Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering

The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (NNIIRT) is a Russian electronics company specializing in the development and manufacturing of radar equipment. It is a subsidiary of the Almaz-Antey group.[1]

Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering
TypeOpen joint-stock company
Founded1947
Headquarters
Nizhny Novgorod
,
Russia
ParentAlmaz-Antey
Websitenniirt.ru
55Zh6M Nebo-M mobile multiband radar system, developed by NNIIRT

History

Founded in 1947, NNIIRT is based in the city of Nizhny Novgorod.[2]

Beginning in 1975, NNIIRT developed the first VHF 3D radar capable of measuring height, range, and azimuth to a target. This effort produced the 55Zh6 'Nebo' VHF surveillance radar, which passed acceptance trials in 1982.[3]

In the post–Cold War era, NNIIRT developed the 55Zh6 Nebo U 'Tall Rack' radar, which has been integrated with the SA-21 anti-aircraft weapons system. This system is deployed around Moscow.[4]

In 2013, NNIIRT announced the further development of the 55Zh6UME Nebo-UME, which combines VHF and L band radars on a single assembly.[5][6]

NNIIRT designed air surveillance radars

The Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Radio Engineering (Russian acronym: NNIIRT) has since 1948 developed a number of radars.[7] These were mainly radars in the VHF-band, and many of which featured developments in technology that represented "first offs" in the Soviet Union.

Innovations include the first Soviet air surveillance radar with a circular scan; the P-8 Volga (NATO: KNIFE REST A) in 1950, the first 3D-radar; the 5N69 Salute (NATO: BIG BACK) in 1975, and in 1982 the first VHF-band 3D-radar; the 55Zh6 Nebo (NATO: TALL RACK).

Other innovations were radars with frequency hopping; the P-10 Volga A (NATO: KNIFE REST B) in 1953, radars with transmitter signal coherency and special features like moving target indicator (MTI); the P-12 Yenisei (NATO: SPOON REST) in 1955, as well as the P-70 Lena-M with chirp signal modulation in 1968.[8]

RadarNATO reporting nameRadio spectrum (NATO)DevelopedProduction plantNotes
P-3VHF1948NITEL[9]The first Soviet post-World War II air surveillance radar
P-8 VolgaKNIFE REST AVHF1950NITEL[10]The first Soviet radar with circular scan
P-10 Volga AKNIFE REST BVHF1953NITEL[10]Frequency hopping
P-12 YeniseiSPOON RESTVHF1955NITEL[10]Coherent radar with MTI
P-14 LenaTALL KINGVHF1959NITEL[11]
P-70 Lena-MVHF1968First Soviet radar with chirp
P-18 TerekSPOON REST DVHF1970NITEL[12]
5N84A Oborona-14TALL KING CVHF1974NITEL[11]
5N69 SaluteBIG BACKD-band1975First Soviet 3D-radar
44Zh6TALL KING BVHF1979NITEL[11]Stationary version of Oborona-14
55Zh6 NeboTALL RACKVHF1982NITEL[13]First Soviet meter-wavelength 3D-radar
1L131982
52E6VHF1982–1996
1L13-3 Nebo-SVBOX SPRINGVHF1985NITEL[14]
55ZH6U Nebo-U[15]TALL RACKVHF1992NITEL[16]
1L119 Nebo-SVUVHF1997–2006
59N6-1 Protivnik-G1[17]D-band1997Average time between failures 840 hours
1L122 Avtobaza[18]D-band1997–2006
52E6MU[19]VHF1997–2006
P-18 modernisation kitsSPOON REST DVHF1997–2006
55ZH6M Nebo-M[20]VHF/multi-band2011
59N6M

References
  1. "Сайт раскрытия информации СКРИН". disclosure.skrin.ru. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
  2. "Nizhniy Novgorod Scientific Research Institute for Radio Engineering". Aviation Week. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-09-28.
  3. A. Zachepitsky (June 2000). "VHF (Metric Band) Radars from Nizhny Novgorod Research Radiotechnical Institute". Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine. IEEE. 15 (6): 9–14. doi:10.1109/62.847925.
  4. Carlo Kopp (April 2010). "Evolving technological strategy in advanced air defense systems". Joint Force Quarterly.
  5. Miroslav Gyürösi (14 October 2013). "NNIIRT develops new dual-frequency early warning radar". Jane's Information Group. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014.
  6. Carlo Kopp and Bill Sweetman. "New Russian Airpower Efforts Show Progress" Aviation Week & Space Technology, 19 June 2012. Archived July 15, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
  7. "NNIIRT". Retrieved 1 March 2016.
  8. "Soviet Radars".
  9. "РЛС П-3А (Dumbo)". Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  10. "Из истории выпуска РЛС П-18". Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  11. "РЛС П-14 (TALL KING)". Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  12. "pvo.guns.ru/rtv/nitel/p18.htm". Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  13. "РЛС 55Ж6". Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  14. "РЛС 1Л13 "НЕБО-СВ"". Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  15. "Rusi Events". 2013-11-06. Retrieved 2 March 2016.
  16. "Основная деятельность". Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  17. Kopp, Carlo (2007-09-10). "59N6": 1. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  18. "1L122". Archived from the original on 2017-05-20. Retrieved 2019-03-16.
  19. Gyűrösi, Miroslav (2009-11-20). "APA-52E6MU-Struna": 1. Retrieved 2 March 2016. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  20. "ВКС РФ получили пять станций для обнаружения стелс-самолетов | Еженедельник "Военно-промышленный курьер"". vpk-news.ru. Retrieved 17 December 2017.


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