Rukunuddin Barbak Shah

According to the Risalat-us-Shuhada, during the reign of Barbak Shah, the king of Gajapati Kingdom of Kalinga (present-day Orissa) invaded southern Bengal and captured the fort of Mandaran. Barbak sent his general, Shah Ismail Ghazi, against the Oriyas. Ismail Ghazi defeated the Kalinga army and recaptured Fort Mandaran.

Kameshwar, the king of Kamarupa (present-day Assam), invaded northern Bengal and once again Shah Ismail Ghazi was sent against Kamarupa. In the battlefield of Santosha, Barbak's army was destroyed. But Ismail Ghazi won the heart of Kameshwar by his virtues. And the Kamarupa king accepted Islam and acknowledged the overlordship of Barbak Shah.[2] But Ismail Ghazi's glory did not last long. Soon, the rumour broke out that he was trying to carve out an independent kingdom for himself in Kamarupa and conspiring with Kameshwar. Ismail Ghazi was killed and his head and body were buried at two different places.

Barbak Shah invaded Mithila (present-day Janakpur) and conquered the region. He appointed Kedar Rai as the governor of that region.

From Kamarupa expedition, his ruling extended to Karatoya river in north-east. He also invaded Fort of Hajiganj and surroundings at Tirhut in 1468. This acquisition helped his kingdom extended to Buriganga river in north. According to the Hatkhola inscription, Sylhet continued to be under Barbak Shah's jurisdiction. Again according to the Mirzaganj inscription, the Bakerganj area was also included in his sultanate. He also re-established his authority in Chittagong.[2]

Barbak Shah was a patron of both Muslim and Hindu scholars. During his time Jainuddin wrote his Rasul Vijaya and Ibrahim Qawam Faruqi composed a Persian lexicon Farhang-i-Ibrahim (known as Sharafnamah). Raimukuta Brhaspati Mishra, Maladhar Basu, Krttivas and Kuladhar were the most noted Hindu scholars that time.[2]

Rukunuddin Barbak Shah died in 1474 after ruling Bengal for 15 years.

• List of rulers of Bengal
• History of Bengal
• History of India