Salvadora (snake)

Salvadora is a genus of colubrid snakes commonly called patchnose snakes or patch-nosed snakes, which are endemic to the western United States and Mexico.[1] They are characterized by having a distinctive scale on the tip of the snout.

Salvadora
Texas patchnose snake
Salvadora grahamiae lineata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Colubridae
Subfamily: Colubrinae
Genus: Salvadora
Baird & Girard, 1853
Salvadora bairdi

Species and subspecies

The following species and subspecies are recognized.[2]

  • Salvadora bairdi Jan, 1860 – Baird's patchnose snake[3]
  • Salvadora deserticola Schmidt, 1940 – Big Bend patchnose snake
  • Salvadora grahamiae Baird & Girard, 1853 – Texas patchnose snake
    • Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae Baird & Girard, 1853 – mountain patchnose snake
    • Salvadora grahamiae lineata Schmidt, 1940 – Texas patchnose snake
  • Salvadora gymnorhachis Hernandez-Jimenez, Flores-Villela, & Campbell, 2019
  • Salvadora hexalepis (Cope, 1866) – western patchnose snake
    • Salvadora hexalepis hexalepis (Cope, 1866) – desert patchnose snake
    • Salvadora hexalepis klauberi Bogert, 1945 – Baja California patchnose snake
    • Salvadora hexalepis mojavensis Bogert, 1945 – Mojave patchnose snake
    • Salvadora hexalepis virgultea Bogert, 1935 – coast patchnose snake
  • Salvadora intermedia Hartweg, 1940 – Oaxacan patchnose snake
  • Salvadora lemniscata (Cope, 1895) – Pacific patchnose snake
  • Salvadora mexicana (A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854) – Mexican patchnose snake

References
  1. Conant, Roger (1975). A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America, Second Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. xviii + 429 pp. + Plates 1-48. ISBN 0-395-19979-4 (hardcover), ISBN 0-395-19977-8 (paperback). (Salvadora, pp. 187-189, Figure 42 + Plate 31 + Maps 143, 146).
  2. "Salvadora ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  3. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Salvadori bairdi, p.14).

Further reading
  • Baird SF, Girard CF (1853). Catalogue of North American Reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part I.—Serpents. Washington, District of Columbia: Smithsonian Institution. xvi + 172 pp. (Salvadora, new genus, p. 104).
  • Schmidt KP, Davis DD (1941). Field Book of Snakes of the United States and Canada. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 365 pp. (Genus Salvadora, p. 135).
  • Smith HM, Brodie ED Jr (1982). Reptiles of North America: A Guide to Field Identification. New York: Golden Press. 240 pp. ISBN 0-307-13666-3. (Genus Salvadora, p. 194).
  • Stebbins RC (2003). A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, Third Edition. The Peterson Field Guide Series ®. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. xiii + 533 pp. ISBN 978-0-395-98272-3. (Genus Salvadora, p. 356).
  • Wright AH, Wright AA (1957). Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada. Ithaca and London: Comstock. 1,105 pp. (in 2 volumes) (Genus Salvadora, p. 644).
  • Zim HS, Smith HM (1956). Reptiles and Amphibians: A Guide to Familiar Species: A Golden Nature Guide. New York: Simon and Schuster. 160 pp. (Genus Salvadora, pp. 88, 156).


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