Nahcotta (steamship)

Nahcotta was a steamboat operated from 1898 to 1928 on a route from Astoria, Oregon to Ilwaco, Washington, and then, from 1908 on, from Astoria to Megler, Washington. Nahcotta ran on the same route for its entire service life, and for much of that time was commanded by Capt. Tom Parker, who started his marine career as a deckhand and who had only three months of formal education.

Nahcotta circa 1910
History
Name: Nahcotta
Owner: Oregon Railway & Nav. Co.
Route: Lower Columbia and Willapa Bay
In service: 1898
Out of service: 1928
Identification: U.S. 130793
Fate: Partially dismantled, converted to floating fish store
General characteristics
Type: inland steamship
Tonnage: 149 GT; 112 NT
Length: 96 ft (29.3 m)
Beam: 20.1 ft (6.1 m)
Depth: 6.5 ft (2.0 m) depth of hold
Installed power: steam engine
Propulsion: twin propeller

Construction

Nahcotta was built at Portland, Oregon in 1898 for the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company.[1] Nahcotta was 96 ft (29.3 m) long, with a beam of 20.1 ft (6.1 m) and depth of hold of 6.5 ft (2.0 m).[2]

Overall size of the vessel was 149 gross tons; 112 net tons, with tons being a measure of volume and not weight.[2] The merchant vessel registry number was 130793.[2] The home port, that is, where the steamer's permanent documentation was kept, was Port Townsend, Washington.[2]

Nahcotta was built by Portland Iron Works.[3] Reportedly the machinery proved to have been a failure after several trial trips, and was replaced by machinery manufactured in the east.[3]

Operations

Starting from 1899 and lasting until at last 1921, Nahcotta was under the command of Capt. Thomas Parker.[4] Parker had started working on steamers as a deckhand when only a young boy.[4] He became one of the most experienced masters in the Astoria area. A newspaperman estimated that by 1921, Parker had in forty years crossed the river 4,800 times for a total distance of 250,000 miles.[4] Parker had come from a background of poverty and he had only three months of formal education.[4]

Ilwaco terminus
Advertisement for travel to the Long Beach Peninsula, August 22, 1906, showing Nahcotta as part of the route.

Nahcotta was built for the run across the Columbia River from Astoria, Oregon to Ilwaco, Washington.[1] It took about two hours for the steamer to reach Ilwaco from Astoria.[5] Once at Ilwaco, the steamer would meet a train from the Ilwaco Railway and Navigation Company which would then carry passengers and freight to points on the Long Beach Peninsula, then as now a vacation area.[6]

Because of the extreme shallow water at the railroad's dock in Ilwaco restricted steamboat access to times when it was permitted by the tide, for so long as the railroad's southern terminus was at Ilwaco, the railroad's schedule was based on the tide charts. For example, a schedule for April, 1905, shows times of departure from Astoria for the steamer Nahcotta as varying from as early as 5:00 a.m. to as late as 8:30 a.m.[7]

In August 1906, Nahcotta met at the Astoria dock the steamer Hassalo, coming down from Portland, to carry passengers and freight across the Columbia to seaside resort areas on the Long Beach Peninsula.[8]

In 1908, Nahcotta was sent to Portland, to be refitted as an oil-burner, and to operate as a passenger ferry.[9]

Rescue of M.F. Hazen

On February 3, 1905, Nahcotta, with Capt. Parker in command, rescued crewmen from the steamer M.F. Hazen, which had struck an obstruction in the river while towing a barge laden with hay and feed to Chinook, Washington.[10]

M.F. Hazen had capsized, throwing the captain in the water, who was able to cling on to the obstruction itself, which was called a spile.[10] The engineer had climbed on to the bottom of the overturned Hazen.[10] Nahcotta was able to get a line out to the steamer and the barge, but could not handle both, anchoring the steamer, and towing the barge into Chinook.[10] Other vessels towed and righted Hazen.[10]

Megler terminus
Nahcotta is on the right in this 1914 postcard, shown as moored at the floating dock.

On June 1, 1908, a large wharf carrying railroad tracks was completed at Megler, Washington.[11] Nahcotta was taken off the Ilwaco run, for a new terminus at Megler.[11] The Ilwaco Railway and Navigation Company, by then owned by the Union Pacific Railroad, had run an extension down to Megler, so it was no longer necessary for steamers to meet the train at Ilwaco.[11]

Because the water was deeper at Megler, steamers no longer had to be concerned about the tides, and the railroad could run on a regular schedule.[12] Nahcotta made two round trips a day across the five mile distance between Astoria and Megler.[4] The distance from Astoria to Megler was five miles.[4]

Captain seriously injured

On December 1, 1910, Captain Parker was seriously injured while standing in the pilot house.[13] The men on the foredeck were turning a cargo-loading crank, which malfunctioned, sending an iron bar flying towards the pilot house, which struck Captain Parker.[13] The captain lost an eye as a result, and suffered a deep gash on the forehead.[13]

Despite these injuries, Parker was reportedly able to walk off the boat to a carriage to be taken to a hospital.[13] According to Parker's own reminiscence in 1921, he was knocked unconscious for 21 days, with the local newspapers reporting daily on his condition.[4]

Disposition

By the 1920s, Nahcotta was encountering strong competition from automobile ferries, who also had a separate dock at Megler.[14] Nahcotta ran as a passenger ferry until about 1928, when it was partially dismantled.[9] The hulk ended up as a floating fish store at Cathlamet, Washington.[9]

Notes
  1. Newell, Gordon R., ed. (1966). "Maritime Events of 1898". H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle, WA: Superior Pub. Co. p. 33. LCCN 66025424.
  2. U.S. Steamboat Inspection Service (1899). Annual Report (FY end Jun 30, 1890). Wash. DC: GPO. 271.
  3. "Around Town … Captain Tom Parker of the steamer Nahcotta …", Morning Astorian, Astoria, OR, 50 (62), 4, col.2, Aug 10, 1899
  4. Fred Lockley (May 26, 1921), "Observations and Impressions of the Journal Man", Oregon Daily Journal, Portland, OR: C.S. “Sam” Jackson, 20 (68), 10, col.6
  5. Stevens, Sydney; Columbia Pacific Heritage Museum (2009). "Ch.3: The IR&N Finds Its Way". North Beach Peninsula's IR & N (timetable). Arcadia. 34. ISBN 978-0-7385-7020-4.
    • Mills, Randall V. (1947). "Ch. 12 By the Sea". Sternwheelers up Columbia -- A Century of Steamboating in the Oregon Country. Lincoln NE: University of Nebraska. 160. ISBN 0-8032-5874-7. LCCN 77007161.
  7. Feagans, Raymond J. (1972). The Railroad that Ran by the Tide -- Ilwaco Railroad & Navigation Company of the State of Washington (timetable). Berkeley, CA: Howell-North Books. 46. ISBN 0-8310-7094-3. LCCN 72076313.
  8. "Go to the Seashore", Walla Walla Evening Statesman (advertisement), Walla Walla, Washington, 33 (27), 6, col.3, Aug 22, 1906
  9. Stevens, Sydney; Columbia Pacific Heritage Museum (2009). North Beach Peninsula's IR & N. Arcadia. 60. ISBN 978-0-7385-7020-4.
  10. "Local Brevities … The steamer M.F. Hazen turned turtle …", Morning Astorian, Astoria, OR, 59 (105), 5, col.4, Feb 4, 1905
  11. Jessett, Thomas E. (1967). "Union Pacific Control 1901-1931". "Clamshell Railroad": America's Westernmost Line, 1888-1930. Ilwaco, WA: Murfin Pub. Co. 18.
  12. Stevens, Sydney; Columbia Pacific Heritage Museum (2009). "Ch.5: A Regular Schedule At Last!". North Beach Peninsula's IR & N (timetable). Arcadia. 100. ISBN 978-0-7385-7020-4.
  13. "Captain Parker of Str. Nahcotta Is Badly Injured — Struck in Head by Bar of Iron, Well-Known Sailor Loses An Eye and May Not Recover From Injuries", Oregon Daily Journal (Dateline: Astoria, Or.), Portland, OR: C.S. “Sam” Jackson, 9 (233), 1, col.6, Dec 2, 1910
  14. Asay, Jeff (1991). Union Pacific Northwest -- The Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation Company. Edmonds, WA: Pacific Fast Mail. ISBN 0-915713-21-7.

References

Printed sources
  • Asay, Jeff (1991). Union Pacific Northwest -- The Oregon-Washington Railroad & Navigation Company. Edmonds, WA: Pacific Fast Mail. ISBN 0-915713-21-7.
  • Feagans, Raymond J. (1972). The Railroad that Ran by the Tide -- Ilwaco Railroad & Navigation Company of the State of Washington. Berkeley, CA: Howell-North Books. ISBN 0-8310-7094-3. LCCN 72076313.
  • Jessett, Thomas E. (1967). "Clamshell Railroad": America's Westernmost Line, 1888-1930. Ilwaco, WA: Murfin Pub. Co.
  • Mills, Randall V. (1947). Sternwheelers up Columbia -- A Century of Steamboating in the Oregon Country. Lincoln NE: University of Nebraska. ISBN 0-8032-5874-7. LCCN 77007161.
  • Newell, Gordon R., ed. (1966). H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle, WA: Superior Pub. Co. LCCN 66025424.
  • Stevens, Sydney; Columbia Pacific Heritage Museum (2009). North Beach Peninsula's IR & N. Arcadia. ISBN 978-0-7385-7020-4.

Newspaper collections
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