Mjolnir (comics)

"Mjolnar" was initially conceived by writer Joe Simon and artist Jack Kirby for the story "The Villain from Valhalla", in Adventure Comics #75 (Jun. 1942). Mjolnir debuted in Marvel Comics title Journey into Mystery #83 (Aug. 1962), being the means by which physician Donald Blake transformed into Thunder god Thor Odinson (by striking it on the ground). The first use of the hammer's name was in the "Tales of Asgard" feature in Thor #135 (Dec. 1966) in a story by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. The weapon's origin is eventually revealed in Thor Annual #11 (1983), with another version presented in Thor vol. 2, #80 (Aug. 2004).

In a 2002 documentary with Kevin Smith, Lee says his brother and co-creator Larry Lieber originally referred to Mjolnir as the "Uru Hammer".[1] Writer Roy Thomas eventually changed the name of the hammer to the mythologically correct name of "Mjolnir" and maintained the Larry Lieber concept of it being composed of fictional metal "uru".[2]

Mjolnir's origin in Marvel continuity mirrors the original Norse legend. The hammer is created when Odin's adopted son Loki cuts off the hair of the goddess Sif as part of a cruel jest, and, when threatened with violence by Thor, promises to fetch replacement hair from the dwarf smiths. Loki commissions the hair from the Sons of Ivaldi, and the obliging dwarves create the hair and a magic ship and spear as gifts for the gods. Loki is convinced that no one can match their workmanship, and challenges a dwarf named Eitri to make finer treasures. Eitri creates a golden ring and golden boar spear with magical properties, and then begins work on a hammer. Loki panics at the sight of the treasures, and, afraid he will lose the wager, transforms himself into a mayfly and stings Eitri's assistant on the brow as he is working the bellows for the forge. The assistant stops for a moment to wipe away the blood, and the bellows fall flat. As a result, the hammer's handle is shorter in length than Eitri had originally intended, meaning that the hammer could only be wielded one-handed.

Despite the error, the Norse gods consider Eitri to have forged the greater treasures. Loki loses the bet and in retaliation the Sons of Ivaldi sew Loki's lips shut. The ruler of the Norse gods, Odin, uses the hammer – called Mjolnir ("Grinder") by Eitri – and eventually passes it to his son Thor, on the condition that he first prove he is worthy to wield the weapon.[3]

In the second volume of Thor, another version of the hammer's origin is depicted when Odin orders the dwarven blacksmiths Eitri, Brok and Buri to forge Mjolnir using the core of a star.[4]

The series The Mighty Thor provides another version of Mjolnir's origin: after an extended battle Odin traps a galaxy-sized storm called "Mother Storm" in a nugget of uru, which Odin orders the dwarves to use to create a weapon capable of using Mother Storm's power.[5]

Odin placed several enchantments upon Mjolnir prior to Thor wielding the hammer:

• No living being may wield it unless they are worthy. This is reflected in the inscription on the side of Mjolnir, which states: Whosoever holds this hammer, if they be worthy, shall possess the power of Thor.[6] For almost the entirety of Marvel continuity, this has exclusively been Thor.
• Once thrown it will always return to the wielder's hand after being thrown. By hurling the hammer and holding the lanyard, Thor is capable of flight.[7]
• The wielder can control the elements of storm (lightning, wind, and rain) by stamping its handle twice on the ground.[8]
• Mjolnir can open interdimensional portals, allowing its wielder to travel to other dimensions (such as from Earth to Asgard)[9]
• Also originally capable of creating chronal displacement and therefore allowing time travel.[10] This enchantment was removed by the entity Immortus with the Thor's consent to aid a planet trapped in Limbo.[11] This was eventually revealed to be a deception by Immortus to eliminate the superhero team the Avengers' access to time travel.[12] Thor, however, is still able to manipulate time with Mjolnir.[13]
• Originally transform Thor into the guise of a mortal, the physician Donald Blake, by stamping the hammer's head on the ground once and willing the change. When Thor transforms into Blake, his hammer takes the appearance of a wooden walking cane. Odin also stipulated that if Thor was separated from Mjolnir for more than sixty seconds, he would revert to his mortal persona until striking the cane once again.[14]

The last enchantment was eventually removed and transferred to Stormbreaker, the hammer of character Beta Ray Bill.[15] After this the Donald Blake persona disappeared (eventually returning from the after life [16]), and Thor assumed a civilian identity simply by changing into modern clothing (carrying Mjolnir concealed within a duffel bag). Thor eventually adopts the mortal persona of Jake Olson as penance for accidentally causing the original Olson's death during a battle, and simply pounds a fist to effect a change. During this period Mjolnir would disappear when Thor became Olson, and reappear when returning to his true form. Thor was also once again bound by the original rule whereby he would revert to Olson if kept away from Mjolnir for more than a minute.[17]

The enchantment eventually changes: during the Original Sin storyline, Nick Fury whispers an undisclosed secret to Thor that causes him to lose the ability to pick up Mjolnir.[18] The change extends to other gods, as Odin also cannot lift it (Fury's comment to Thor was simply "Gorr was right", validating to Thor that an old foe's claim that gods brought only pain and suffering was correct).[19] The hammer is subsequently picked up by an unknown female - later revealed to be Jane Foster - who inherits the power and title of Thor, with the inscription changing to read if she be worthy.[20]

• As one of the most formidable weapons known to man or god, Mjolnir is described as impacting with sufficient force to "level mountains"[21] with only fictional metal adamantium proving impervious.[22]

Capable of creating:

• huge vortices[23]
• antimatter particles[24]
• forcefields (capable of containing an explosion that could potentially destroy a galaxy);[25]
• Emitting mystical blasts of energy; controlling electromagnetism; molecular manipulation;[26]

Generating exceptional offensives:

• Geo-Blast (an energy wave that taps a planet's gravitational force)[27]
• Anti-Force (energy created to counter-act another force)[28]
• God Blast (an energy blast that taps into Thor's life force)[29]

Mjolnir can also absorb energy;

• draining the Asgardian powers of the Wrecking Crew into the Wrecker[30]
• draining the life-force of villain the Presence[31]
• removing the force field of the villain Juggernaut[32]

The hammer is also capable of empowering others - accidentally endowing the hero Union Jack with the ability to generate electricity.[33] - and removing any harmful radiation or other toxins from a host.[34]

There are also several rarely used abilities:

• tracking a person[35]
• locating mystical items[36]
• detecting illusions[37]
• project images, as Thor shows a glimpse of Asgard to fellow Avenger Iron Man.[38]

As a former religious relic, Mjolnir is also lethal to the undead, causing creatures such as vampires to burst into flame and crumble to dust.[39]

Mjolnir is also not indestructible, having been damaged or destroyed several times in continuity: a force beam from the Asgardian Destroyer slices it in two;[40] the Molecule Man dispels the atomic bonds between the hammer's molecules, vaporizing Mjolnir;[41] shattered after channeling an immeasurable amount of energy at the Celestial Exitar;[42] Dark god Perrikus slices Mjolnir in half with a magical scythe;[43] and shattered when it collided with the uru weapons of Loki's Storm Giant followers, resulting in an atomic-scale explosion.[44] Mjolnir was not recreated after this last incident until Thor returned to Earth several years later.[45] Temporary wielder Jane Foster sacrifices Mjolnir and herself to defeat the monster Mangog by hurling them all into the Sun. Thor and Odin are able to resurrect Jane, who subsequently presents Thor with the last fragment of his hammer.[46]

During the War of the Realms storyline, Thor is able to channel the power of the ancient Mother Storm to reforge Mjolnir, declaring that Gorr was right and vowing to prove himself better than the gods who had come before.[47]

Other than Thor and Odin, certain other individuals have proven capable of lifting Mjolnir in the primary continuity:

• Roger "Red" Norvell[48] (Actually a deliberate ruse by Odin)
• Beta Ray Bill[49]
• Captain America[50]
• Eric Masterson[51]
• Bor(Thor's grandfather)[52]
• Buri(also known as Tiwaz, Thor's great-grandfather)[53]
• Loki[54][55]
• Jane Foster[56]
• The Destroyer[57]
• Black Panther[58]

Several imitations of Mjolnir have also existed:

• "Stormbreaker" (created for Beta Ray Bill)[59]
• "Thunderstrike" (created for Thunderstrike)[60]
• "Stormcaster" (created by Loki for mutant X-Men member Storm in an attempt to control her.[61] Storm later destroyed Stormcaster using Mjolnir.[62])
• Loki provides another version to mercenary Deadpool to spite Thor.[63]
• Loki also allows Surtur to use the forge Mjolnir was created from to craft copies during Ragnarok.[64]
• HYDRA created an evil version of Thor and provided it with a technology-based imitation of Mjolnir.[65]
• Tony Stark and Reed Richards also create an imitation Mjolnir for their clone Ragnarok[66]
• A tiny version was created from a sliver of Mjolnir for Throg, leader of the Pet Avengers.[67]

In the Ultimate Marvel imprint title The Ultimates and its sequel The Ultimates 2, the Ultimate version of Thor wields a Mjolnir styled after a classical war hammer.[68] This version was used a plot device when the hammer temporarily crossed over into the mainstream Earth-616 universe,[69] being found and used by the Asgardian Volstagg and later Jane Foster before being destroyed. The surviving fragments are reassembled into another weapon for Foster once she abandons the Thor persona.[70]

• Mjolnir at the Marvel Universe wiki
• Mjolnir on Marvel Database, a Marvel Comics wiki