Portuguese verb conjugation

Portuguese verbs display a high degree of inflection. A typical regular verb has over fifty different forms, expressing up to six different grammatical tenses and three moods. Two forms are peculiar to Portuguese within the Romance languages:

It has also several verbal periphrases.

Overview

Portuguese verbs have the following properties.

  1. Two numbers—singular, plural
  2. Three persons—first, second, third
  3. Three aspects—perfective, imperfective, progressive*
  4. Two voices—active, passive*
  5. Six morphological forms for tenses, aspects, and/or moods — present, preterite, imperfect, pluperfect, future, and conditional.
  6. Three (or four) moods—indicative, subjunctive, imperative (and conditional, according to some authors)

Classes with an asterisk are entirely periphrastic. The passive voice can be constructed in two different ways. The pluperfect and the future of the indicative mood, as well as the conditional form, are often replaced with other verbal constructions or verbal periphrases in the spoken language.

Basic tenses and moods

Conjugation is demonstrated here with the important irregular verb fazer "to do". The Portuguese names of the tenses (tempos) and moods (modos) are given along with their English translations.

numberpersonIndicative moodConditional[lower-alpha 1]
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfect[lower-alpha 2]Future[lower-alpha 3]
singular 1st façofizfaziafizerafareifaria
2nd fazesfizestefaziasfizerasfarásfarias
3rd fazfezfaziafizerafaráfaria
plural 1st fazemosfizemosfazíamosfizéramosfaremosfaríamos
2nd fazeisfizestesfazíeisfizéreisfareisfaríeis
3rd fazemfizeramfaziamfizeramfarãofariam
numberpersonSubjunctive moodPersonal
infinitive[lower-alpha 4]
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture[lower-alpha 4]
singular 1st façatenha feitofizessetivesse feitofizerfazer
2nd façastenhas feitofizessestivesses feitofizeresfazeres
3rd façatenha feitofizessetivesse feitofizerfazer
plural 1st façamostenhamos feitofizéssemostivéssemos feitofizermosfazermos
2nd façaistenhais feitofizésseistivésseis feitofizerdesfazerdes
3rd façamtenham feitofizessemtivessem feitofizeremfazerem
Imperative mood[lower-alpha 5]Infinitive fazer
2nd pers. sing. faz/faze Past participle feito
3rd pers. sing. faça Present participle faciente
2nd pers. plur. fazei Gerund fazendo

The periphrastic forms are as follows (escrever, "to write"):

Tense Basic Progressive Perfect Perfect progressive
Present escrevo estou escrevendo tenho escrito tenho estado escrevendo
Past escrevi estava escrevendo tinha escrito tinha estado escrevendo
Future escreverei estarei escrevendo terei escrito terei estado escrevendo

Notes

  1. The Portuguese conditional is sometimes replaced with a periphrasis or with the imperfect indicative in the spoken language. Some authors regard it as a mood of its own, others treat it as a tense of the indicative mood.
  2. The pluperfect indicative can also be expressed with an equivalent periphrasis.
  3. The future indicative is usually replaced with a periphrasis or the present indicative in the spoken language.
  4. In regular verbs, the future subjunctive and the personal infinitive are identical.
  5. See the section on the imperative, below.

Description

The tenses correspond to:

  • Present (presente): "I do" or "I am doing".
  • Preterite (pretérito, or pretérito perfeito): "I did" or "I have done".
  • Imperfect (imperfeito, or pretérito imperfeito): "I did", "I used to do", "I was doing".
  • Pluperfect (mais-que-perfeito, or pretérito mais-que-perfeito): "I had done".
  • Future (futuro, or futuro do presente in Brazilian Portuguese): "I will do", "I am going to do".
  • Conditional (condicional, or futuro do pretérito in Brazilian Portuguese): "I would do". Used in some types of conditional sentences, as a form of courtesy, or as a future-in-the-past.

The five non-finite forms generally correspond to:

  • (Impersonal) infinitive (infinitivo, or infinitivo impessoal): equivalent to English "to do".
  • Past participle (particípio, or particípio passado): equivalent to English "done".
  • Present participle (particípio presente): equivalent to English "doing".
  • Gerund (gerúndio): equivalent to English "doing".
  • Personal infinitive (infinitivo pessoal): "(for me) to do", an infinitive which inflects according to its subject; a rare feature that Portuguese shares with Galician.

The moods are used roughly as follows:

  • Indicative (indicativo): for factual statements or positive beliefs. Example of an English equivalent: "I have done".
  • Subjunctive (subjuntivo, or conjuntivo): mostly used when speaking of unreal, uncertain, or unassumed conditions: "Were I to do".
  • Imperative (imperativo): for direct commands or requests; equivalent to the English "Do!"

For the Portuguese personal pronouns (which are omitted whenever they can be inferred from the ending of the conjugated verb or the context), see Portuguese personal pronouns and possessives.

Conjugations

Regular verbs belong to one of three conjugation classes, distinguished by the ending of their infinitive forms (which is also their citation form):

  • Those whose infinitive ends in -ar belong to the first conjugation (e.g. lavar, matar, ladrar);
  • Those whose infinitive ends in -er belong to the second conjugation (e.g. correr, comer, colher);
  • Those whose infinitive ends in -ir belong to the third conjugation (e.g. partir, destruir, urdir);

The verb pôr is conventionally placed in the second conjugation by many authors, since it is derived from Old Portuguese poer (Latin ponere). In any event, this is an irregular verb whose conjugation must be learned on its own. Other verbs with infinitives ending in -or, such as depor, compor, and propor are derivatives of pôr, and are conjugated in the same way.

First conjugation (cantar)

number person Indicative mood Conditional
Present Preterite Imperfect Pluperfect Future
singular 1st canto cantei cantava cantara cantarei cantaria
2nd cantas cantaste cantavas cantaras cantarás cantarias
3rd canta cantou cantava cantara cantará cantaria
plural 1st cantamos cantámosEP
cantamosBP
cantávamos cantáramos cantaremos cantaríamos
2nd cantais cantastes cantáveis cantáreis cantareis cantaríeis
3rd cantam cantaram cantavam cantaram cantarão cantariam
number person Subjunctive mood Personal
infinitive
Present Preterite Imperfect Pluperfect Future
singular 1st cante tenha cantado cantasse tivesse cantado cantar cantar
2nd cantes tenhas cantado cantasses tivesses cantado cantares cantares
3rd cante tenha cantado cantasse tivesse cantado cantar cantar
plural 1st cantemos tenhamos cantado cantássemos tivéssemos cantado cantarmos cantarmos
2nd canteis tenhais cantado cantásseis tivésseis cantado cantardes cantardes
3rd cantem tenham cantado cantassem tivessem cantado cantarem cantarem
Imperative mood Infinitive cantar
2nd pers. sing. canta Past participle cantado
2nd pers. plur. cantai Gerund cantando

Second conjugation (comer)

number person Indicative mood Conditional
Present Preterite Imperfect Pluperfect Future
singular 1st como comi comia comera comerei comeria
2nd comes comeste comias comeras comerás comerias
3rd come comeu comia comera comerá comeria
plural 1st comemos comemos comíamos comêramos comeremos comeríamos
2nd comeis comestes comíeis comêreis comereis comeríeis
3rd comem comeram comiam comeram comerão comeriam
number person Subjunctive mood Personal
infinitive
Present Preterite Imperfect Pluperfect Future
singular 1st coma tenha comido comesse tivesse comido comer comer
2nd comas tenhas comido comesses tivesses comido comeres comeres
3rd coma tenha comido comesse tivesse comido comer comer
plural 1st comamos tenhamos comido comêssemos tivéssemos comido comermos comermos
2nd comais tenhais comido comêsseis tivésseis comido comerdes comerdes
3rd comam tenham comido comessem tivessem comido comerem comerem
Imperative mood Infinitive comer
2nd pers. sing. come Past participle comido
2nd pers. plur. comei Gerund comendo

Third conjugation (partir)

numberpersonIndicative moodConditional
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st partopartipartiapartirapartireipartiria
2nd partespartistepartiaspartiraspartiráspartirias
3rd partepartiupartiapartirapartirápartiria
plural 1st partimospartimospartíamospartíramospartiremospartiríamos
2nd partispartistespartíeispartíreispartireispartiríeis
3rd partempartirampartiampartirampartirãopartiriam
numberpersonSubjunctive moodPersonal
infinitive
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st partatenha partidopartissetivesse partidopartirpartir
2nd partastenhas partidopartissestivesses partidopartirespartires
3rd partatenha partidopartissetivesse partidopartirpartir
plural 1st partamostenhamos partidopartíssemostivéssemos partidopartirmospartirmos
2nd partaistenhais partidopartísseistivésseis partidopartirdespartirdes
3rd partamtenham partidopartissemtivessem partidopartirempartirem
Imperative moodInfinitive partir
2nd pers. sing. parte Past participle partido
2nd pers. plur. parti Gerund partindo

Quick reference

Non-finite forms Imperative
InfinitivePast participlePresent participleGerund
-ar
-er
-ir
-ado
-ido
-ido
-ante
-ente
-inte
-ando
-endo
-indo
(tu) -a
-e
-e
(vós) -ai
-ei
-i
Person Indicative Subjunctive Future subj. or
personal infin.
Present Preterite Imperfect Pluperfect Future Conditional Present Imperfect
eu -o
-o
-o
-ei
-i
-i
-ava
-ia
-ia
-ara
-era
-ira
-arei
-erei
-irei
-aria
-eria
-iria
-e
-a
-a
-asse
-esse
-isse
-ar
-er
-ir
tu -as
-es
-es
-aste
-este
-iste
-avas
-ias
-ias
-aras
-eras
-iras
-arás
-erás
-irás
-arias
-erias
-irias
-es
-as
-as
-asses
-esses
-isses
-ares
-eres
-ires
ele/ela -a
-e
-e
-ou
-eu
-iu
-ava
-ia
-ia
-ara
-era
-ira
-ará
-erá
-irá
-aria
-eria
-iria
-e
-a
-a
-asse
-esse
-isse
-ar
-er
-ir
nós -amos
-emos
-imos
-ámosEP/-amosBP
-emos
-imos
-ávamos
-íamos
-íamos
-áramos
-êramos
-íramos
-aremos
-eremos
-iremos
-aríamos
-eríamos
-iríamos
-emos
-amos
-amos
-ássemos
-êssemos
-íssemos
-armos
-ermos
-irmos
vós -ais
-eis
-is
-astes
-estes
-istes
-áveis
-íeis
-íeis
-áreis
-êreis
-íreis
-areis
-ereis
-ireis
-aríeis
-eríeis
-iríeis
-eis
-ais
-ais
-ásseis
-êsseis
-ísseis
-ardes
-erdes
-irdes
eles/elas -am
-em
-em
-aram
-eram
-iram
-avam
-iam
-iam
-aram
-eram
-iram
-arão
-erão
-irão
-ariam
-eriam
-iriam
-em
-am
-am
-assem
-essem
-issem
-arem
-erem
-irem

Important irregular verbs

The following irregular verbs are used as auxiliary verbs in various periphrastic constructions.

ter – to have

numberpersonIndicative moodConditional
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st tenhotivetinhativeratereiteria
2nd tenstivestetinhastiverasterásterias
3rd temtevetinhativerateráteria
plural 1st temostivemostínhamostivéramosteremosteríamos
2nd tendestivestestínheistivéreistereisteríeis
3rd têmtiveramtinhamtiveramterãoteriam
numberpersonSubjunctive moodPersonal
infinitive
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st tenhatenha tidotivessetivesse tidotiverter
2nd tenhastenhas tidotivessestivesses tidotiveresteres
3rd tenhatenha tidotivessetivesse tidotiverter
plural 1st tenhamostenhamos tidotivéssemostivéssemos tidotivermostermos
2nd tenhaistenhais tidotivésseistivésseis tidotiverdesterdes
3rd tenhamtenham tidotivessemtivessem tidotiveremterem
Imperative moodInfinitive ter
2nd pers. sing. tem Past participle tido
2nd pers. plur. tende Gerund tendo

estar – to be

numberpersonIndicative moodConditional
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st estouestiveestavaestiveraestareiestaria
2nd estásestivesteestavasestiverasestarásestarias
3rd estáesteveestavaestiveraestaráestaria
plural 1st estamosestivemosestávamosestivéramosestaremosestaríamos
2nd estaisestivestesestáveisestivéreisestareisestaríeis
3rd estãoestiveramestavamestiveramestarãoestariam
numberpersonSubjunctive moodPersonal
infinitive
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st estejatenha estadoestivessetivesse estadoestiverestar
2nd estejastenhas estadoestivessestivesses estadoestiveresestares
3rd estejatenha estadoestivessetivesse estadoestiverestar
plural 1st estejamostenhamos estadoestivéssemostivéssemos estadoestivermosestarmos
2nd estejaistenhais estadoestivésseistivésseis estadoestiverdesestardes
3rd estejamtenham estadoestivessemtivessem estadoestiveremestarem
Imperative moodInfinitive estar
2nd pers. sing. está Past participle estado
2nd pers. plur. estai Gerund estando

ser – to be

numberpersonIndicative moodConditional
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st soufuieraforasereiseria
2nd ésfosteerasforasserásserias
3rd éfoieraforaseráseria
plural 1st somosfomoséramosfôramosseremosseríamos
2nd soisfosteséreisfôreissereisseríeis
3rd sãoforameramforamserãoseriam
numberpersonSubjunctive moodPersonal
infinitive
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st sejatenha sidofossetivesse sidoforser
2nd sejastenhas sidofossestivesses sidoforesseres
3rd sejatenha sidofossetivesse sidoforser
plural 1st sejamostenhamos sidofôssemostivéssemos sidoformossermos
2nd sejaistenhais sidofôsseistivésseis sidofordesserdes
3rd sejamtenham sidofossemtivessem sidoforemserem
Imperative moodInfinitive ser
2nd pers. sing. Past participle sido
3rd pers. sing. seja Present participle ente
2nd pers. plur. sede Gerund sendo

haver – to have, to happen, there to be

numberpersonIndicative moodConditional
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st heihouvehaviahouverahavereihaveria
2nd háshouvestehaviashouverashaveráshaverias
3rd houvehaviahouverahaveráhaveria
plural 1st havemos
hemos (archaic)
houvemoshavíamoshouvéramoshaveremoshaveríamos
2nd haveis
heis (archaic)
houvesteshavíeishouvéreishavereishaveríeis
3rd hãohouveramhaviamhouveramhaverãohaveriam
numberpersonSubjunctive moodPersonal
infinitive
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st hajatenha havidohouvessetivesse havidohouverhaver
2nd hajastenhas havidohouvessestivesses havidohouvereshaveres
3rd hajatenha havidohouvessetivesse havidohouverhaver
plural 1st hajamostenhamos havidohouvéssemostivéssemos havidohouvermoshavermos
2nd hajaistenhais havidohouvésseistivésseis havidohouverdeshaverdes
3rd hajamtenham havidohouvessemtivessem havidohouveremhaverem
Imperative moodInfinitive haver
2nd pers. sing. Past participle havido
2nd pers. plur. havei Gerund havendo

pôr - to put

numberpersonIndicative moodConditional
PresentPreteriteImperfectPluperfectFuture
singular 1st ponhopuspunhapuseraporeiporia
2nd põespusestepunhaspuserasporásporias
3rd põepôspunhapuseraporáporia
plural 1st pomospusemospunhamospuséramosporemosporíamos
2nd pondespusestespunheispuséreisporeisporíeis
3rd põempuserampunhampuseramporãoporiam
Imperative moodInfinitive pôr
2nd pers. sing. põe Past participle posto
2nd pers. plur. ponde Gerund pondo

Conditional and future

There are few irregular verbs for these tenses (only dizer, fazer, trazer, and their compounds – also haver, ter, ser, ir, pôr, estar, etc. – for the subjunctive future imperfect). The indicative future imperfect, conditional, and subjunctive future imperfect are formed by adding to the infinitive of the verb the indicative present inflections of the auxiliary verb haver (dropping the h and av), the 2nd/3rd conjugation endings of the preterite, imperfect, and the personal infinitive endings, respectively. Thus, for the majority of verbs, the simple personal infinitive coincides with subjunctive future.

Imperative

The affirmative imperative for second person pronouns tu and vós is obtained from the present indicative, by deletion of the final -s (in some cases, an accent mark must be added to the vowel which precedes it). For other persons, and for negative clauses, the present subjunctive takes the role of imperative.

Pronunciation of present inflections

In the present tense, the stress fluctuates between the root and the termination. As a rule of thumb, the last radical vowel (the one that can be stressed) will retain its original pronunciation when unstressed (atonic) and change into [a], [e/ɛ] (subjunctive or indicative 1st pers sing/infinitive), or [o/ɔ] (subjunctive or indicative 1st pers sing/infinitive) – depending on the vowel in question – in case it is stressed (is in a tonic syllable). Other vowels (u, i) and nasalized vowels (before closed syllables) stay unchanged, as well as the verbs with the diphthongs -ei, -eu, -oi, -ou; they always keep a closed-mid pronunciation; e.g. deixo /ej/ (deixar), endeuso /ew/ (endeusar), açoito /oj/ (açoitar), roubo /ow/ (roubar), etc. Alternation in stem-stressed forms is blocked in Brazil when a nasal consonant (/m/, /n/ or /ɲ/) follows, in which case the higher alternant (i.e. /ɐ/, /e/ or /o/) is used in all forms. For example, in the verb comer, all of the forms como, comes, come, comem have /o/ in Brazil, but not in Portugal.

Example: Consider the conjugation of correr (analogous to comer, presented above) in the Indicative Present Simple. The first-person singular corro has [o] in the stressed vowel, while other forms corres, corre, correm have [ɔ].

In Brazil, the following difference applies: Stem-unstressed forms consistently have /o/ or /e/ for most speakers in most verbs, but there are exceptions, with some dialects (e.g. northeastern Brazilian dialects) likely to present an open form /ɔ/ or /ɛ/. At times, the difference is not particularly clear, producing [o̞], [e̞], particularly in transition zones like the states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais and the Brazilian Federal District, unless vowel harmony is involved (e.g. comove "move, touch (emotionally)" [kɔˈmɔvi]).

This also has repercussions in the imperative and present subjunctive, for their inflections are constructed from the indicative present simple and indicative present simple in the 1st singular person respectively.

Verbs pelar, amar and rendar

number person Present
pelar
[pɨˈlaɾ]
[peˈlaʁ]
amar
[ɐˈmaɾ]
[aˈmaʁ]
rendar
ˈdaɾ]
ˈdaʁ]
Indicative Subjunctive Imperative Indicative Subjunctive Imperative Indicative Subjunctive Imperative
singular 1st pelo
[ˈpɛlu]
[ˈpɛlʊ]
pele
[ˈpɛlɨ]
[ˈpɛlɪ]
N/A amo
ɐmu]
ɐ̃mʊ]
ame
ɐmɨ]
ɐ̃mɪ]
N/A rendo
[ˈʁdu]
[ˈʁdʊ]
rende
[ˈʁdɨ]
[ˈʁdᶾɪ]
N/A
2nd pelas
[ˈpɛlɐʃ]
[ˈpɛlɐs]
peles
[ˈpɛlɨʃ]
[ˈpɛlɪs]
pela
[ˈpɛlɐ]
amas
ɐmɐʃ]
ɐ̃mɐs]
ames
ɐmɨʃ]
ɐ̃mɪs]
ama
ɐmɐ]
ɐ̃mɐ]
rendas
[ˈʁdɐʃ]
[ˈʁdɐs]
rendes
[ˈʁdɨʃ]
[ˈʁdᶾɪs]
renda
[ˈʁdɐ]
3rd pela
[ˈpɛlɐ]
pele
[ˈpɛlɨ]
[ˈpɛlɪ]
ama
ɐmɐ]
ɐ̃mɐ]
ame
ɐmɨ]
ɐ̃mɪ]
renda
[ˈʁdɐ]
[ˈʁdɐ]
rende
[ˈʁdɨ]
[ˈʁdᶾɪ]
plural 1st pelamos
[pɨˈlɐmuʃ]
[peˈlɐ̃mʊs]
pelemos
[pɨˈlemuʃ]
[peˈlẽmʊs]
amamos
[ɐˈmɐmuʃ]
[aˈmɐ̃mʊs]
amemos
[ɐˈmemuʃ]
[aˈmẽmʊs]
rendamos
ˈdɐmuʃ]
ˈdɐ̃mʊs]
rendemos
ˈdemuʃ]
ˈdẽmʊs]
2nd pelais
[pɨˈlajʃ]
[peˈlajs]
peleis
[pɨˈlejʃ ~ pɨˈlɐjʃ]
[peˈlejs]
pelai
[pɨˈlaj]
[peˈlaj]
amais
[ɐˈmajʃ]
[aˈmajs]
ameis
[ɐˈmejʃ ~ ɐˈmɐjʃ]
[aˈmejs]
amai
[ɐˈmaj]
[aˈmaj]
rendais
ˈdajʃ]
ˈdajs]
rendeis
ˈdejʃ ~ ʁˈdɐjʃ]
ˈdejs]
rendai
ˈdaj]
3rd pelam
[ˈpɛlɐ̃w̃]
pelem
[ˈpɛlẽj̃ ~ ˈpɛlɐ̃j̃]
[ˈpɛlẽj̃]
amam
ɐmɐ̃w̃]
ɐ̃mɐ̃w̃]
amem
ɐmẽj̃ ~ ˈɐmɐ̃j̃]
ɐ̃mẽj̃]
rendam
[ˈʁdɐ̃w̃]
rendem
[ˈʁdẽj̃ ~ ˈʁdɐ̃j̃]
[ˈʁdẽj̃]

Verbs correr, comer, romper and absorver

number person Present
correr
[kuˈʁeɾ]
[koˈʁeʁ]
temer
[tɨˈmeɾ]
[teˈmeʁ]
vender
[vˈdeɾ]
[vˈdeʁ]
Indicative Subjunctive Imperative Indicative Subjunctive Imperative Indicative Subjunctive Imperative
singular 1st corro
[ˈkoʁu]
[ˈkoʁʊ]
corra
[ˈkoʁɐ]
N/A temo
[ˈtemu]
[ˈtmʊ]
tema
[ˈtemɐ]
[ˈtmɐ]
N/A vendo
[ˈvdu]
[ˈvdʊ]
venda
[ˈvdɐ]
N/A
2nd corres
[ˈkɔʁɨʃ]
[ˈkɔʁɪs]
corras
[ˈkoʁɐʃ]
[ˈkoʁɐs]
corre
[ˈkɔʁɨ]
[ˈkɔʁɪ]
temes
[ˈtɛmɨʃ]
[ˈtmɪs]
temas
[ˈtemɐʃ]
[ˈtmɐs]
teme
[ˈtɛmɨ]
[ˈtmɪ]
vendes
[ˈvdɨʃ]
[ˈvdᶾɪs]
vendas
[ˈvdɐʃ]
[ˈvdɐs]
vende
[ˈvdɨ]
[ˈvdɪ]
3rd corre
[ˈkɔʁɨ]
[ˈkɔʁɪ]
corra
[ˈkoʁɐ]
teme
[ˈtɛmɨ]
[ˈtmɪ]
tema
[ˈtemɐ]
[ˈtmɐ]
vende
[ˈvdɨ]
[ˈvdᶾɪ]
venda
[ˈvdɐ]
plural 1st corremos
[kuˈʁemuʃ]
[koˈʁẽmʊs]
corramos
[kuˈʁɐmuʃ]
[koˈʁɐ̃mʊs]
tememos
[tɨˈmemuʃ]
[teˈmẽmʊs]
temamos
[tɨˈmɐmuʃ]
[teˈmɐ̃mʊs]
vendemos
[vˈdemuʃ]
[vˈdẽmʊs]
vendamos
[vˈdɐmuʃ]
[vˈdɐ̃mʊs]
2nd correis
[kuˈʁejʃ ~ kuˈʁɐjʃ]
[koˈʁejs]
corrais
[kuˈʁajʃ]
[ˈkoˈʁajs]
correi
[kuˈʁej ~ kuˈʁɐj]
[koˈʁej]
temeis
[tɨˈmejʃ ~ tɨˈmɐjʃ]
[teˈmejs]
temais
[tɨˈmajʃ]
[teˈmajs]
temei
[tɨˈmej ~ tɨˈmɐj]
[teˈmej]
vendeis
[vˈdejʃ ~ vˈdɐjʃ]
[vˈdejs]
vendais
[vˈdajʃ]
[vˈdajs]
vendei
[vˈdej ~ vˈdɐj]
[vˈdej]
3rd correm
[ˈkɔʁẽj̃ ~ ˈkɔʁɐ̃j̃]
[ˈkɔʁẽj̃]
corram
[ˈkoʁɐ̃w̃]
temem
[ˈtɛmẽj̃ ~ ˈtɛmɐ̃j̃]
[ˈtmẽj̃]
temam
[ˈtemɐ̃w̃]
[ˈtmɐ̃w̃]
vendem
[ˈvdẽj̃ ~ ˈvdɐ̃j̃]
[ˈvdẽj̃]
vendam
[ˈvdɐ̃w̃]

    Verbs dormir, banir and sentir

    number person Present
    dormir
    [duɾˈmiɾ]
    [doʁˈmiʁ]
    banir
    [bɐˈniɾ]
    [baˈniʁ]
    sentir
    [sˈtiɾ]
    [sˈtᶴiʁ]
    Indicative Subjunctive Imperative Indicative Subjunctive Imperative Indicative Subjunctive Imperative
    singular 1st durmo
    [ˈduɾmu]
    [ˈduʁmʊ]
    durma
    [ˈduɾmɐ]
    [ˈduʁmɐ]
    N/A bano
    [ˈbɐnu]
    [ˈbɐ̃nʊ]
    bana
    [ˈbɐnɐ]
    [ˈbɐ̃nɐ]
    N/A sinto
    [ˈsĩtu]
    [ˈsĩtʊ]
    sinta
    [ˈsĩtɐ]
    N/A
    2nd dormes
    [ˈdɔɾmɨʃ]
    [ˈdɔʁmɪs]
    durmas
    [ˈduɾmɐʃ]
    [ˈduʁmɐs]
    dorme
    [ˈdɔɾmɨ]
    [ˈdɔʁmɪ]
    banes
    [ˈbɐnɨʃ]
    [ˈbɐ̃nɪs]
    banas
    [ˈbɐnɐʃ]
    [ˈbɐ̃nɐs]
    bane
    [ˈbɐnɨ]
    [ˈbɐ̃nɪ]
    sentes
    [ˈstɨʃ]
    [ˈstᶴis]
    sintas
    [ˈsĩtɐʃ]
    [ˈsĩtɐs]
    sente
    [ˈstɨ]
    [ˈstᶴi]
    3rd dorme
    [ˈdɔɾmɨ]
    [ˈdɔʁmɪ]
    durma
    [ˈduʁmɐ]
    [ˈduʁmɐ]
    bane
    [ˈbɐnɨ]
    [ˈbɐ̃nɪ]
    bana
    [ˈbɐnɐ]
    [ˈbɐ̃nɐ]
    sente
    [ˈstɨ]
    [ˈstᶴi]
    sinta
    [ˈsĩtɐ]
    plural 1st dormimos
    [duɾˈmimuʃ]
    [dɔʁˈmĩmʊs]
    durmamos
    [duɾˈmɐmuʃ]
    [duʁˈmɐ̃mʊs]
    banimos
    [bɐˈnimuʃ]
    [baˈnĩmʊs]
    banamos
    [bɐˈnɐmuʃ]
    [baˈnɐ̃mʊs]
    sentimos
    [sˈtimuʃ]
    [sˈtᶴĩmʊs]
    sintamos
    [sĩˈtɐmuʃ]
    [sĩˈtɐ̃mʊs]
    2nd dormis
    [duɾˈmiʃ]
    [doʁˈmis]
    durmais
    [duɾˈmajʃ]
    [duʁˈmajs]
    dormi
    [duɾˈmi]
    [doʁˈmi]
    banis
    [bɐˈniʃ]
    [baˈnis]
    banais
    [bɐˈnajʃ]
    [baˈnajs]
    bani
    [bɐˈni]
    [baˈni]
    sentis
    [sˈtiʃ]
    [sˈtᶴis]
    sintais
    [sĩˈtajʃ]
    [sĩˈtajs]
    senti
    [sˈti]
    [sˈtᶴi]
    3rd dormem
    [ˈdɔɾmẽj̃ ~ ˈdɔɾmɐ̃j̃]
    [ˈdɔʁmẽj̃]
    durmam
    [ˈduɾmɐ̃w̃]
    [ˈduʁmɐ̃w̃]
    banem
    [ˈbɐnẽj̃ ~ ˈbɐnɐ̃j̃]
    [ˈbɐ̃nẽj̃]
    banam
    [ˈbɐnɐ̃w̃]
    [ˈbɐ̃nɐ̃w̃]
    sentem
    [ˈstẽj̃ ~ ˈstɐ̃j̃]
    [ˈstẽj̃]
    sintam
    [ˈsĩtɐ̃w̃]

    See also

    References

      • Cook, Manuela (2013). "Portuguese Pronouns and Other Forms of Address, from the Past into the Future — Structural, Semantic and Pragmatic Reflections". Ellipsis. 11. doi:10.21471/jls.v11i0.84.
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