Pavlos Melas

Pavlos Melas (Greek: Παύλος Μελάς, Pávlos Melás; March 29, 1870 – October 13, 1904) was an officer of the Hellenic Army, and was among the first who organized and participated in the Greek Struggle for Macedonia.

For for places named after Pavlos Melas, see Pavlos Melas (municipality) and Melas, Kastoria.
Pavlos Melas
Παῦλος Μελᾶς
Nickname(s)Mikis Zezas
Born(1870-03-29)March 29, 1870
Marseille, France
DiedOctober 13, 1904(1904-10-13) (aged 34)
Statitsa, Ottoman Empire
Allegiance Kingdom of Greece
Years of service1891–1904
RankCaptain
Battles/warsGreek Struggle for Macedonia

Biography

Melas was born in Marseilles, France, the son of Michail Melas who was elected MP for Attica and mayor of Athens and brother of Vassileios Melas who was also an officer of the Hellenic Army. His father, a wealthy merchant, was of Epirote origin.[1] At an early age Pavlos moved to Athens to study, and later joined the Army, graduating from the Hellenic Army Academy as an artillery lieutenant in 1891. In 1892, he married Natalia Dragoumi, the daughter of Kastorian politician Stephanos Dragoumis and sister of Ion Dragoumis. In 1895, the couple had a son named Michael and a daughter, Zoe.

Melas, with the cooperation of his brother-in-law Ion Dragoumis, the consul of Greece in the then Ottoman occupied Monastir (now Bitola), Christos Kottas, and Germanos Karavangelis, metropolitan bishop of Kastoria, tried to raise money for the economic support of Greek efforts in Macedonia. After the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie uprising, he decided to enter Macedonia in June 1904, to assess the situation and to see if there is any possibility of establishing a military unit to fight the Bulgarians (Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, VMRO) and the Ottoman Turks.

In July 1904 (under the alias "Captain Mikis Zezas", Καπετάν Μίκης Ζέζας), he reentered Macedonia with a small unit of men and fought against the VMRO until October 13, 1904 when he was killed after being surrounded by Ottoman forces in the village of Statitsa. The village with coordinates 40° 42' N 021° 16' E has been renamed Melas in his honour, after joining Greece.

After his death, Greek efforts became more intense, resulting in the interception of Bulgarian Komitadji efforts, especially in West and Central Macedonia, which was annexed by Greece after the Balkan Wars.

He is considered to be a symbol of the Greek Struggle for Macedonia and many of his personal belongings can be seen in the Museum of the Macedonian Struggle in Thessaloniki and Pavlos Melas Museum in Kastoria. His granddaughter Natalia Mela was a distinguished sculptor.

  • A photograph of Pavlos Melas as a Lieutenant in the Greek Army.
  • Pavlos Melas as a Lieutenant in the Greek Army. Portrait by Georgios Jakobides.
  • In Macedonomachos uniform
  • A statue in Thessaloniki

References
  1. George C. Papavizas (2006). Claiming Macedonia: The Struggle for the Heritage, Territory and Name of the Historic Hellenic Land, 1862-2004. McFarland. p. 58. ISBN 978-1-4766-1019-1.
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