Louis Harold Gray
Louis Harold Gray (10 November 1905 – 9 July 1965) was an English physicist who worked mainly on the effects of radiation on biological systems. He was one of the earliest contributors of the field of radiobiology. A summary of his work is given below. Amongst many other achievements, he defined a unit of radiation dosage which was later named after him as an SI unit, the gray.[4][5]
LH Gray (left) and J Boag supervising construction of the Gray Laboratory at Mount Vernon Hospital in north London.
Louis Harold Gray | |
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| Born | 10 November 1905 |
| Died | 9 July 1965 (aged 59) |
| Known for | Bragg–Gray cavity theory Gray (unit) |
| Awards | Fellow of the Royal Society[2] |
| Scientific career | |
| Author abbrev. (botany) | |
Career
- 1933 - Hospital physicist at Mount Vernon Hospital, London
- 1936 - Developed the Bragg–Gray equation, the basis for the cavity ionization method of measuring gamma-ray energy absorption by materials
- 1937 - Built an early neutron generator at Mount Vernon Hospital
- 1938 - Studied biological effects of neutrons using the generator
- 1940 - Developed concept of RBE (Relative Biological Effectiveness) of doses of neutrons
- 1952 - Initiated research into cells in hypoxic tumors and hyperbaric oxygen
- 1953 - Established the Gray Laboratory at Mount Vernon Hospital
- 1953 - 1960 - Under Gray's direction, Jack W. Boag developed pulse radiolysis
- 1962 - Ed Hart, of Argonne National Laboratory, and Jack Boag discovered the hydrated electron using pulse radiolysis at the Gray Laboratory - This discovery initiated a new direction of research that is still very active today and is vital for understanding the effects of radiation on biological tissue, for instance in cancer treatment.
References
- "LH Gray Memorial Trust: About L.H. Gray".
- Loutit, J. F.; Scott, O. C. A. (1966). "Louis Harold Gray 1905-1965". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 12 (2): 195–217. Bibcode:1966PMB....11..329.. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1966.0009.
- IPNI. L.H.Gray.
- Louis Harold Gray F.R.S. - a chronology, CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, 29 June 2000, archived from the original on 7 April 2014, retrieved 2014-04-04
- Slipman, Curtis W.; Chou, Larry H.; Derby, Richard; Simeone, Frederick A.; Mayer, Tom G. (2008), Interventional spine: an algorithmic approach, Elsevier Health Sciences, p. 230–231, ISBN 978-0-7216-2872-1
External links
- Definition of RBE
- The LH Gray Memorial Trust founded in 1967
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology
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