PAWR

PRKC, apoptosis, WT1, regulator, also known as PAWR or Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4), is a human gene coding for a tumor-suppressor protein that induces apoptosis in cancer cells, but not in normal cells.

PAWR
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesPAWR, Pawr, 2310001G03Rik, PAR4, Par-4, pro-apoptotic WT1 regulator
External IDsOMIM: 601936 MGI: 2149961 HomoloGene: 1940 GeneCards: PAWR
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 12 (human)[1]
Band12q21.2Start79,574,979 bp[1]
End79,690,964 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern




More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

5074

114774

Ensembl

ENSG00000177425

ENSMUSG00000035873

UniProt

Q96IZ0

Q925B0

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_002583
NM_001354732
NM_001354733

NM_054056

RefSeq (protein)

NP_002574
NP_001341661
NP_001341662

NP_473397

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 79.57 – 79.69 MbChr 10: 108.33 – 108.41 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

The tumor suppressor WT1 represses and activates transcription. The protein encoded by this gene is a WT1-interacting protein that itself functions as a transcriptional repressor. It contains a putative leucine zipper domain which interacts with the zinc finger DNA binding domain of WT1. This protein is specifically upregulated during apoptosis of prostate cells.[5] The active domain of the Par-4 protein has been found to confer cancer resistance in transgenic mice without compromising normal viability or aging, and may have therapeutic significance.[6]

Interactions

PAWR has been shown to interact with:

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000177425 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000035873 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "Entrez Gene: PAWR PRKC, apoptosis, WT1, regulator".
  6. Zhao Y, Burikhanov R, Qiu S, Lele SM, Jennings CD, Bondada S, Spear B, Rangnekar VM (Oct 2007). "Cancer resistance in transgenic mice expressing the SAC module of Par-4". Cancer Research. 67 (19): 9276–85. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2124. PMID 17909035.
  7. Guo Q, Xie J (Feb 2004). "AATF inhibits aberrant production of amyloid beta peptide 1-42 by interacting directly with Par-4". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (6): 4596–603. doi:10.1074/jbc.M309811200. PMID 14627703.
  8. Kawai T, Akira S, Reed JC (Sep 2003). "ZIP kinase triggers apoptosis from nuclear PML oncogenic domains". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 23 (17): 6174–86. doi:10.1128/mcb.23.17.6174-6186.2003. PMC 180930. PMID 12917339.
  9. Díaz-Meco MT, Municio MM, Frutos S, Sanchez P, Lozano J, Sanz L, Moscat J (Sep 1996). "The product of par-4, a gene induced during apoptosis, interacts selectively with the atypical isoforms of protein kinase C". Cell. 86 (5): 777–86. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80152-x. PMID 8797824. S2CID 15675524.
  10. Xie J, Guo Q (Jul 2004). "Par-4 inhibits choline uptake by interacting with CHT1 and reducing its incorporation on the plasma membrane". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (27): 28266–75. doi:10.1074/jbc.M401495200. PMID 15090548.
  11. Roussigne M, Cayrol C, Clouaire T, Amalric F, Girard JP (Apr 2003). "THAP1 is a nuclear proapoptotic factor that links prostate-apoptosis-response-4 (Par-4) to PML nuclear bodies". Oncogene. 22 (16): 2432–42. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206271. PMID 12717420.
  12. Johnstone RW, See RH, Sells SF, Wang J, Muthukkumar S, Englert C, Haber DA, Licht JD, Sugrue SP, Roberts T, Rangnekar VM, Shi Y (Dec 1996). "A novel repressor, par-4, modulates transcription and growth suppression functions of the Wilms' tumor suppressor WT1". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 16 (12): 6945–56. doi:10.1128/mcb.16.12.6945. PMC 231698. PMID 8943350.

Further reading

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