Microsoft Bob

Microsoft Bob was released in March 1995 (before Windows 95 was released), although it had been widely publicized prior to that date under the codename "Utopia".[3][4] The project leader for Bob was Karen Fries, a Microsoft researcher. The design was based on research by Professors Clifford Nass and Byron Reeves of Stanford University.[5] Melinda Gates, wife of Bill Gates, was marketing manager for the product.[6] Microsoft originally purchased the domain name bob.com from Boston-area techie Bob Antia, but later traded it to Bob Kerstein for the windows2000.com domain name.[7]

A screenshot of the "family room" area of the Microsoft Bob software, including the "Assistant" character Rover.

Bob included various office suite programs such as a finance application and a word processor. The user interface was designed to simplify the navigational experience for novice computer users.

Similar to early graphical shells like Jane, the main interface is portrayed as the inside of a house, with different rooms corresponding to common real-world room styles such as a kitchen or family room. Each room contains decorations and furniture, as well as icons that represent applications. Bob offers the user the option of fully customizing the entire house. The user has full control over decorating each room, and can add, remove, or reposition all objects. The user can also add or remove rooms from the house and change the destinations of each door. There is also a feature in which Bob offers multiple themes for room designs and decorations, such as contemporary and postmodern.[8]

The applications built into Bob are represented by matching decorations – for example, clicking on a clock opens the calendar, while a pen and paper represent the word processor. The user can also add shortcuts to applications on their computer. These shortcuts display the icon inside various styles of decorations such as boxes and picture frames.[8]

Bob included the ability to install new applications, but because of the failure of the product only a single add-on application package, Microsoft Great Greetings, was ever released.

Released right as the Internet was beginning to become popular, Bob offered an email client with which a user could subscribe to MCI Mail, a dial-up email account. The price was $5.00 per month to send up to 15 emails per month. Each email was limited to 5000 characters, and each additional email after the limit was reached was an additional 45 cents. A toll-free phone number had to be called to set up the account.[9]

Bob features "Assistants", cartoon characters intended to help the user navigate the virtual house or perform tasks in the main interface or within the built-in applications.

An edition of Microsoft Bob was bundled with the Gateway 2000 computer around 1995. The Gateway Edition contained Gateway branding on the login screen along with additional rooms and backgrounds not seen in the retail version. One additional room was the attic, which contained the box to a Gateway 2000 computer. Along with the additional rooms, there were more icons that appeared by default in the new rooms.[10]

Microsoft Bob was one of Microsoft's more visible product failures.[11] Despite being discontinued before Windows 95 was released, Microsoft Bob continued to be severely criticized in reviews and popular media.[12] In 2017, Melinda Gates acknowledged that the software "needed a more powerful computer than most people had back then".[6]

Bob received the 7th place in PC World magazine's list of the 25 worst tech products of all time,[13] number one worst product of the decade by CNET.com,[14] and a spot in a list of the 50 worst inventions published by Time magazine, who called Bob "overly cutesy" and an "operating system designed around Clippy".[15] Microsoft's Steve Ballmer mentioned Bob as an example of a situation in which "we decided that we have not succeeded and let's stop [now]".[16]

Microsoft employee Raymond Chen wrote in an article that an encrypted copy of Bob was included on Windows XP install CDs to take up space and slow down the downloading of illegal copies,[11] a story later confirmed by Microsoft engineer David Plummer. Tech journalist Harry McCracken called the story "a delightfully urban legend-y tale" and noted its similarities to an April Fools' Day joke claiming Bob was hidden in Windows Vista.[17]

Rover, the software's dog mascot, reappeared in Windows XP's File Search function.

The popular typeface Comic Sans was created for (but not used in) Microsoft Bob.[18]

Raymond Chen claimed that an encrypted copy of Microsoft Bob was used to help slow down people from distributing pirated versions of Windows XP by adding an additional 30 megabytes to the disc as this was the time of dial up internet, it was thought that the additional 30MB would slow users of 56k modems down.[19] In November 2020, retired Microsoft engineer, David Plummer confessed to be the one who put an encrypted copy of Microsoft Bob onto the Windows XP installation media. The installer would check for the "blob of Bob" and if you had the "OEM blob" you could only use an OEM product key and the same goes for retail blob.[20][21]

• Orphaned technology
• Packard Bell Navigator

Microsoft

• Office Assistant
• Microsoft Agent
• Cortana

• Microsoft Bob Review
• Information about Microsoft Bob version 1.0 for Windows
• The GUI Gallery: Microsoft Bob' Examining Bob in the context of other graphical user interfaces
• A short computing history (story and slideshow) of Bobs from Microsoft Bob to Bob Metcalfe to Alice & Bob.
• A more in-depth article about Microsoft Bob (in German)
• Video of the Microsoft Bob in action on YouTube