Rhinolophus hilli

Rhinolophus hilli, Hill's horseshoe bat, is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is endemic to Rwanda. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, caves, and subterranean habitats (other than caves). In 2013, Bat Conservation International listed this species as one of the 35 species of its worldwide priority list of conservation.[1] It is threatened by habitat loss.

For the species found in Cameroon, Guinea, Liberia, and Nigeria called Hill's horseshoe bat, see Rhinolophus hillorum

Rhinolophus hilli
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Rhinolophidae
Genus: Rhinolophus
Species:
R. hilli
Binomial name
Rhinolophus hilli
Aellen, 1973
Hill's horseshoe bat range

Taxonomy

As the genus Rhinolophus is quite speciose, it is split into groups. Maclaud's horseshoe bat is the identifier of one of these groups, called the maclaudi group, which currently consists of six species, three of which were not described before 2003.[2] Members of this group have large ears, and a diminished connection between the sella and lancet.[2]

R. maclaudi and R. ziama are considered the two West African taxa, while the other four species are found further east around the Albertine Rift.[2] The West African species are larger in size than the East African species, with R. maclaudi as the largest bat of the species group.[3] As these species are very similar morphologically, it was previously thought that R. hilli and R. ruwenzorii were the same taxon, and that the taxon was a subspecies of the Maclaud's horseshoe bat.[4]

Conservation

Only two individuals have been encountered, in 1964 and 1981. The locations of the two individuals were only 8 km (5 mi) apart. It is unknown where this species roosts during the day.[3] The IUCN lists this species as critically endangered, due to a small range of occurrence of less than 100 km2 (39 sq mi), habitat destruction, a small number of subpopulations, and over-harvesting for bushmeat.[5]

References
  1. "Annual Report 2013-2014" (PDF). batcon.org. Bat Conservation International. August 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 7, 2017. Retrieved May 1, 2017.
  2. Peterhans, J. C. K., Fahr, J., Huhndorf, M. H., Kaleme, P., Plumptre, A. J., Marks, B. D., & Kizungu, R. (2013). Bats (Chiroptera) from the Albertine Rift, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, with the description of two new species of the Rhinolophus maclaudi group. Bonn Zool Bull, 62, 186-202.
  3. Fahr, J., Vierhaus, H., Hutterer, R., & Kock, D. (2002). A revision of the Rhinolophus maclaudi species group with the description of a new species from West Africa (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae). Myotis, 40, 95-126.
  4. Smith, J. D., & Hood, C. S. (1980). Additional material of Rhinolophus ruwenzorii Hill, 1942, with comments on its natural history and taxonomic status. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Bat Research Conference,(eds. DE Wilson & AL Gardner) (pp. 163-171).
  5. Fahr. J. 2010. Rhinolophus hilli. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T44781A10937550. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T44781A10937550.en. Downloaded on 13 June 2017.
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