Saldutiškis

Saldutiškis is a small town in northeastern Lithuania. According to the Lithuanian census of 2011, it had 343 residents.[1]

Saldutiškis
Town
The church of Saldutiškis
Coat of arms
Saldutiškis
Location in Lithuania
Coordinates: 55°21′10″N 25°48′50″E
Country Lithuania
County Utena County
MunicipalityUtena district municipality
EldershipSaldutiškis eldership
Capital ofSaldutiškis eldership
Population
 (2011)
 • Total343
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)

Its alternate names include Syłgudyszki (Polish language), Saldutishkis, Trunkuny, and Saldatiškio.[2]

History

The village was first mentioned in the late 18th century, when the property and manor of the Jałowiecki (Jaloveckis) family were recorded.[3] Two of its most famous members were General Bolesław Jałowiecki (Boleslovas Jaloveckis; died in 1917) and his son Mieczysław (1876–1967), a diplomat for the interwar Polish government of the Second Polish Republic and a known agronomist. Bolesław established a park, rich in tree variety. The settlement began to grow after a narrow gauge railway between Panevėžys and Švenčionėliai was built in 1899. Its train station was built in the traditional Zakopane Style of Architecture.[4] The Panevėžys-Saldutiškis railway was the object of the 1938–1939 Panevezys-Saldutiskis Railway Case of the Permanent Court of International Justice between Estonia and Lithuania.

During World War I, the manor was abandoned and looted. In the aftermath of World War I, the village became part of the independent Lithuanian state. In the independent Lithuania, Jałowiecki family was unable to regain their estates, and Mieczysław settled in Poland. In the 1920s the former Jałowiecki's manor was converted into administrative offices and a primary school while the former barn was converted into a parish church.[5] According to the 1923 census, there were 79 residents in Saldutiškis.[6] As the settlement grew, an agricultural school and foresters office was moved into the town. A sawmill provided electricity for the town and surrounding settlements.[5]

On July 3 and August 4, 1941, an Einsatzgruppen of Germans and Lithuanians nationalists executed the Jews from Saldutiškis. The remaining Jews from the city were shot at the military training grounds in Švenčionėliai.[7]

After World War II, several collective farms (kolkhozy) were established and primary school was converted into secondary. Saldutiškis had 309 residents in 1957, 388 in 1970, and 434 in 1979.[6]

On July 30, 2002, the President of Lithuania confirmed coat of arms of the town. The arms depict silver deer with two pine branches with golden cones instead of antlers. These are symbols of the nearby Labanoras Forest, the largest forest in Lithuania.[8]

References
  1. "2011 census". Statistikos Departamentas (Lithuania). Retrieved August 13, 2017.
  2. United States Board on Geographic Names. Saldutiškis. Accessed 2011-03-04.
  3. "Saldutiškio dvaras" (in Lithuanian). Lietuvos pilių ir dvarų asociacija. Archived from the original on 2009-11-26. Retrieved 2011-01-02.
  4. "Zygmunt Gnatowski and the Koliba House". Gnatowski.org. 2008-12-24. Archived from the original on 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2010-12-28.
  5. Kviklys, Bronius (1964). Mūsų Lietuva (in Lithuanian). I. Boston: Lietuvių enciklopedijos leidykla. pp. 741–743. OCLC 3303503.
  6. (in Lithuanian) Jonas Zinkus; et al., eds. (1985–1988). "Saldutiškis". Tarybų Lietuvos enciklopedija. 3. Vilnius, Lithuania: Vyriausioji enciklopedijų redakcija. p. 615. LCC 86232954.
  7. http://www.holocaustatlas.lt/EN/#a_atlas/search//page/8/item/113/
  8. Rimša, Edmundas (2004). Lietuvos heraldika (in Lithuanian). II. Baltos lankos. pp. 154–155. ISBN 9955-584-69-6.
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