Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal

The Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal is a medal awarded to regular members of the Royal Air Force in recognition of long service. It was instituted by King George V in 1919, the year following the establishment of the world's first independent air force. At first, the medal was awarded to Regular Force non-commissioned officers and airmen of the Royal Air Force. The award criteria were later relaxed to also allow the award of the medal to officers who had served a minimum period in the ranks before being commissioned.[1] Since 2016, it is awarded to all regular members of the RAF, including officers who had never served in the ranks.

This article is about the Royal Air Force medal for long service and good conduct. For other medals named "Long Service and Good Conduct Medal", see Long Service and Good Conduct Medal.

Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal
King George V version
TypeMilitary long service medal
Awarded for18 years service until 1977
15 years service from 1977
Country United Kingdom
Presented bythe Monarch of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India
EligibilityAir Force Other Ranks
Conditionally to officers from 1947
StatusCurrent
Established1919
First awardedOctober 1919
Ribbon Bar
Order of wear
Next (higher)Royal Air Force Meritorious Service Medal (1918–1928)
Next (lower)Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Ulster Defence Regiment)

Overview

In the complex British honours system, there were distinct awards for officers and men for each service arm, Navy, Army and Air Force, and for each type of service, Regular Force or Reserve components. Regular Force officers were not eligible for any long service awards since, as they held a commission, they were expected to serve honourably and for a long period of time. Reserve Force officers were eligible for various long service decorations that granted them the use of post-nominal letters, while Reserve Force other ranks were eligible for various long service and good conduct medals, but without post-nominals.[2]

Institution

The Royal Air Force - the world's first Air Force - was established on 1 April 1918 by the amalgamation of the Royal Flying Corps of the Army and the Royal Naval Air Service of the Navy.[3][4][5] Regular Force other ranks of the new "junior service" had earlier been eligible for the award of either the Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal or the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1848), depending on their service of origin. In the year following the establishment of the Royal Air Force, on 1 July 1919, the Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was instituted by King George V, and the first awards of the medal were announced in October 1919.[1][5][6][7]

Award criteria

When it was instituted, the medal could be awarded to Regular Force Royal Air Force non-commissioned officers and airmen after eighteen years of unblemished service. The qualifying period was reduced to fifteen years with effect from 1 December 1977.[1][5][8]

Eligibility

An airman became eligible for the award of the medal upon completion of eighteen (later fifteen) years of reckonable service from the date of attestation or age 17½, whichever was later. However, there were a number of offences which would normally preclude award of the medal. Awards were only made after a thorough check of an airman's record of service. The award of the medal required the recommendation of the individual's commanding officer and it could therefore only be awarded to serving personnel.[9]

Prior to 1944 up to four years of the required total could have been earned in either the Royal Navy or British Army before the serviceman had transferred to the Royal Air Force. Prior to 1945 the medal could be awarded for distinguished service in wartime or emergency, without the time served or good conduct requirement having to be fulfilled.[1][5]

Clasp

From 1944 a clasp to the medal could be awarded for additional periods of eighteen (later fifteen) years of good service. As of Oct 16, a clasp is awarded for each period of ten years of unblemished service. [1][9]

Officers

Regular Force officers were traditionally not eligible for any long service awards. From 1947, announced in AMO A576, Royal Air Force Officers also became eligible for the award of the medal, but only if at least twelve of the fifteen years of their service had been in the ranks and provided that the conduct requirements for the award of the medal had been met. Also from that date, an officer became eligible for the award of the clasp if at least twenty-two of the thirty years of his or her service had been in the ranks and provided that the conduct requirements had been met.[1][2][7][9]

Effective from 1 October 2016, but with eligibility backdated to 29 July 2014, all Officers become eligible for the award, following 15 years service without any disciplinary records.

Order of wear

In the order of wear prescribed by the British Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood, the Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal takes precedence after the Royal Air Force Meritorious Service Medal (1918–1928) and before the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Ulster Defence Regiment).[10]

Description

The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, 36 millimetres (1.42 inches) in diameter.[1][9]

Obverse

The obverse of the medal shows the effigy of the reigning monarch, King George V, on the first version. Two versions of the medal each were produced during the reigns of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II.[1][9][11]

Reverse

The reverse of the medal remained unchanged through all versions of the obverse and bears the Royal Air Force eagle with outstretched wings, surmounted by the crown and with the inscription "FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT" around the circumference.[1][9]

Clasp

The Clasp bears the image of an eagle with outstretched wings, surmounted by the crown. In undress uniform a silver rosette on the ribbon bar denotes the award of the clasp.[9]

Ribbon

The ribbon is 32 millimetres wide with a 3 millimetres wide white band, a 13 millimetres wide dark blue band, a 13 millimetres wide crimson band and a 3 millimetres wide white band.[1][9]

Versions

King George V

The first version of the medal has a raised rim and shows King George V bareheaded, facing left. It is inscribed "GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:" around the perimeter. The initials "BM" on the truncation of the King's neck are those of the designer of the obverse, Bertram Mackennal, an Australian sculptor.[12][13]

The medal has a swiveling ornamented scroll pattern suspender, attached to the medal with a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the medal rim.[13]

King George VI
King George VI version 1

The first King George VI version appeared after he succeeded to the throne on 11 December 1936. The medal also has a raised rim and shows the King bareheaded and facing left. The medal is inscribed "GEORGIVS VI D: G: BR: OMN: REX F: D: IND: IMP." around the perimeter.[6]

King George VI version 2

A second King George VI version, inscribed "GEORGIVS VI D: G: BRITT: OMN: REX FID: DEF:" around the perimeter, appeared c. 1948 following the granting of independence to India, when the King's official title changed from "Monarch of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth, and Emperor of India" to "Monarch of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth, and Monarch of India".[6][14]

The initials "HP" below the truncation of the King's neck are those of the designer of the obverse of the medal, Thomas Humphrey Paget, an English medal and coin designer.[15]

Both versions of the medal have non-swiveling ornamented scroll pattern suspensions, attached to the medal with a single-toe claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal, with double scroll claw supports on the medal rim.[16]

Queen Elizabeth II
Queen Elizabeth II version 1

The first Queen Elizabeth II version appeared after she succeeded to the throne on 6 February 1952. The medal shows a bareheaded effigy of the Queen, facing right and wearing a laurel crown, and is inscribed "ELIZABETH•II•DEI•GRATIA•REGINA•F:D:", reading around from a cross at the top. The effigy was designed by Mary Gillick and was also used on general-circulation coinage for the United Kingdom from 1953, as well as in cameo form on British commemorative postage stamps since 1966.[11][17]

A second Queen Elizabeth II version was introduced in 1980, with the Queen depicted wearing the Saint Edward crown, the traditional British coronation crown.[11]

The Queen Elizabeth II versions reverted to swiveling suspenders. While the double scroll claw supports of the earlier versions were retained, the suspender is affixed to the top of the medal rim without the hitherto used claw and pin attachment.[18] However, some version one medals were issued with the same attachment as the King George VI version.

Dominion Air Forces

Royal Australian Air Force

The Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal ceased to be awarded to members of the Royal Australian Air Force in 1975, when it was replaced by the National Medal (Australia) in the Australian system of honours and awards.[19]

Royal Canadian Air Force

The Royal Canadian Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was instituted on 1 August 1944. Until 31 August 1957 it could be awarded for eighteen years service and good conduct to Permanent Force warrant officers, non-commissioned officers and airmen of the Royal Canadian Air Force who had enrolled prior to 1 September 1939, when the medal was superseded by the Canadian Forces Decoration.[2][20][21]

The Royal Canadian Air Force order that announced the institution of the medal stated that it would have a bar inscribed "CANADA", similar to the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Canada). However, since no such medal was ever struck, the Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was awarded to Canadians instead during the period concerned. Altogether 487 of these medals, most of them the King George VI versions, were awarded to Canadians between 1 August 1944 and 31 August 1957.[2][20][22]

Royal New Zealand Air Force

From 1947 until the Royal New Zealand Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was instituted in 1985, the Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal was also awarded to non-commissioned officers and airmen of the Royal New Zealand Air Force who had completed fifteen years of unblemished service.[23]

Notable recipients

Proposed discontinuation

In March 2015 a proposed intention to introduce a single new long service medal for all three Service Arms was announced by the United Kingdom's Government, to replace the Medal for Long Service and Good Conduct (Military), the Naval Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (1848) and the Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal. The proposed medal was to be awarded after fifteen years of service, regardless of rank, and while the good conduct element of the award criteria would have remained, it would only have applied to the last five years of the fifteen-year aggregate time served requirement. With this medal officers, who have had no medallic recognition for long service unless they were commissioned after serving at least twelve years in the ranks, would have also been rewarded for their dedication.[25]

Extended eligibility

In September 2016, it was formally announced in Defence Instruction 2016DIN09-023, that plans for a new medal had been shelved and the current RAF LS&GC would continue with revised regulations, that all RAF Officers will become eligible for its award effective from 1 October 2016 with the eligibility being backdated to 29 July 2014 (published in Chapter 5 to JSP761 (Honours and Awards in the Armed Forces) and Queen's Regulations of the Royal Air Force.[26]

References
  1. Stephen Stratford Medals site – British Military & Criminal History – 1900 to 1999 – Royal Air Force Long Service & Good Conduct Medal Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine (Accessed 26 May 2015)
  2. National Defence and the Canadian Forces – Obsolete Long Service Awards (Accessed 10 June 2015)
  3. WW2 People's War – Fact File : The RAF – 1918 to present (Accessed 14 June 2015)
  4. Royal Air Force – RAF Timeline 1918–1929 (Accessed 14 June 2015)
  5. British Military Medals – A Guide for the Collector and Family Historian by Peter Duckers – RAF Long-service Awards (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  6. Medal-Medaille – Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, George VI, 1st type, 1937–1948 issue, miniature (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  7. Royal Air Force Commands – RAF Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  8. Australian War Memorial – Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal : G O Penny, RAAF (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  9. Gov.UK – Defence and Armed Forces – guidance – Medals: campaigns, descriptions and eligibility – LS and GCM (RAF) (Accessed 14 June 2015)
  10. "No. 56878". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 March 2003. p. 3352.
  11. Medal-Medaille – Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, Elizabeth II 1953–1979 issue, miniature (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  12. Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 10, (MUP), 1986 – Mackennal, Sir Edgar Bertram (1863–1931), article by Noel S. Hutchison (Accessed 14 June 2015)
  13. Cultman Collectables – George V Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  14. Online Medals – Post WW2 Single Medals – Royal Air Force LSGC GVI To Flight Sergeant Wright (Accessed 14 June 2015)
  15. The Royal Mint Museum – The portrait of George VI (Accessed 11 June 2015)
  16. The Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal GVI (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  17. Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain & Ireland 1851–1951 – Mrs Mary Gaskell Gillick OBE (Accessed 12 June 2015)
  18. The London Medal Company – A Royal Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal, EIIR Dei.Grat. bust swivel suspension, awarded to Sergeant J.W. Rock, Royal Air Force (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  19. Heritage Medals – Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  20. Veterans Affairs Canada – Royal Canadian Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Accessed 14 June 2015)
  21. Veterans Affairs Canada – Canadian Forces Decoration (Accessed 14 June 2015)
  22. McCreery, Christopher (2011). The Canadian Forces’ Decoration (PDF). Ottawa: Directorate of Honours and Recognition National Defence Headquarters. p. 14. (Accessed 26 May 2015)
  23. New Zealand Defence Force – New Zealand Long Service and Good Conduct Medals – The Royal New Zealand Air Force Long Service and Good Conduct Medal (Accessed 15 June 2015)
  24. "No. 35074". The London Gazette (Supplement). 14 February 1941. p. 870.
  25. Ministry of Defence News Story, 26 March 2015 – New recognition for Reserve and Regular military service (Accessed 9 June 2015)
  26. "JSP 761 Honours and Awards in the Armed Forces Part 1: Directive" (PDF). Ministry of Defence. pp. 5−1–5B−4. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
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