Princely houses of Poland and Lithuania

The princely houses of Poland and Lithuania differed from other princely houses in Europe. Most importantly, Polish nobility (szlachta) could not be granted nobility titles by the Polish kings in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Therefore, the title of prince either dated to the times before the Union of Lublin, which created the Commonwealth in 1569, or was granted to some nobles (usually magnates) by foreign kings. Due to the longstanding history of common statehood, some noble families often described as "Polish" actually originated in Grand Duchy of Lithuania and are of Lithuanian or Ruthenian descent. Some houses are more correctly described as being of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

King of Poland in tournament attire, ca. 1433-1435

Kingdom of Poland

#NameCoat of ArmsTitle recognitionRemarks
Royal Houses
1Piast dynasty c. 960

The first historical dynasty prevailing in Poland from about 960 to 1370. Their progenitor, the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright, son of Chościsko, came from Gniezno. According to the chronicles of Gallus Anonymus, the son of Piast the Wheelwright and his wife RzepichaSiemowit, became the first ruler of the Piast dynasty. Followed by Lestek and Siemomysł. The first ruler of the Piast dynasty and Civitas Schinesghe (the first recorded name related to Poland as a political entity), who historically is not questioned, was Mieszko I of Poland.

died out in 1370 in the Kingdom of Poland with the death of king Casimir III the Great; the last Silesian Piasts, who formed the oldest branch of the first Polish royal Piast dynasty, were George William, Duke of Liegnitz in 1675, and the last Silesian Piast female was Karolina, Duchess of Liegnitz-Brieg-Wohlau in 1707, in the Duchies of Silesia
2Jagiellonian dynasty 1386

Princely (grand ducal) roots of this family are older, but only connected with Lithuania. Previously also known as the Gediminid dynasty in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The dynasty takes its name from Władysław II Jagiełło who was the Grand Duke of Lithuania between 1377–1434 and then alongside his wife queen regnant Jadwiga of Poland (reign 1384-1399) became king of Poland between 1386–1434.

died out in 1596

Duchy of Pomerania

#NameCoat of ArmsTitle recognitionRemarks
Dukes of Pomerania
1House of Griffins 1106 died out in 1660
2House of Sobiesław 1227 died out in 1317 (Duchy of Pomerelia)

Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

#NameCoat of ArmsTitle recognitionEstatesRemarks
"Ancient" Princely Houses (Rody „stare”)
1Olelkowicz 1569 Duchy of Kopylsko-Słuck title expired in 1592
2Ostrogski 1569 Ordynacja and Duchy of Ostroróg, Jarosław, Tarnów title expired in 1620
4 Borkowski 1499 Duchy of Samogitia[1] family exists
5Borowski ~1528 Princely family of Rurikid origin, Kniaz, Kśiestwo Żmudzkie family exists [2]
6Zasławski 1569 Duchy of Zasław, Ordynacja and Duchy of Ostroróg title expired in 1682
7Zbaraski 1569 Duchy of Zbaraż title expired in 1631
8Wiśniowiecki 1569 Duchy of Wiśniowiec, Duchy of Łubniów, Duchy of Zbaraż title expired in 1744
9Korecki 1569 Duchy of Korets title expired in 1651
10Sanguszko 1569 Duchy of Koszyrsk, Ordynacja Ostrogska, Duchy of Zasław family exists
11Czartoryski 1569 Duchy of Czartorysk, Duchy of Klewań, Puławy, Sieniawa family exists
12Czetwertyński 1569 Duchy of Czetwertynia family exists
13Radziwiłł 1569 Duchy of Birżańsk, Ordynacja and Duchy of Nieświez, Duchy of Dubienica,
Ordynacja and Duchy of Ołyka, Ordynacja Kleck, Duchy of Kopylsko-Słuck
family exists
"New" Princely Houses (Rody „nowe”)
14Lubomirski 1682 Wiśnicz, Kolbuszowa, Jarosław, Przeworsk, Ordynacja Ostrogska family exists
15Poniatowski 1764 Wołczyn family exists
16Sapieha 1768 Różana, Kodeń, Horki, Zelwa family exists
Princes of the Partition Sejm
17Poniński 1773 Września title expired in 1920
18Sułkowski 1774 Leszno, Ordynacja Rydzyńska family exists
19Jabłonowski 1775 Duchy of Ostrog title expired in 1926
20Massalski (Hetmans-Bishops line) 1775 Lachowicze, Mysz, Werki, Druja title expired in 1794
Ordynacja families
21Zamoyski (Hetman line) 1588 Ordynacja Zamojska, Szarogród title expired in 1665
22Zamoyski (Younger line) 1676 Ordynacja Zamojska family exists
23Gonzaga-Myszkowski 1601 Ordynacja Pińczowska title expired in 1727
24Gonzaga-Myszkowski-Wielopolski 1729 Ordynacja Pińczowska family exists
Lords of Principalities
25Potocki family 1696 Duchy of Zbaraz family exists
26Mniszech 1744 Duchy of Wiśniowiec died out in 1905
Royal Houses
27Sobieski 1674 Żółkiew died out in 1737
28Leszczyński 1705 Leszno died out in 1766
Dukes of Polish fiefs
29Hohenzollern 1525 Duchy of Prussia, Lębork, Bytów, Taurogi, Sereje family exists
30Kettler 1561 Duchy of Courland and Semigallia title expired in 1737
31Movilești (Mohyłowie) 1595 Principality of Moldavia, Wielkie Oczy title expired, family exists in Ukraine and Western Russia
32Wettin 1759 Duchy of Courland and Semigallia title expired in 1763, family exists
33Biron 1737 Duchy of Courland and Semigallia family exists
Clergy Princes
34Bishops of Gniezno traditionally Duchy of Łowicz liquidated in 1795
35Bishops of Krakow traditionally Duchy of Siewierz liquidated in 1790
36Bishops of Warmia traditionally Duchy of Warmia liquidated in 1772
37Bishops of Płock traditionally Duchy of Pułtusk liquidated in 1795
38Provost of Płock traditionally Duchy of Sieluń liquidated in 1790

Old Lithuanian Gediminid and Ruthenian (Rurikid) Princely Houses

#NameCoat of ArmsRemarks
Princely Houses
1Giedroyć family exists
2Światopełk-Mirski family exists
3Drucki Branches: Druccy-Sokoliński, Drucki-Konopla, Drucki-Ozierecki,
Drucki-Pryhabski, Drucki-Horski, Drucki-Tołoczyński, Drucki-Lubecki
family exists
4Rużyński died out in the 17th century
5Kurcewicz family exists
6Połubiński family exists
7Łukomski family exists
8Ostrożecki died out
9Zasławski family exists
10Porycki died out in 1637. Princes of Ruthenian (Ukrainian) origin in the Korybut clan.
12Żyżemski perhaps died out
13Hołowczyński died out in 1658
14Szujski died out in 1658
15Holszański died out
16Szemiot / Szameit family exists
17Pac died out in 1835
17Świrski family exists
18Fedorowicz / Fiedorowicz family exists
19Gliński died out

Princely Houses with Tatar origin [3]

Ahmetowicz, Achmetowicz, Adamowicz, Aksak, Axak, Apanowicz-Białobłocki, Assanczukowicz, Assanowicz, Bahryński, Bartoszewicz, Begimowicz, Berbasz, Bierbasz, Birbasz, Bohdanowicz, Bułhak, Chazbiejewicz, Dawidowicz, Fursowicz, Gliński, Grocholski, Haraburda, Jachicz, Juchowski, Jurewicz, Juszyński, Kadyszewicz Kejdysz, Kambułatowicz, Karaczewicz, Kasymowicz, Kieński, Kiński, Kordysz, Korycki, Korzon, Kotłubaj, Kryczyński, Lebiedziewski, Lipski, Łostajski, Łowczycki, Malibakszycz, Maluszycki, Małyszycki, Maślakiewicz, Minbułatowicz, Najman-Kadyszewicz, Niekraszewicz, Nowosielski, Obulewicz, Okęcki, Ostryński, Petyhorski, Piotrowski, Puński, Rodkiewicz-Szpakowski, Rudnicki, Sayna-Kryczyński, Siehdziński, Skirmunt, Smólski, Sołtan, Starzyński, Sulimanowicz, Sulkiewicz, Szymkowicz, Szyryński, Talkowski, Tarak-Buczacki, Taraszewski, Tuhan-Baranowski, Ułan, Ułan-Maluszycki, Waliła-Łowczycki, Zawacki, Zackiewicz-Sulimanowicz.

These princely houses lived like average rich nobility, but sometimes part of these lived like peasants.

Princely titles granted by foreign monarchs

#NameCoat of ArmsTitle recognitionCountryRemarks
Princely Houses
1Saszowski von Saszow (historically equally spelt Szassowski, Szaszowski, Schaschowsky) before 1380 Holy Roman Empire; ancient nobility (German Uradel) family of German princely house origin, German title Fürsten (Latin Princeps).[4] Its family descendants extended from their German origin to Upper Hungary during the High Middle Ages and arrived in the Duchy of Silesia during the 14th century.[4][5] During the 16th century the family were also appointed the Burgraves of Kraków (Poland's former capital) and Wawel Royal Castle.[6][7] Branches of the Silesian House of Saszowski von Saszow: Saszowski-Palczowski (Palczewski), Saszowski-Gierałtowski (Geraltowski/Geraltowsky).[4][5] family exists
2Czartoryski 1433[8] Holy Roman Empire

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists
3Radziwiłł 1515/18 and 1547 Holy Roman Empire

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists
4Ossoliński 1633, 1634, 1736 Papal States, Holy Roman Empire, France entitled family lines died out
5Denhoff 1637 Holy Roman Empire entitled family line died out
6Koniecpolski 1637 Holy Roman Empire entitled family line died out
7Lubomirski 1647 Holy Roman Empire, family exists
8Jabłonowski 1698, 1733/34, 1743 Holy Roman Empire entitled family line died out
9Sapieha/Sapieha-Rożański/Sapieha-Kodeński 1700 Holy Roman Empire

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists
10Sułkowski 1752 Holy Roman Empire family exists
11Lichnowski 1773 Prussia family exists
12Poniatowski 1765, 1847, 1850 Austro-Hungarian Monarchy (Bohemian title of Prince),
Grand Duchy of Tuscany, Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
family exists
13Zajączek 1818 Russia title expired in 1826
14Łowicki 1820 Russia

An additional title of prince donated to the wife of Grand Duke Konstantin and for their descendants

there were not children from this marriage. The title was expired
15Radoliński 1888 Prussia family exists
16Wołodkowicz 1903 Russia

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists, the title may also be inherited through the females of the french line

Principality of Mińkowce (1772-1832)

#NameCoat of ArmsTitle recognitionRemarks
Princely Houses
1Ścibor-Marchocki 1772 family exists

Kingdom of Poland (Congress Poland)

#NameCoat of ArmsTitle recognitionRemarks
Princely Houses
1Światopełk-Mirski 1821

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists
2Puzyna 1823

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists
3Żeleński 1823

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists
4Ogiński 1824

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists
5Woroniecki/Korybut-Woroniecki 1844 and 1852

A confirmation of the old princely title

family exists

See also

References

  1. "The Titled Families of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Polish Genealogical Society of America". pgsa.org. Retrieved 2017-07-05.
  2. Borowscy książęta. Kniaź Wołodimir Andrejewicz Chrobry, żonaty z He- leną, córką Olgerda, wnuk w. ks. moskiewskiego Iwana Danifowicza Kalety, pozostawił pięciu synów, z których Semen otrzymał Horowsk. Czy jednak książęta Borowscy, zjawiający się na Litwie, pochodzą od niego, trudno o tym orzec coś stanowczego, skoro Borowsk przeszedł następnie w posiadanie synowców Semena, a synów Jarosława; stanowisko zaś, jakie zajmowali na Litwie kniaziowie Borowscy, tak jest różne od stanowiska potomków Jarosława, brata Semena, że prędzej należy przypuścić, iż litewscy kniaziowie Borowscy stanowią zubożałą odrośl jednej z licznych kniaziowskich rodzin, o pochodzeniu których nic nie wiemy. Z kniaziów Borowskich spotykamy na Litwie kniazia Bohdana, który ma sprawę z Chłupiniczami w 1499 roku i kniazia Juriego, męża Barbary, córki Marcina Jurłowa, który w 1542 r. ma sprawę z kniaziem Illnszonką o dom w Wilnie (ML G i 32). Kniaź Juri, pomimo że nabył w 1547 r. od Chodkiewicza różne majątki, nie musiał być bogatym, skoro pełnił obowiązki marszałka dworu Hlebowicza, wojewody wileńskiego (ML 48 I 62). Kniaź Juri Borowski pozostawił syna Lwa i córkę Helenę, która w 1570 roku była żoną Hieronima Kwileckiego (ML 51). Kniaź Lew Juriewicz Borowski z synami, Janem i Mikołajem, I córką Maryną, żoną Stanisława Burby, wnosi skargę w 1599 r. na (jintowta o za- branie spadku, który im się po Podbercskim przynależał (Akta T. YIII).* https://archive.org/stream/poczetrodwwwie00boniuoft/poczetrodwwwie00boniuoft_djvu.txt source: Adam Boniecki: Poczet Rodów w Wielkim księstwie Litewskim
  3. http://www.genpol.com/module-subjects-printpage-pageid-37-scope-all.html
  4. Okolski, Szymon (1641–45). Orbis Polonus splendoribus coeli, triumphis mundi, pulchritudine animantium condecoratus, in quo antiqua Sarmatorum gentiliata pervetusta nobilitatis insignia etc. specificantur et relucent [Polish Encyclopedia of the ancient Sarmatian families, the history of the coats of arms of the nobles of Poland old and new, their origin as awards for honorable deeds & the arms themselves specifically described and emblazoned] (in Latin). III. Kraków: In Officina Typographica Francisci Cæsarii. pp. 94–98.
  5. Sinapius, Johannes (1720). Schlesische Curiositäten, darinnen die ansehnlichen Geschlechter des Schlesischen Adels mit Erzehlung des Ursprungs, der Wappen, Genealogien (etc.) [Silesian curiosities, containing eminent families of the Silesian nobility with narratives of origin, the coat of arms, genealogies (etc.)] (in German). I. Leipzig: Verlag des Autoris. pp. 389–390.
  6. Dokumenty pergaminowe Oddziału I Archiwum Państwowego w Krakowie do 1600 r. (Parchments until 1600, Department of State Archives in Krakow); Data (Date): 1569.07.11, Miejsce (Place): Lublin, Sygnatura (Signature): W 028. Archived 2014-02-01 at the Wayback Machine
  7. Paprockiego, Bartosza (1584). Herby rycerstwa polskiego [Armorials of Polish Knights] (in Polish). Kraków: Wydawnictwa Biblioteki Polskiej. pp. LXXXIII & CVII, 710-711 & 891.
  8. Czartoryski at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
  • Konarski S., 1958, Armorial de la noblesse polonaise titrée, Paris.
  • Kowalski M., 2007, Księstwa w przestrzeni politycznej I Rzeczpospolitej, [w:] I. Kiniorska, S. Sala (red.), Rola geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej w badaniach regionalnych, Instytut Geografii AŚ, PTG, Kielce, 2007, s. 177-186.
  • Leitgeber S., 1993, Nowy Almanach Błękitny, Oficyna Wydawnicza „Audiutor”, Poznań-Warszawa.
  • Olszewski H., 1969, Ustrój polityczny Rzeczpospolitej (w:) Tazbir J. (red.), Polska XVII wieku – państwo, społeczeństwo, kultura. Wiedza Powszechna, Warszawa, s. 52-83
  • Niesiecki K., Herbarz Polski (Polish Armorial) full title: "Korona Polska przy złotey wolnosci starożytnemi Rycerstwa Polskiego y Wielkiego Xięstwa Litewskiego kleynotami naywyższymi Honorami Heroicznym, Męstwem y odwagą, Wytworną Nauką a naypierwey Cnotą, nauką Pobożnością, y Swiątobliwością ozdobiona Potomnym zaś wiekom na zaszczyt y nieśmiertelną sławę Pamiętnych w tey Oyczyźnie Synow podana TOM ... Przez X. Kaspra Niesieckego Societatis Jesu", Lwów, 1738.

"Korona Polska..." vol. 1 "Korona Polska..." vol. 2 "Korona Polska..." vol. 3 "Korona Polska..." vol. 4 edition expanded by other authors: Herbarz Polski... vol. 4-10, published by Jan Nepomucen de Bobrowicz, Leipzig, 1841

  • Jasienica P., Myśli o dawnej Polsce, Warszawa: Czytelnik, 1990, ISBN 83-07-01957-5, OCLC 69526168
  • Klubówna A., Królowa Jadwiga. Warszawa 1986
  • Tęgowski J., Krąg rodzinny Jarosława Bogorii (w:) Genealogia – polska elita polityczna na tle porównawczym, Toruń 1993
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