Schaan

Schaan (German pronunciation: [ʃaːn]) is the largest municipality of Liechtenstein by population. It is located to the north of Vaduz, the capital, in the central part of the country. As of 2019 it has a population of 6,039[2] making it the most populous administrative district in Liechtenstein. Representing an important traffic hub and industrial location of the country, Schaan covers an area of 26.8 km2 (10.3 sq mi), including mountains and forest. It is a municipality within the electoral district of Oberland in the Principality of Liechtenstein. Schaan has four enclaves, two of which belonging to Vaduz and Planken.

Schaan
Municipality
Church of St. Laurentius
Flag
Coat of arms
Schaan and its exclaves in Liechtenstein
Coordinates: 47°10′00″N 9°30′35″E
CountryLiechtenstein
Electoral districtOberland
Villagesnone
Area
 • Total26.8 km2 (10.3 sq mi)
Elevation
450 m (1,480 ft)
Population
 (31-12-2019)[1]
 • Total6,039
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
9494
Area code(s)7005
ISO 3166 codeLI-07
Websitewww.schaan.li

History

Recent archaeological finds have shown that Schaan has been inhabited for over 6000 years: In the year 15 BC, The Romans, under Augustus, conquered the territory of the present Principality of Liechtenstein and established the Roman province of Raetia. In the 1st century AD, a military road was built from Milan to Bregenz, running along the Luzisteig on the right bank of the Rhine. This led to the building of settlements in modern-day Schaan. Two Roman legionnaire's helmets were found in 1887 during digging work buried above Dux and bearing the engraved names of the legionaries Publius Cavidius Felix and Numerius Pomponius. Dated to the 1st century AD, it is likely that they were intended as a variety of commemoration of the two men. They are now housed in the museums of Bregenz and Zurich. The most important Roman building on the territory of the municipality is a fort built in the valley, whose purpose was to afford protect against the ever more frequent Alemannic invasions. Remains of its foundations and the gate tower are again visible from St. Peter's Church, Schaan. A 5th century baptistery was found during excavations inside this church, suggesting early Christianization. During excavations, there traces of a prehistoric settlement were also found.

The Alemannic settlement is evidenced by numerous grave finds. At that time Schaan consisted of two separate parts. The Romanized Räter-people had their centre at St. Peter, while the Alemannic population settled in the area of Specki. This dichotomy can still be seen today in the existence of two alpine cooperatives, the North-Alemannic cooperative Gritsch and the southern Rhaeto-Romanian cooperative Guschg.

Geography

Schaan is the northernmost municipality in the Liechtenstein Oberland. It is bordered to the south by the capital, Vaduz, to the east by Planken and Triesenberg, and to the north by the municipalities of Eschen and Gamprin. In the west, the Rhine forms the natural border with Switzerland, and in the east, the town is dominated by the Three Sisters mountain range. Schaan also has four exclaves within other municipalities, and two enclaves within its municipality.

Climate

It is an Oceanic climate (Koppen: Cfb)

Climate data for Schaan
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 2.6
(36.7)		 4.8
(40.6)		 9.5
(49.1)		 13.8
(56.8)		 18.1
(64.6)		 21.3
(70.3)		 23.4
(74.1)		 22.5
(72.5)		 19.7
(67.5)		 14.1
(57.4)		 8.1
(46.6)		 3.4
(38.1)		 13.4
(56.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −0.6
(30.9)		 1.1
(34.0)		 4.9
(40.8)		 8.8
(47.8)		 12.9
(55.2)		 16.2
(61.2)		 18.3
(64.9)		 17.6
(63.7)		 14.8
(58.6)		 9.8
(49.6)		 4.6
(40.3)		 0.4
(32.7)		 9.1
(48.4)
Average low °C (°F) −3.7
(25.3)		 −2.6
(27.3)		 0.4
(32.7)		 3.9
(39.0)		 7.8
(46.0)		 11.2
(52.2)		 13.2
(55.8)		 12.7
(54.9)		 10.0
(50.0)		 5.6
(42.1)		 1.1
(34.0)		 −2.5
(27.5)		 4.8
(40.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 67
(2.6)		 62
(2.4)		 65
(2.6)		 87
(3.4)		 106
(4.2)		 132
(5.2)		 130
(5.1)		 140
(5.5)		 103
(4.1)		 76
(3.0)		 79
(3.1)		 76
(3.0)		 1,123
(44.2)
Source: Climate-data.org[3]

Education

There are four kindergarten sites: Malarsch, Pardiel, Rebera, and Werkof. The Gemeinschaftszentrum Resch, Primarschule provides primary education.[4]

Realschule Schaan and Sportschule Liechtenstein are in Schaan, while Realschule Vaduz and Oberschule Vaduz are in the Schulzentrum Mühleholz II in Vaduz. Liechtensteinisches Gymnasium is also in Vaduz.[5]

There is a private Waldorf school which has students from, in addition to Liechtenstein, Austria and Switzerland. It was established in 1985.[6]

Notable people

References
  1. (in German) 2014 statistics for Liechtenstein
  2. https://www.llv.li/files/as/bevolkerungsstatistik-30-juni-2017.pdf
  3. "Climate: Schaan, LI". Climate-data.org.
  4. "Strassenplan" (Archive). Commune of Schaan. Retrieved on May 12, 2016.
  5. "Weiterführende Schulen Schaan." Commune of Schaan. Retrieved on May 12, 2016. "Realschule Schaan Duxgass 55 9494 Schaan" and "Sportschule Liechtenstein Duxgass 55 9494 Schaan" and "Realschule Vaduz Schulzentrum Mühleholz II 9490 Vaduz" and "Oberschule Vaduz Schulzentrum Mühleholz II 9490 Vaduz"
  6. "Waldorfschule." Commune of Schaan. Retrieved on May 12, 2016.
  7. http://gkeller.princeton.edu/
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