Saint John Berchmans Church, Brussels
The Church of St. John Berchmans (French: Église Saint Jean Berchmans, Dutch: Sint Jan Berchmanskerk) is the Roman Catholic church of St Michael's College in the municipality of Etterbeek in Brussels (Belgium). Founded by the Society of Jesus at the turn of the 20th century, the church is dedicated to the Belgian Jesuit St. Jan Berchmans.
| Church of St. John Berchmans Eglise Saint Jean Berchmans Sint Jan Berchmanskerk | |
|---|---|
 Rear apse of the church from Boulevard Saint-Michel | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Roman Catholic |
| Rite | Latin Rite |
| Year consecrated | 9 July 1912 |
| Status | Oratory[1] |
| Location | |
| Location | Boulevard Saint-Michel / Sint-Michielslaan B-1040 Etterbeek, Brussels-Capital Region |
| Country | Belgium |
| Geographic coordinates | 50°50′05″N 4°24′26″E |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Joseph Prémont[2] |
| Type | Church |
| Style | Romanesque revival |
| General contractor | Society of Jesus |
| Groundbreaking | 20 July 1908 |
| Specifications | |
| Direction of façade | NW |
| Length | 60 metres (200 ft) |
| Width | 35 metres (115 ft) |
| Width (nave) | 13 metres (43 ft) |
| Spire(s) | 2 |
| Website | |
| Official website | |
History
The purpose of the church was to form the vital centre of the newly created St Michael's College. It was built in the same architectural style as the rest of the school buildings. Msg. Giovanni Tacci Porcelli, Nuncio to Belgium, laid the foundation stone of the church on 20 July 1908. Architect Joseph Prémont was inspired by the Rhenan Romanesque tradition of the Middle Ages. The church is of Rhenan Romanesque revival style and was consecrated on 9 July 1912 by the Bishop of Galle, Joseph van Reeth SJ .
Exterior
The facade, made of grey freestone and rose stone from the Gileppe, is decorated with a statue of Saint Michael the Archangel, patron saint of the college. Two Romanesque entrances on the apse's right and left side lead to an antechamber.
Interior
The church is built in a Latin Cross plan with a central nave and two aisles, cut by a small transept. The nave on three levels is divided in four spans by two times three monolithic barrelled columns of polished Labrador granite. The capitals, made of white Euville stone, are all decorated with different motifs. The choir ends in a semi-circular apse under a five-sided arch. The back of the church also forms a semi-circular apse, inspired by the style of the Romanesque churches of the region of the Rhine.
Suspended above the columns of the nave, six statues of saints of the Society of Jesus rest on pedestals with their carved initials. On the left, towards the main altar are St. Alphonsus Rodriguez, St. Francis de Geronimo, and St. Stanislas Kostka. On the right are St. Peter Claver, St. Aloysius Gonzaga, and St. Francis Borgia. The statues of St. Alphonsus Rodriguez and St. Peter Claver are by the Belgian sculptor C. Van de Cappele. The others are by another Belgian sculptor, Oscar Sinia.[3]
In 1968, after the Second Vatican Council and the liturgical reforms which followed, several transformations of the interior arrangement were carried out. Much of the original furniture has disappeared. The main altar, made from drawings by the architect Joseph Prémont, was surmounted by a tabernacle set up in a retable decorated with statuettes of copper. The altar was presented in the Brussels International Exposition of 1910.
Stained windows
The stained glass of the lower windows was made by the workshop of Camille Ganton-Defoin, Ghent. They depict the important events of life of Jesus Christ. The stained windows of the choir came from the workshop of Stalins in Antwerp. They represent the Holy Trinity, in the centre, surrounded by the four evangelists (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John) and the Four Church Fathers (St. Gregory the Great, St. Augustine, St. Ambrose, St. Jerome) and the eight saints of the Society of Jesus.
The transept rose window on the right is dedicated to Belgium with St. Joseph, the patron saint of Belgium, surrounded by Belgian saints or saints venerated in different Belgian cities. The rose window on the left depicts the Tree of Jesse with the Virgin Mary surrounded by personages of the Old Testament.
Organ
The romantic organ of the church was built by the Belgian organ builder Jean-Emile Kerkhoff. Built between 1909 and 1910, the organ has three keyboards, a pedal board, and 36 organ stops. The organ was inaugurated on 6 April 1910 by a performance of Charles-Marie Widor.[4]
See also
- St John Berchmans College, Brussels
- St Michael College, Brussels
- List of churches in Brussels
- Roman Catholicism in Belgium
- Society of Jesus
Notes
- The church of St. John Berchmans is not a parish church.
- Inventaire du patrimoine architectural 1995
- "Etterbeek- Collège Saint-Michel Boulevard Saint-Michel 24, 26", Inventaire du patrimoine architectural (in French), Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, 1995, retrieved 22 January 2011
- Direction des Monuments et des Sites 2010
References
- "Etterbeek- Collège Saint-Michel Boulevard Saint-Michel 24, 26", Inventaire du patrimoine architectural (in French), Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, 1995, retrieved 22 January 2011
- "Image gallery of the church of St John Berchmans". Image gallery (in French). Institut Royal du Patrimoine Artistique. Retrieved 22 January 2011.
- Direction des Monuments et des Sites (2010), Orgue de tribune néogothique (Kerkhoff 1910) (in French), Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, retrieved 22 January 2011
- "Institut Saint-Michel à Bruxelles". L'Emulation (in French): I–V. 1912.
External links
- "Église de la Communauté St-Michel" (in French). Retrieved 22 January 2011.
- "Église Saint Jean Berchmans" (in French). Jésuites de la Province de Belgique Méridionale et du Luxembourg. Retrieved 22 January 2011.