Phnom Penh International Airport

Phnom Penh International Airport (Khmer: អាកាសយានដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិភ្នំពេញ; French: Aéroport international de Phnom Penh) (IATA: PNH, ICAO: VDPP) is the busiest and largest airport in Cambodia, occupying a land area of 386.5 hectares. It is located in the Pou Senchey District,[2] 10 kilometres (5.4 NM) west of Phnom Penh, the nation's capital.

Phnom Penh International Airport
អាកាសយានដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិភ្នំពេញ
Aéroport international de Phnom Penh
Summary
Airport typePublic / military
OperatorCambodia Airports
ServesPhnom Penh, Cambodia
Hub for
Elevation AMSL40 ft / 12 m
Coordinates11°32′47″N 104°50′38″E
Websitepnh.cambodia-airports.aero
Map
PNH
Location of airport in Cambodia
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
05/23 3,000 10,000 Asphalt concrete
Statistics (2020)
Passenger movements1,331,000 77.9%
Aircraft movements18,346 67.2%
www.vinci-airports.com[1]

History

Phnom Penh airport's former name was Pochentong International Airport (Khmer: អាកាសយានដ្ឋានអន្តរជាតិពោធិ៍ចិនតុង). On 6 July 1995, the Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) signed a concession agreement with the French–Malaysian joint venture company Société Concessionaire d'Aéroport (SCA), to operate Phnom Penh (PNH) – Pochentong International Airport. In return for a 20-year concession, SCA—70 per cent owned by Groupe GTM and 30 per cent by Muhibbah Masterron of Malaysia—committed to a $100 million improvement program that includes the construction of a new runway, terminal and cargo buildings, hangars, installation of a Cat III level Instrument Landing System (ILS) and associated approach lighting. The Berger Group was selected by the RGC to provide independent engineering services during the concession, to audit the design and to advise on the practicality and cost of the concession's proposed improvements. The Berger team also supervised the initial works to accommodate widebody aircraft such as 747s, including asphalt concrete runway overlays; installation of new ILS, metrological equipment, runway lighting and generator and power systems; and construction of a new fire station, taxiway and turn-pad extensions. Following the successful completion of the initial works, the Berger team provided design review and independent engineering services for the construction of a new 20,000-square-metre (220,000 sq ft) terminal building to accommodate growing tourist traffic. The $20 million terminal building includes four mobile aerobridges, over 1000 auto parking spaces and VIP and CIP facilities.

Facilities

Overview

The airport is at an elevation of 40 feet (12 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 05/23 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,000 by 50 metres (9,840 ft × 160 ft).[3][4] The airport has two terminal buildings – one for international and one for domestic operations. Recently, it added a new facility for VIP service. The international terminal has four aerobridges built in 2003. Three more aerobridges were added during the passenger terminal expansion in 2016–2017. The airport's design capacity is 5 million people per year.

Expansion

In 2014, Cambodia Airports announced a $100 million project to expand the passenger terminals at Phnom Penh and Siem Reap international airports to accommodate continued strong passenger growth.[5] The project saw the extension of the parking lots and terminals, more check-in and immigration counters, and new baggage handling systems. Additionally, the commercial areas were enlarged to allow for more retail shops, new restaurants and food and beverage outlets, and mezzanine lounges to cater to first class and business travellers. The expansions will allow the airport to double its capacity to handle 5 million passengers a year from 2.5 million passengers.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger
AirlinesDestinations
AirAsiaKuala Lumpur–International
Air ChinaBeijing–Capital[6]
All Nippon AirwaysTokyo–Narita[7]
Asiana AirlinesSeoul–Incheon
Bangkok AirwaysBangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Cambodia AirwaysBangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[8] Chengdu,[9] Fuzhou,[10][11] Hong Kong,[12] Macau,[13] Siem Reap,[14] Sihanoukville, Shenzhen,[15][16] Wenzhou[17]
Cambodia Angkor AirDa Nang,[18] Guangzhou,[19][20] Haikou,[19] Hangzhou,[19][21] Ho Chi Minh City, Siem Reap, Shanghai–Pudong,[19][22] Sihanoukville,[23] Zhengzhou[24]
China AirlinesTaipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern AirlinesKunming, Nanning, Shanghai–Pudong
China Express AirlinesZhanjiang[25]
China Southern AirlinesBeijing–Daxing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen[26]
CitilinkJakarta–Soekarno-Hatta[27]
EmiratesBangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[28] Dubai–International
EVA AirTaipei–Taoyuan
Hainan AirlinesHaikou
Seasonal charter: Sanya
JC International AirlinesBangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[29] Chengdu,[30] Chiang Mai,[31] Chongqing, Fuzhou,[32] Guiyang, Hefei,[33] Kunming,[34] Macau, Mandalay,[35] Sanya,[36] Siem Reap, Sihanoukville, Taipei–Taoyuan, Yangon[37]
Jetstar Asia AirwaysSingapore
Korean AirSeoul–Incheon
Lanmei AirlinesBangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur–International,[38] Manila,[38] Siem Reap, Sihanoukville, Xi'an[39]
Malaysia AirlinesKuala Lumpur–International
Malindo AirKuala Lumpur–International[40]
Philippine AirlinesManila[41]
Qatar AirwaysDoha, Ho Chi Minh City
Shandong AirlinesChongqing,[42] Jinan
Shenzhen AirlinesGuangzhou, Shenzhen[43]
Sky Angkor AirlinesCharter: Hualien,[44] Siem Reap, Zunyi
Spring AirlinesChengdu,[45] Guangzhou,[46] Jieyang, Nanjing,[47] Shanghai–Pudong,[48] Shenzhen,[48] Xi'an[47]
Thai AirAsiaBangkok–Don Mueang, Phuket[49]
Thai AirwaysBangkok–Suvarnabhumi[50]
Thai SmileBangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Vietnam AirlinesHanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Vientiane
XiamenAirXiamen[51]

Cargo
AirlinesDestinations
Cathay Pacific CargoHong Kong, Penang, Singapore[52]
Emirates SkyCargoDubai–Al Maktoum[53]
Ethiad CargoAbu Dhabi
K-Mile AirBangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Qatar Airways CargoDoha
SF AirlinesShenzhen
Turkish CargoIstanbul–Atatürk, Hyderabad

Statistics
Statistics for Phnom Penh International Airport[54][55]
YearTotal passengersChange from previous yearTotal aircraft movementsChange from previous year
1998 600,0006,000
1999 700,0008,000
2000 800,0009,000
2001 900,00017,000
2002 900,00018,000
2003 900,00016,000
2004 1,200,00018,000
2005 1,081,7459.85%17,0355.36%
2006 1,322,26722.23%19,28213.19%
2007 1,598,42420.88%20,8818.29%
2008 1,691,8705.84%20,3832.38%
2009 1,587,9866.14%20,3520.15%
2010 1,673,4215.38%20,1560.96%
2011 1,839,8929.95%21,3656.0%
2012 2,077,28212.9%22,5345.47%
2013 2,393,68015.23%26,58317.97%
2014 2,665,894 11.37% 27,936 5.09%
2015 3,079,068 15.50% 31,409 12.43%
2016 3,388,553 10.05% 33,435 6.45%
2017 4,240,000 25.1% 41,057 22.8 %
2018 5,423,000 27.9% 52,217 27.2%
2019 6,029,000 11.2% 56,018 7.3%
2020 1,331,000 77.9% 18,346 67.2%

Ground transportation
Tuk-tuks at Phnom Penh International Airport

There are a few options to transfer to or from Phnom Penh International Airport and the city. Outside the arrival hall, passengers can take a taxi provided by the Airport Taxi Association or book a ride from Grab, a ride-hailing app. In April 2018, trains operated by Royal Railway Cambodia began running express from Phnom Penh International Airport (parking area) to Phnom Penh Railway Station (City Center). Trains run every 30 minutes and the journey takes roughly 30 minutes. A one-way trip costs USD$2.50.[56] There is also the city bus and an airport express bus.[57]

Accidents and incidents
  • On 3 December 1973, Douglas DC-3 XW-PHV of Air Union was reported to have crashed shortly after take-off.[58]
  • On 19 January 1975, Douglas C-47A XU-HAK, Douglas DC-3 XU-KAL of Khmer Hansa and Douglas C-47A N86AC of South East Asia Air Transport were all destroyed in a rocket attack on the airport.[59][60][61]
  • On 22 February 1975, Douglas C-47A XU-GAJ of Khmer Hansa was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[62]
  • On 10 March 1975, a Douglas DC-3 of Samaki Airlines was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[63]
  • On 11 March 1975, a Douglas DC-3 of Khmer Hansa was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[64]
  • In March 1975, Vickers Viscount XW-TDN of Royal Air Lao crashed at Phnom Penh International Airport. The pilot was not qualified to fly the aircraft. All four people on board were killed.[65] Accident aircraft also reported as XW-TFK with a date of 15 March.[66]
  • On 11 April 1975, a Douglas DC-3 (possibly XW-PKT) of Sorya Airlines was hit by shrapnel shortly after take-off. The aircraft was destroyed by fire and two of the three occupants were killed.[67] The same day, Douglas C-47B XW-TFB of Air Cambodge was damaged beyond economic repair in a rocket attack.[68]
  • 3 September 1997: Vietnam Airlines Flight 815, operated by a Tupolev Tu-134 crashed on approach to Pochentong Airport, killing 65 of the 66 passengers on board. The aircraft was entirely destroyed. The aircraft was flying from Ho Chi Minh City to Phnom Penh.[69] The Tupolev was approaching the Phnom Penh airport runway in heavy rain from 2,000 meters; at this point the control tower ordered the pilot to attempt an approach from the west due to a wind pick-up. The crew then lost communication with the tower, and three minutes later the aircraft collided at low level with trees, damaging the left wing. The aircraft then slid 200 yards into a dry rice paddy before exploding. Pilot error was later identified as the cause of the crash; the pilot continued his landing descent from an altitude of 2,000 meters to 30 meters even though the runway was not in sight, and ignored pleas from his first officer and flight engineer to turn back. When the aircraft hit the trees, the pilot finally realized the runway was not in sight and tried to abort the approach; the flight engineer pushed for full power, but the aircraft lost control and veered left; the right engine then stalled, making it impossible to gain lift.[70]

Future

In January 2018, the Cambodian government approved a proposal to build a new airport to serve Phnom Penh that will cost an estimated US$1.5 billion.[71] The new international airport will replace the existing Phnom Penh International Airport, with initial plans having the facilities being constructed on partially reclaimed land adjacent to Boueng Cheung Loung, a large lake in Kandal province about 30 kilometres south of Phnom Penh.

Cambodia Airport Investment, a joint venture 90 percent owned by Overseas Cambodia Investment Corporation (OCIC), one of the country’s largest real estate developers, and 10 percent by the government’s State Secretariat of Civil Aviation, plans to invest the $1.5 billion to construct the new airport. The OCIC will invest US$280 million, while unspecified "foreign banks" will provide US$1.1 billion in funding. The OCIC will own 90 per cent of the shares in the completed airport, with the rest going to the SSCA While the construction plans are still in the early stages of development, the 4F class airport will be capable of handling large long-haul aircraft and will reportedly cover an area of around 2,600 hectares, which would make it one of the largest airports in the world.

See also

References
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Bibliography

Media related to Phnom Penh International Airport at Wikimedia Commons

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