List of state leaders in 1891
This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1891.
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Africa
- Ashanti Confederacy – Kwaku Dua III Asamu, Asantehene (1888–1896)
- Kingdom of Benin - Ovonramwen (1888-1897)
- Kingdom of Burundi – Mwezi IV Gisabo (1852–1908)
- Kingdom of Dahomey – Béhanzin (1889–1894)
- Ethiopia – Menelik II (1889–1913)
- Futa Jallon - Almany Almadou (1873-1896)
- Kingdom of Kaffa - Gaki Sherocho (1890-1897)
- Liberia – Hilary R. W. Johnson, President of Liberia (1884–1892)
- Mahdist State of Sudan – Abdallahi ibn Muhammad (1885–1898)
- Merina Kingdom - Ranavalona III (1883-1897)
- Nembe Kingdom - Frederick William Koko Mingi VIII of Nembe (1889-1895)
- Kingdom of Wala -
- Wassoulou Empire – Samori Ture, Emperor (1878–1898)
- Sultanate of Zanzibar – Ali bin Said (1890–1893)
- Oranje Vrystaat – President Francis William Reitz (1889–1896)
- Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek – President Paul Kruger (1883–1902)
Asia
- Aceh Sultanate - Alauddin Muhammad Da'ud Syah II (1875-1903)
- Emirate of Afghanistan – Abdur Rahman Khan (1880–1901)
- China (Qing dynasty) - Guangxu Emperor (1875–1908)
- Empire of Japan
- Monarch – Emperor Meiji (1867–1912)
- Prime Minister -
- Yamagata Aritomo (1889–1891)
- Matsukata Masayoshi (1891–1892)
- Joseon (Korea) – Gojong (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
- Sultanate of Oman – Faisal bin Turki (1888–1913)
- Persia (Qajar dynasty) – Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (1848–1896)
- Rajpipla State - Gambhirsinhji II (1860-1897)
- Siam – Chulalongkorn (1868–1910)
Europe
- Andorra
- Co-Princes -
- French Co-Prince - Marie François Sadi Carnot, President of France (1887–1894)
- Episcopal Co-Prince - Salvador Casañas y Pagés, Bishop of Urgell (1879–1901)
- First Syndic - Antoni Moles (1888–1897)
- Co-Princes -
- Austria-Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
- Minister-President of Austria - Count Eduard von Taaffe (1879–1893)
- Minister-President of Hungary - Count Gyula Szapáry (1890–1892)
- Belgium
- Monarch – Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
- Cabinet Chief - Auguste Beernaert (1884–1894)
- Principality of Bulgaria
- Monarch – Ferdinand I (1886–1918)
- Prime Minister – Stefan Stambolov (1887–1894)
- Kingdom of Denmark
- Monarch – Christian IX (1863–1906)
- Prime Minister - Jacob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup (1875–1894)
- French Third Republic –
- President - Marie François Sadi Carnot (1887–1894)
- President of the Council - Charles de Freycinet (1890–1892)
- German Empire –
- Monarch – Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1888–1918)
- Chancellor - Leo von Caprivi (1890–1894)
- see also List of German rulers in 1891
- Kingdom of Greece
- Monarch – George I (1863–1913)
- Prime Minister – Theodoros Deligiannis (1890–1892)
- Kingdom of Italy
- Monarch – Umberto I (1878–1900)
- Prime Minister -
- Francesco Crispi (1887–1891)
- Marchese di Rudinì (1891–1892)
- Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
- Monarch – Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1890–1905)
- Prime Minister - Paul Eyschen (1888–1915)
- Netherlands
- Monarch – Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
- Regent – Emma, Regent (1890–1898)
- Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers -
- Aeneas Mackay (1888–1891)
- Gijsbert van Tienhoven (1891–1894)
- Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Abdul Hamid II, Sultan (1876–1909)
- Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
- Monarch – Carlos I (1889–1908)
- President of the Council of Ministers - João Crisóstomo (1890–1892)
- Kingdom of Romania
- Monarch – Carol I (1881–1914)
- Prime Minister -
- Gheorghe Manu (1889–1891)
- Ion Emanuel Florescu (1891)
- Lascăr Catargiu (1891–1895)
- Russian Empire – Alexander III (1881–1894)
- Kingdom of Spain –
- Monarch – Alfonso XIII (1886–1931), under the regency of his mother Queen Maria Christina (1885–1902)
- Prime Minister - Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (1874–1875, 1875–1879, 1879–1881, 1884–1885, 1890–1892, 1895–1897)
- Kingdom of Sweden – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway -
- Monarch – Oscar II (1872–1907)
- Prime Minister -
- Gustaf Åkerhielm (1889–1891)
- Erik Gustaf Boström (1891–1900)
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland –
- Monarch – Victoria (1837–1901)
- Prime Minister - Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1885–1886, 1886–1892, 1895–1902)
North America and the Caribbean
- Canada -
- John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada (1878–1891)
- John Abbott, Prime Minister of Canada (1891–1892)
- Costa Rica – José Joaquín Rodríguez Zeledón, President of Costa Rica (1890–1894)
- Mexico - Porfirio Díaz, President of México (1884–1911)
- Nicaragua -
- Roberto Sacasa (1889-1891)
- Ignacio Chávez (1891)
- Roberto Sacasa (1891-1893)
- United States - Benjamin Harrison, President of the United States (1889–1893)
Oceania
- Kingdom of Hawaii –
- Kalākaua (1874–1891)
- Liliuokalani (1891–1893)
- Niue – Fata-a-iki, King of Niue (1887–1896)
- Samoa – Malietoa Laupepa, Malietoa (1880–1898)
- Tonga –
- Monarch – George Tupou I, King of Tonga (1845–1893)
- Prime Minister - Siaosi Tuku'aho (1890–1893)
South America
- Argentina – Carlos Pellegrini, President of Argentina (1890–1892)
- Bolivia – Aniceto Arce, President of Bolivia (1888–1892)
- Brazil –
- Deodoro da Fonseca, President of Brazil (1889–1891)
- Floriano Peixoto, acting President of Brazil (1891–1894)
- Chile –
- José Manuel Balmaceda, President of Chile (1886–1891)
- Manuel Baquedano, Chief of Government of Chile (1891)
- Jorge Montt, President of the Government Junta of Chile (1891)
- Jorge Montt, President of Chile (1891–1896)
- Colombia – Rafael Núñez, President of Colombia (1887–1894)
- Carlos Holguín Mallarino, acting President of Colombia (1888–1892)
- Ecuador – Antonio Flores Jijón, President of Ecuador (1888–1892)
- Paraguay – Juan Gualberto González, President of Paraguay (1890–1894)
- Peru – Remigio Morales Bermúdez, President of Peru (1890–1894)
- Uruguay – Julio Herrera y Obes, President of Uruguay (1890–1894)
- Venezuela Raimundo Andueza Palacio, President of Venezuela (1890–1892)
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