications: astronomy and radioastronomy, satellite land imaging, thermography, study of materials, tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in medicine, etc.