Melanopsis

Melanopsis is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.[3]

Melanopsis
Temporal range: Cretaceous–recent
A live Melanopsis praemorsa
Five views of a shell of Melanopsis buccinoidea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
(unranked):
Superfamily:
Family:
Genus:
Melanopsis

Diversity[2]
32 extant species in the IUCN Red List
Synonyms[3]
  • Boistelia Cossmann, 1909
  • Lyrcaea Adams & Adams, 1854 † (junior synonym; misspelling (pro Lyrcea))
  • Lyrcea H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
  • Macrospira F. Sandberger, 1872 (invalid: junior homonym of Macrospira Swainson, 1840; Melanoptychia is a replacement name)
  • Melanopsis (Canthidomus) Swainson, 1840
  • Melanopsis (Homalia) Handmann, 1887 (junior homonym of Homalia Eschscholtz, 1831; junior synonym)
  • Melanopsis (Lyrcaea) Adams & Adams, 1854 (junior synonym; misspelling (pro Lyrcea))
  • Melanopsis (Lyrcea) Adams & Adams, 1854
  • Melanopsis (Martinia) Handmann, 1887 (junior homonym of Martinia M'Coy, 1844; junior synonym)
  • Melanopsis (Melanopsis) Férussac, 1807
  • Melanopsis (Melanoptychia) Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanoptychia Neumayr, 1880

The genus first appeared in the Cretaceous.[4]

Melanopsis is the type genus of the family Melanopsidae.[5]

Distribution

These snails are found in southern Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor, New Caledonia and New Zealand.[6]

Description

Their shells are ovate, with a short spire, and a large elongated body whorl. The outer lip of the aperture is thin, but the inner lip has a smooth parietal callus, thickened into a pad over the parietal wall.[6]

Species

Species within the genus Melanopsis include:

  • Melanopsis aaronsohni Blanckenhorn in Blanckenhorn & Oppenheim, 1927 †
  • Melanopsis abbreviata Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis abichi Calvert & Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis acanthica Neumayr, 1869
  • Melanopsis acanthicoides Hoernes, 1877
  • Melanopsis acuta Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis aetolica Neumayr, 1876
  • Melanopsis affinis Férussac, 1819
  • Melanopsis ahuiri Ahuir, 2014
  • Melanopsis ajkaensis Tausch, 1886
  • Melanopsis alutensis Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis ammonis Tristram, 1865
  • Melanopsis anceps Gaudry & Fischer in Gaudry, 1867
  • Melanopsis ancillaroidesDeshayes, 1825
  • Melanopsis andrussowi Brusina, 1885
  • Melanopsis angulata Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis anili Taner, 1997
  • Melanopsis anistratenkoi Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014
  • Melanopsis antediluviana(Poiret, 1801)
  • Melanopsis arbalensis Pérès, 1939[7]
  • Melanopsis arsinovi Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis astathmeta Brusina, 1897
  • Melanopsis astrapaea Brusina, 1876
  • Melanopsis atanasiui Schoverth, 1953
  • Melanopsis austriaca Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis avellana F. Sandberger, 1870
  • Melanopsis balatonensis (Cossmann, 1909)
  • Melanopsis banatica Jekelius, 1944
  • Melanopsis bandeli Schütt, 1988
  • Melanopsis barthai Bandel, 2000
  • Melanopsis bartolinii Capellini, 1873
  • Melanopsis bergeroni Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis bicoronata Brusina, 1884
  • Melanopsis bleunardi Porumbaru, 1881
  • Melanopsis bonelli Manzoni, 1870
  • Melanopsis bouei Férussac, 1823
  • Melanopsis brachyptycha Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis braueri Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • Melanopsis breastensis Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis brevicula Pallary, 1918[8]
  • Melanopsis brongniarti Locard, 1883
  • Melanopsis brusinai Lörenthey, 1902
  • Melanopsis buccinoidea (Olivier, 1801)[9]
  • Melanopsis buccinulum Melleville, 1843
  • Melanopsis bukovaci Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis camptogramma Brusina, 1876
  • Melanopsis capreniensis Fontannes, 1887
  • Melanopsis carasiensis Jekelius, 1944
  • Melanopsis cari Pavlović, 1927
  • Melanopsis cariosa (Linnaeus, 1767)[9]
  • Melanopsis carusi (Brusina, 1902)
  • Melanopsis caryota Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis cerithiopsis
  • Melanopsis chlorotica Pallary, 1921[10]
  • Melanopsis cikosi Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis citharella Merian, 1849
  • Melanopsis clava Sandberger, 1875
  • Melanopsis clavigera Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • Melanopsis coaequata
  • Melanopsis cognata Brusina, 1878
  • Melanopsis confusa Strausz, 1941
  • Melanopsis conoidea Pană, 2003
  • Melanopsis constricta Brusina, 1878
  • Melanopsis corici Neubauer, Mandic, Harzhauser & Hrvatović, 2013
  • Melanopsis coronata Brusina, 1878
  • Melanopsis correcta Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis costata (Olivier, 1804)[9]
  • Melanopsis cotrocenensis Cobălcescu, 1883
  • Melanopsis covurluensis Cobălcescu, 1883
  • Melanopsis croatica Brusina, 1884
  • Melanopsis cuisiensis Dominici & Kowalke, 2014
  • Melanopsis cvijici Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis cylindrica (Stoliczka, 1862)
  • Melanopsis dalmatina Brusina, 1884
  • Melanopsis decollata Stoliczka, 1862
  • Melanopsis defensa Fuchs, 1870
  • Melanopsis delessei Tournouër, 1875
  • Melanopsis depereti Boistel, 1898
  • Melanopsis dianaeformis Andrusov, 1909
  • Melanopsis dichtli Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis doriae Issel, 1865
  • Melanopsis draghiceniani Cobălcescu, 1883
  • Melanopsis dufouri A. Férussac, 1822
  • Melanopsis eleis Oppenheim, 1891
  • Melanopsis elophila Pallary, 1925
  • Melanopsis entziBrusina, 1902: synonym of †Melanopsis fuchsi Handmann, 1882 (junior synonym)
  • Melanopsis esperioides Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis etrusca Brot, 1862[11]
  • Melanopsis eulimopsis Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis euphrosinae (Cobălcescu, 1883)
  • Melanopsis eurystoma Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • Melanopsis faberi Brusina, 1884
  • Melanopsis fallax Pantanelli, 1886
  • Melanopsis fateljensis Neubauer, Mandic & Harzhauser, 2014
  • Melanopsis ferussaci
  • Melanopsis filifera Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis fossilis (Gmelin, 1791) - late Neogene
  • Melanopsis freybergi Kühn, 1951
  • Melanopsis friedeli Brusina, 1885
  • Melanopsis fritzei Thomä, 1845
  • Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis fuchsi Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis fusulatina Sacco, 1895
  • Melanopsis gearyae Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014
  • Melanopsis geniculata Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis gersondei Willmann, 1981
  • Melanopsis glandicula Sandberger, 1875
  • Melanopsis glaubrechti Neubauer & Harzhauser in Neubauer et al., 2015
  • Melanopsis gorceixi Tournouër, 1875
  • Melanopsis graciosa Seninski, 1905
  • Melanopsis granum Calvert & Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis guernei Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis handmanniana
  • Melanopsis hantkeni Hofmann, 1870
  • Melanopsis harpula Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • Melanopsis hastata Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • Melanopsis haueri Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis heliophila Bourguignat, 1884
  • Melanopsis hennersdorfensis Fischer, 1993
  • Melanopsis hranilovici Brusina, 1897
  • Melanopsis hybostoma Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis impressa Krauss, 1852
  • Melanopsis incerta Férussac, 1823
  • Melanopsis inconstans Neumayr, 1869
  • Melanopsis inermis Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis inexspectata Willmann, 1981
  • Melanopsis involuta Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis irregularis Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis isabelae Ahuir, 2016
  • Melanopsis karici Pavlović, 1903
  • Melanopsis katzeri Brusina, 1904
  • Melanopsis kleinii Kurr, 1856
  • Melanopsis klerici Brusina, 1893
  • Melanopsis kotschyi Philippi, 1847
  • Melanopsis krambergeri Brusina, 1884
  • Melanopsis kupensis Fuchs, 1870
  • Melanopsis kurdica Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis laevigata (Lamarck, 1792)
  • Melanopsis lanceolata Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • Melanopsis langhofferi Pavlović, 1927†
  • Melanopsis lanzaeana Brusina, 1874†
  • Melanopsis laubrierei Carez, 1880
  • Melanopsis lebedai Lueger, 1980
  • Melanopsis lepavinensis Brusina, 1897†
  • Melanopsis letourneuxi Bourguignat, 1880[12]
  • Melanopsis lomnickii Wenz, 1928
  • Melanopsis longa Deshayes in Férussac, 1851
  • Melanopsis longirostris Pallary, 1920
  • Melanopsis lorcana Guirao, 1854
  • Melanopsis lorentheyi Andrusov, 1909
  • Melanopsis lorioli Locard, 1893
  • Melanopsis lozanici Brusina, 1893
  • Melanopsis lucanensis Neubauer in Neubauer et al., 2011
  • Melanopsis lyrata Neumayr, 1869
  • Melanopsis macrosculpturata Papp, 1953
  • Melanopsis magna Lubenescu, 1985
  • Melanopsis magnifica Bourguignat, 1884[13]
  • Melanopsis magyari Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014
  • Melanopsis major Férussac, 1823
  • Melanopsis mariei Crosse, 1869
  • Melanopsis medinae Neubauer, Mandic, Harzhauser & Hrvatović, 2013 (unaccepted, junior synonym)
  • Melanopsis metochiana Pavlović, 1932
  • Melanopsis minotauri Willmann, 1980
  • Melanopsis mitraeformis Andrusov, 1909
  • Melanopsis moesiensis Jekelius, 1944
  • Melanopsis mojsisovicsi (Neumayr, 1880)
  • Melanopsis mourebeyensis Pallary, 1921[14]
  • Melanopsis multiformis
  • Melanopsis narzolina d'Archiac in Viquesnel, 1846
  • Melanopsis nesici Brusina, 1893
  • Melanopsis neumayri Tournouër, 1874
  • Melanopsis nobilis Seninski, 1905
  • Melanopsis obediensis
  • Melanopsis obsoleta Fuchs, 1873
  • Melanopsis ogerieni Locard, 1883
  • Melanopsis olivula Grateloup, 1838
  • Melanopsis oltszakadatensis Halaváts, 1914
  • Melanopsis onusta Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis onychia Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis orientalis Bukowski, 1892
  • Melanopsis oroposi Papp, 1979
  • Melanopsis ovosimilis Willmann, 1981
  • Melanopsis ovularis Watelet, 1853
  • Melanopsis oxycantha Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis pachecoi Royo Gómez, 1922
  • Melanopsis papkesiensis Bandel, 2000
  • Melanopsis paradoxa (Brusina, 1892)
  • Melanopsis parreyssii (Philippi, 1847)[9] - synonym: Melanopsis hungarica Kormos, 1904[15]
  • Melanopsis paulovici Bourguignat, 1880
  • Melanopsis pavlovici Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis pedemontana Sacco, 1889
  • Melanopsis pentagona Brusina, 1892
  • Melanopsis pergamena Calvert & Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis petkovici Pavlović, 1931
  • Melanopsis pechinati Bourguignat, 1868
  • Melanopsis petrovici Brusina, 1893
  • Melanopsis pleuroplagia (Bourguignat, 1880)
  • Melanopsis pleurotomoides Pavlović, 1927
  • Melanopsis plicatella Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis plicatula Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis porumbari Porumbaru, 1881
  • Melanopsis posterior Papp, 1953
  • Melanopsis praecursor Schütt in Schütt & Ortal, 1993
  • Melanopsis praemorsa (Linnaeus, 1758) - type species[9]
  • Melanopsis protopygmaea Halaváts, 1914
  • Melanopsis pseudoaustriaca Sauerzopf, 1952
  • Melanopsis pseudobesa Bandel, 2000
  • Melanopsis pseudocostata Oppenheim, 1891
  • Melanopsis pseudoimpressa
  • Melanopsis pseudopygmaea Jekelius, 1944
  • Melanopsis pseudoscalaria Sandberger, 1886
  • Melanopsis pterochila Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis pumila (Brusina, 1902)
  • Melanopsis pusilla Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis pygmaea Hörnes, 1856
  • Melanopsis pyrum Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • Melanopsis rarinodosa (Brusina, 1892)
  • Melanopsis recurrens Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis retusa Brusina, 1904
  • Melanopsis revelata Pallary, 1920
  • Melanopsis rhodanica Locard, 1883†
  • Melanopsis rifi Ahuir, 2014
  • Melanopsis rudis Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis rumana Tournouër, 1880
  • Melanopsis sabolici Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis saharica Bourguignat, 1864[16]
  • Melanopsis salamei Alhejoj & Bandel, 2013
  • Melanopsis sandbergeri Neumayr, 1869
  • Melanopsis saulcyi Bourguignat, 1853
  • Melanopsis scalariformis Papp, 1953
  • Melanopsis scalaris Gassies, 1856[17]
  • Melanopsis scansoria Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis scripta Fuchs, 1870
  • Melanopsis senatoria Handmann, 1887
  • Melanopsis seninskii Wenz, 1928
  • Melanopsis serbica Brusina, 1893
  • Melanopsis serchensis Vidal, 1874 - from Maastrichtian[18]
  • Melanopsis sharhabili Bandel, 2000
  • Melanopsis simulata Pallary, 1925
  • Melanopsis sinjana Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis sinzowi Brusina, 1885
  • Melanopsis slavonica Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875
  • Melanopsis soceni Jekelius, 1944
  • Melanopsis sodalis Deshayes, 1862
  • Melanopsis soldaniana Pantanelli, 1879
  • Melanopsis sostarici Brusina, 1897
  • Melanopsis soubeirani Porumbaru, 1881
  • Melanopsis spinicostata Rolle, 1860
  • Melanopsis spinigera Seninski, 1905
  • Melanopsis spiridioni Pallary, 1916
  • Melanopsis sporadum Tournouër, 1876
  • Melanopsis strangulata Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis striata Handmann, 1887
  • Melanopsis stricturata Brusina, 1892
  • Melanopsis sturi (unaccepted, rank changed)
  • Melanopsis suarezi Ahuir, 2016
  • Melanopsis subangulosa Sandberger, 1875
  • Melanopsis subbuccinoides d'Orbigny, 1851
  • Melanopsis subgraëllsiana Bourguignat, 1864[19]
  • Melanopsis subpraerosa Andrusov, 1909
  • Melanopsis subpyrum Penecke, 1886
  • Melanopsis substricturata (Jekelius, 1944)
  • Melanopsis suskalovici Pavlović, 1903
  • Melanopsis synaniae Esu & Girotti, 2015
  • Melanopsis tenuiplicata Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis tihanyensis (unaccepted, junior synonym)
  • Melanopsis timacensis Živković, 1893
  • Melanopsis tinnyensis Wenz, 1919
  • Melanopsis tortispina Papp, 1953
  • Melanopsis tricarinata (Bruguière, 1789)
  • Melanopsis trivortiana Locard, 1883
  • Melanopsis trojana Hoernes, 1877
  • Melanopsis trstenjaki Brusina, 1884
  • Melanopsis tuberculata Pavlović, 1927
  • Melanopsis turgida Pallary, 1927[20]
  • Melanopsis turislavica Jekelius, 1944
  • Melanopsis turriformis
  • Melanopsis valdeci Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis vandeveldi Bukowski, 1892
  • Melanopsis varicosa Handmann, 1882
  • Melanopsis vilicici Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis vindobonensis Fuchs, 1870
  • Melanopsis viquesneli Pavlović, 1932
  • Melanopsis visianiana Brusina, 1874
  • Melanopsis vitalisi Strausz, 1942
  • Melanopsis vitezovici Brusina, 1902
  • Melanopsis vitzoui Porumbaru, 1881
  • Melanopsis vrcinensis Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014
  • Melanopsis wagneri
  • Melanopsis wilhelmi Esu & Girotti, 2015
  • Melanopsis wolfgangfischeri Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
  • Melanopsis zitteli Neumayr, 1869
  • Melanopsis zujovici Brusina, 1893

(Extinct taxa indicated by a dagger, †.)

Species brought into synonymy
  • Melanopsis abbreviata cosmanni Pallary, 1916: synonym of † Melanopsis abbreviata cossmanni Pallary, 1916
  • Melanopsis acanthicoides var. abichi Calvert & Neumayr, 1880: synonym of † Melanopsis abichi Calvert & Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis acanthicoides var. pergamenica Calvert & Neumayr, 1880: synonym of † Melanopsis pergamena Calvert & Neumayr, 1880
  • Melanopsis acanthicoides var. trojana Hoernes, 1877: synonym of † Melanopsis trojana Hoernes, 1877
  • Melanopsis aperta Gassies, 1863: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis aurantiaca Gassies, 1874: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis austriaca var. serbica Brusina, 1902: synonym of † Melanopsis haueri ripanjensis Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
  • Melanopsis brevis Morelet, 1857: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis brotiana Gassies, 1874: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis callosa var. curta Locard, 1893: synonym of † Melanopsis kleinii kleinii Kurr, 1856
  • Melanopsis carinata Gassies, 1863: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis curta Gassies, 1870: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis cylindrica petrovici (Brusina, 1893): synonym of † Melanopsis petrovici Brusina, 1893
  • Melanopsis dumbeensis Crosse, 1869: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis elegans Gassies, 1869: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis elongata Gassies, 1874: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis esperi Férussac, 1823: synonym of Esperiana esperi (Férussac, 1823)
  • Melanopsis fasciata Gassies, 1874: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis fragilis Gassies, 1874: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis fossilis var. accedens Handmann, 1887: synonym of † Melanopsis fossilis (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Melanopsis fossilis var. propinqua Handmann, 1887: synonym of † Melanopsis fossilis (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Melanopsis fossilis var. proclivis Handmann, 1887: synonym of † Melanopsis fossilis (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Melanopsis fossilis rugosa Handmann, 1887: synonym of † Melanopsis wolfgangfischeri Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014
  • Melanopsis fulgurans Gassies, 1859: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis fulminata Brot, 1879: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis fusca Gassies, 1870: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis fusiformis Gassies, 1870: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis gassiesiana Crosse, 1867: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis harpula capreniensis Fontannes, 1887: synonym of † Melanopsis capreniensis Fontannes, 1887
  • Melanopsis impressa bonellii Manzoni, 1870: synonym of † Melanopsis bonellii Manzoni, 1870
  • Melanopsis lamberti Souverbie, 1872: synonym of Melanopsis mariei Crosse, 1869
  • Melanopsis lentiginosa Reeve, 1860: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis lineolata Gassies, 1857: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis lirata Gassies, 1869: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis livida Gassies, 1863: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis neritoides Gassies, 1859: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis retoutiana Gassies, 1863: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis robusta Gassies, 1870: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis rumana var. correcta Stefanescu, 1896: synonym of † Melanopsis correcta Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis sandbergeri correcta Stefanescu, 1896: synonym of † Melanopsis correcta Stefanescu, 1896
  • Melanopsis souverbieana Gassies, 1870: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis trifasciata Gray, 1843: synonym of Zemelanopsis trifasciata (Gray, 1843)
  • Melanopsis variegata Morelet, 1857: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis zonites Gassies, 1870: synonym of Melanopsis frustulum Morelet, 1857
  • Melanopsis (Canthidomus) bouei var. megacantha Handmann, 1887: synonym of † Melanopsis bouei megacantha Handmann, 1887
  • Melanopsis (Canthidomus) bouei var. monacantha Handmann, 1887: synonym of † Melanopsis bouei bouei Férussac, 1823
  • Melanopsis (Canthidomus) bouei var. multicostata Handmann, 1887: synonym of † Melanopsis bouei multicostata Handmann, 1887
  • Melanopsis (Canthidomus) defensa elongata Gillet & Marinescu, 1971: synonym of † Melanopsis defensa defensa Fuchs, 1870

References

  1. Férussac (1807). Essai Méth. Conch., page 70; Férussac (1822). H.N. g. et p. Moll., Tabl. gén., xxxiv.
  2. IUCN (2015). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015-4. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 January 2016.
  3. Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=519395 on 2014-11-10
  4. (in Czech) Pek I., Vašíček Z., Roček Z., Hajn V. & Mikuláš R. (1996). Základy zoopaleontologie. Olomouc, 264 pp., ISBN 80-7067-599-3.
  5. Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks. 47 (1–2): 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
  6. Powell, A.W.B. (1979): New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand. ISBN 0-00-216906-1
  7. Van Damme D. & Ghamizi M. (2007). Melanopsis arbalensis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 June 2011.
  8. Van Damme D. & Ghamizi M. (2007). Melanopsis brevicula. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 June 2011.
  9. "Species in genus Melanopsis (n=5). AnimalBase, accessed 26 June 2011.
  10. Van Damme D. & Ghamizi M. (2007). Melanopsis chlorotica. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 June 2011.
  11. Cianfanelli S. (2010). Melanopsis etrusca. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 June 2011.
  12. Van Damme D. & Ghamizi M. (2007). Melanopsis letourneuxi. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 June 2011.
  13. Van Damme D. & Ghamizi M. (2007). Melanopsis magnifica. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <http://www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 June 2011.
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