List of wheat diseases
This article is a list of diseases of wheat (Triticum spp.) grouped by causative agent.
Bacterial diseases
| Bacterial diseases | |
|---|---|
| Bacterial leaf blight |
|
| Bacterial mosaic |
|
| Bacterial sheath rot | |
| Basal glume rot |
|
| Black chaff = bacterial leaf streak |
|
| Pink seed |
|
| Spike blight = gummosis |
|
Fungal diseases
| Fungal diseases | |
|---|---|
| Alternaria leaf blight[1] | |
| Anthracnose |
|
| Ascochyta leaf spot | |
| Aureobasidium decay | |
| Black head molds = sooty molds |
|
| Black point = kernel smudge | associated with fungal infection, primarily:[2]
|
| Cephalosporium stripe | |
| Common bunt = stinking smut | |
| Common root rot |
|
| Cottony snow mold | |
| Crown rot = foot rot, seedling blight, dryland root rot |
|
| Dilophospora leaf spot = twist | |
| Downy mildew = crazy top | |
| Dwarf bunt | |
| Ergot |
|
| Eyespot = foot rot, strawbreaker |
|
| False eyespot | |
| Flag smut | |
| Foot rot = dryland foot rot |
|
| Halo spot | |
| Karnal bunt = partial bunt | |
| Leaf rust = brown rust |
|
| Leptosphaeria leaf spot | |
| Loose smut | |
| Microscopica leaf spot | |
| Phoma spot | |
| Pink snow mold = Fusarium patch |
|
| Platyspora leaf spot | |
| Powdery mildew | |
| Pythium root rot | |
| Rhizoctonia root rot |
|
| Ring spot = Wirrega blotch | |
| Scab = head blight = Fusarium head blight (FHB)[3] |
|
| Sclerotinia snow mold = snow scald | |
| Sclerotium wilt (see Southern blight) |
|
| Septoria blotch[4] |
|
| Sharp eyespot |
|
| Snow rot | |
| Southern blight = Sclerotium base rot |
|
| Speckled snow mold = gray snow mold or Typhula blight | |
| Spot blotch |
|
| Stagonospora blotch[4] | |
| Stem rust = black rust | |
| Storage molds |
|
| Stripe rust = yellow rust |
|
| Take-all | |
| Tan spot = yellow leaf spot, red smudge | |
| Tar spot |
|
| Wheat Blast | |
| Zoosporic root rot | |
Viral diseases
| Viral diseases | |
|---|---|
| African cereal streak | see Maize streak |
| Agropyron mosaic | genus Rymovirus, Agropyron mosaic virus (AgMV) |
| Australian wheat striate mosaic | see Chloris striate mosaic |
| Barley stripe mosaic | genus Hordeivirus, Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) |
| Barley yellow dwarf | genus Luteovirus, Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) |
| Barley yellow streak mosaic | Barley yellow streak mosaic virus |
| Barley yellow striate mosaic | genus Cytorhabdovirus, Barley yellow striate mosaic virus (BYSMV) |
| Barley yellow stripe | see Barley stripe mosaic |
| Brome mosaic | genus Bromovirus, Brome mosaic virus (BMV) |
| Cereal northern mosaic | genus Cytorhabdovirus, Cereal northern mosaic virus (NCMV) |
| Cereal tillering | Cereal tillering virus |
| Chloris striate mosaic | genus Monogeminivirus, Chloris striate mosaic virus (CSMV) |
| Cocksfoot mottle | genus Sobemovirus, Cocksfoot mottle virus (CoMV) |
| Eastern wheat striate | Eastern wheat striate virus |
| Enanismo | Probable virus or phytoplasma |
| High plains disease | Probable virus. Vectored by wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella |
| Maize streak | genus Monogeminivirus, Maize streak virus (MSV) |
| Northern cereal mosaic | genus Cytorhabdovirus, Cereal northern mosaic virus (NCMV) |
| Oat sterile dwarf | genus Fijivirus, Oat sterile dwarf virus (OSDV) |
| Rice black-streaked dwarf | genus Fijivirus, Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) |
| Rice hoja blanca | genus Tenuivirus, Rice hoja blanca virus (RHBV) |
| Russian winter wheat mosaic | genus Cytorhabdovirus, Russian winter wheat mosaic virus (WWRMV) |
| Seedborne wheat yellows | Seedborne wheat yellows viroid |
| Tobacco mosaic | genus Tobamovirus, Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) |
| Wheat American striate mosaic | genus Nucleorhabdovirus, Wheat American striate mosaic virus (WASMV) |
| Wheat chlorotic streak = Wheat chlorotic streak mosaic | see Barley yellow striate mosaic |
| Wheat dwarf | genus Monogeminivirus, Wheat dwarf virus (WDV) |
| Wheat European striate mosaic | genus Tenuivirus, Wheat European striate mosaic virus (EWSMV) |
| genus Emaravirus, Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV) | |
| Wheat rosette stunt | see Cereal northern mosaic |
| Wheat soilborne mosaic | genus Furovirus, Wheat soil-borne mosaic virus (SBWMV) |
| Wheat soilborne yellow mosaic | Wheat soil-borne yellow mosaic virus |
| Wheat spindle streak mosaic | a strain of Wheat yellow mosaic virus |
| Wheat spot mosaic | Probable virus or phytoplasma |
| Wheat streak mosaic | genus Tritimovirus, Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) |
| Wheat striate mosaic | see Wheat American striate mosaic |
| Wheat yellow leaf | genus Closterovirus, Wheat yellow leaf virus (WYLV) |
| Wheat yellow mosaic | Wheat yellow mosaic virus = Wheat spindle streak mosaic virus |
Phytoplasmal diseases
| Phytoplasmal diseases | |
|---|---|
| Aster yellows | Aster yellows phytoplasma |
Nematodes, parasitic
| Nematodes, parasitic | |
|---|---|
| Cereal cyst nematode[5] | Heterodera avenae |
| Grass cyst nematode | Punctodera punctata |
| Root gall nematode | Subanguina spp. |
| Root-knot nematode[5] | Meloidogyne spp.
|
| Seed gall = ear-cockle nematode = wheat gall nematode[5] | Anguina tritici |
References
- Chalkley, D. (2010). "Invasive Fungi: Alternaria leaf blight of wheat - Alternaria triticina". Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 29 October 2014. Cite journal requires
|journal=(help) - Watkins, John E. "Black Point Disease of Wheat" (PDF). Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 October 2014.
- Zhang, Julia X.; Jin, Yue; Rudd, Jackie C. & Bockelman, Harold E. (2008). "New Fusarium Head Blight Resistant Spring Wheat Germplasm Identified in the USDA National Small Grains Collection" (PDF). Crop Science. 48: 223–235. doi:10.2135/cropsci2007.02.0116. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 August 2014.
- "Septoria Leaf Blotch, Stagonospora Glume Blotch" (PDF). Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas A&M University. 4 November 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 August 2014.
- Wong, J.; et al. "Wheat Diseases and Pests: a guide for field identification". United States Department of Agriculture.
Further reading
- Bockus, William W.; et al. (2010). Compendium of wheat diseases and pests (third ed.). St. Paul, Minnesota: APS Press. ISBN 978-0-89054-385-6.
- Wiese, Maurice Victor (1987). Compendium of Wheat Diseases (second ed.). St. Paul, Minnesota: APS Press. ISBN 978-0-89054-076-3., earlier but more detail
- Gair, R; Jenkins, J. E. E.; Lester, E. & Bassett, Peter (1987). Cereal Pests and Diseases (fourth ed.). Ipswich, England: Farming Press. ISBN 978-0-85236-164-1.
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