Matplotlib

Matplotlib is a plotting library for the Python programming language and its numerical mathematics extension NumPy. It provides an object-oriented API for embedding plots into applications using general-purpose GUI toolkits like Tkinter, wxPython, Qt, or GTK+. There is also a procedural "pylab" interface based on a state machine (like OpenGL), designed to closely resemble that of MATLAB, though its use is discouraged.[3] SciPy makes use of Matplotlib.

Matplotlib
Screenshot of Matplotlib plots and code
Original author(s)John D. Hunter
Developer(s)Michael Droettboom, et al.
Initial release2003 (2003)[1]
Stable release
3.3.3[2] / 12 November 2020 (12 November 2020)
Repository
Written inPython
Engine
  • Cairo
  • Anti-Grain Geometry
Operating systemCross-platform
TypePlotting
LicenseMatplotlib license
Websitematplotlib.org

Matplotlib was originally written by John D. Hunter. Since then it has an active development community[4] and is distributed under a BSD-style license. Michael Droettboom was nominated as matplotlib's lead developer shortly before John Hunter's death in August 2012[5] and was further joined by Thomas Caswell.[6][7]

Matplotlib 2.0.x supports Python versions 2.7 through 3.6. Python 3 support started with Matplotlib 1.2. Matplotlib 1.4 is the last version to support Python 2.6.[8] Matplotlib has pledged not to support Python 2 past 2020 by signing the Python 3 Statement.[9]

Comparison with MATLAB

Pyplot is a Matplotlib module which provides a MATLAB-like interface.[10] Matplotlib is designed to be as usable as MATLAB, with the ability to use Python, and the advantage of being free and open-source.

Examples
  • Line plot
  • Histogram
  • Scatter plot
  • 3D plot
  • Image plot
  • Contour plot
  • Scatter plot
  • Polar plot
  • Line plot
  • 3-D plot
  • Image plot

Toolkits

Several toolkits are available which extend Matplotlib functionality. Some are separate downloads, others ship with the Matplotlib source code but have external dependencies.[11]

  • Basemap: map plotting with various map projections, coastlines, and political boundaries[12]
  • Cartopy: a mapping library featuring object-oriented map projection definitions, and arbitrary point, line, polygon and image transformation capabilities.[13] (Matplotlib v1.2 and above)
  • Excel tools: utilities for exchanging data with Microsoft Excel
  • GTK tools: interface to the GTK+ library
  • Qt interface
  • Mplot3d: 3-D plots
  • Natgrid: interface to the natgrid library for gridding irregularly spaced data.
  • matplotlib2tikz: export to Pgfplots for smooth integration into LaTeX documents[14]
  • Seaborn: provides an API on top of Matplotlib that offers sane choices for plot style and color defaults, defines simple high-level functions for common statistical plot types, and integrates with the functionality provided by Pandas

References
  1. "Copyright Policy".
  2. "Release 3.3.3". 12 November 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
  3. "Matplotlib coding styles". matplotlib.org.
  4. "Matplotlib github stats". matplotlib.org.
  5. "Announcing Michael Droettboom as the lead Matplotlib developer". matplotlib.org.
  6. "Matplotlib Lead Developer Explains Why He Can't Fix the Docs—But You Can – NumFOCUS". NumFOCUS. 2017-10-05. Retrieved 2018-04-11.
  7. "Credits – Matplotlib 2.2.2 documentation". matplotlib.org. Retrieved 2018-04-11.
  8. "Installing – Matplotlib 2.0.2 documentation". Retrieved 2017-06-23.
  9. "Add Matplotlib to list by takluyver · Pull Request #20 · python3statement/python3statement.github.io". GitHub. Retrieved 2018-04-11.
  10. "Matplotlib: Python plotting — Matplotlib 3.2.0 documentation". matplotlib.org. Retrieved 2020-03-14.
  11. "Toolkits". matplotlib.org.
  12. Whitaker, Jeffrey. "The Matplotlib Basemap Toolkit User's Guide (v. 1.0.5)". Matplotlib Basemap Toolkit documentation. Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  13. Elson, Philip. "Cartopy". Retrieved 24 April 2013.
  14. Schlömer, Nico. "matplotlib2tikz". Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  15. "Bigglessimple, elegant python plotting". biggles.sourceforge.net. Retrieved 24 November 2010.
  16. "Chaco". code.enthought.com.
  17. "Gnuplot.py on". gnuplot-py.sourceforge.net. Retrieved 24 November 2010.
  18. "PyCha". bitbucket.org.
  19. "PyPlotter - graph plotting". www.eckhartarnold.de. Retrieved 2020-03-14.
  20. "Bokeh 2.0.0 Documentation". docs.bokeh.org. Retrieved 2020-03-14.
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