Operational Camouflage Pattern

Operational Camouflage Pattern (OCP), originally codenamed Scorpion W2, is a military camouflage pattern adopted in 2015 by the United States Army for use as the U.S. Army's main camouflage pattern on the Army Combat Uniform (ACU). This pattern officially replaced the U.S. Army's previous Universal Camouflage Pattern (UCP) as the official combat uniform pattern for most U.S. soldiers at the end of September 2019.

Operational Camouflage Pattern
A swatch of OCP
TypeMilitary camouflage pattern
Place of originUnited States
Service history
In service2015–present
Used byUnited States
WarsWar in Afghanistan
Iraq War
Production history
DesignerCrye Precision and Natick Labs
Designed2002 (Initial pattern)
2009 (Modified by Natick)
ProducedJuly 1, 2015–present
VariantsSee Variants

The pattern also superseded the closely related MultiCam, a pattern previously used for troops deploying to Afghanistan. The United States Air Force is also replacing their Airman Battle Uniform with the ACU in OCP after positive feedback from airmen who wore the uniform while being deployed to Afghanistan with Army soldiers.

The original "Scorpion" pattern was developed by a joint venture of the Army's Natick Labs and Crye Precision as part of the Objective Force Warrior (OFW) program more than a decade prior. Crye then modified it to create MultiCam for commercial sales. In July 2014, the Army announced that OCP could be used in the field by the summer of 2015.

In early April 2015, Army Chief of Staff Ray Odierno revealed that OCP uniforms were beginning to be issued to deployed soldiers going to Afghanistan, Iraq, Europe, and the Horn of Africa.[1] The OCP ACU became available for soldiers to purchase starting 1 July 2015.[2]

Background

Selection process

In the early 2010s, the US Army concluded that UCP did not adequately meet all of the concealment needs for Afghanistan’s multiple regions.[3]

In 2010, the United States Army Camouflage Improvement Effort considered 22 entrants. The Army eliminated the patterns down to five finalists who exceeded the baseline patterns and Scorpion W2 was among them in the Army's in-house submission (the Army later withdrew their submission leaving the four commercial vendors).[4] The finalists in the Army's Phase IV camouflage testing were Crye Precision; ADS Inc. and Hyperstealth Inc.; Brookwood Companies Inc.; and Kryptek Inc.[5]

The 2014 National Defense Authorization Act (NDA or NDAA), prevents any service from adopting a new camouflage pattern not already in inventory before the NDA, unless they get all other services to adopt the same pattern. As a result, the Army had to consider existing camouflage patterns within the United States Department of Defense.[4]

Initially, the Army's first pattern choice was the MultiCam pattern developed by Crye Precision, but allegedly due to "printing fees", procurement discussions broke down.[3][4][6] Crye Precision developed the original Scorpion pattern under a government contract in 2002. The pattern was modified by the United States Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center in 2009 and named the Scorpion W2 pattern.[4][7] The Army owns the licensing rights for Scorpion W2, which lowers the overall cost, and allows the Army the option to restrict the pattern to service members only.[3][6]

Rollout
US Army Soldiers wearing OCP uniforms mixed with legacy UCP equipment while shooting M16s at a shooting range.

The Army Combat Uniform patterned in OCP first became available to U.S. Army soldiers on 1 July 2015 at 20 locations in the contiguous United States and in South Korea, with first-day sales exceeding $1.4 million. More installations began sales later in 2015, although soldiers deploying on real-world missions began receiving uniforms and equipment printed in OCP before that date. The color of the T-shirt and belt worn with the OCP ACU are Coyote 498 color, as opposed to the Tan 499 color for the previous uniform, although soldiers were allowed to continue to wear the older color T-shirts, belts, and boots until October 2019. Body armor, packs, and pouches in previous UCP and MultiCam patterns will be worn until they can be replaced with OCP.[8]

On 14 May 2018, the U.S. Air Force announced that all airmen will transition from the Airman Battle Uniform to the OCP uniform. Airmen were authorized to wear OCP uniforms beginning 1 October 2018. Recruits in basic training, and cadets in Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps, and Officer Training School were issued OCPs beginning 1 October 2019. All Airmen will be required to own OCP uniforms by 1 April 2021.[9]

The U.S. Space Force has also adopted the OCP uniform, but with navy blue thread for ranks and tapes.[10]

See also

References
  1. Tan, Michelle (3 April 2015). "Army chief shares update on new camo rollout". Army Times.
  2. "Operational Camouflage Pattern Army Combat Uniforms available July 1" (Press release). Washington, DC: United States Army. 1 June 2015. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  3. Harper, Jon (27 May 2014). "Reports: Army selects new camouflage uniform pattern". Stars and Stripes. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  4. Gould, Joe (23 May 2014). "Army selects new camo pattern". Army Times. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  5. Cox, Matthew (23 May 2014). "Army Selects New Camouflage Pattern". Military.com. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  6. Cox, Matthew (27 May 2014). "Army taps Scorpion pattern to replace highly criticized Universal Camouflage Pattern". Fox News. Military.com. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  7. "US Army Selects Scorpion Camouflage Pattern". Soldier Systems. 23 May 2014. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  8. Secretary of the Air Force Public Affairs (8 July 2015). "Soldiers Line Up to Buy New Camouflage Uniforms". Kitup.Military.com.
  9. Cox, Matthew (14 May 2018). "Air Force transitions to a single combat uniform". AF.mil.
  10. Hodge Seck, Hope (17 January 2020). "Space Force Offers First Peek at Camouflage Uniform". Military.com. Retrieved 1 October 2020.
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