Shipka Pass

Shipka Pass (Bulgarian: Шипченски проход, Shipchenski prohod) (el. 1150 m./3820 ft.) is a scenic mountain pass through the Balkan Mountains in Bulgaria. It marks the border between Stara Zagora province and Gabrovo province. The pass connects the towns of Gabrovo and Kazanlak. The pass is part of the Bulgarka Nature Park.

Shipka Pass
View from Shipka
Elevation1,190 m (3,904 ft)
Traversed by I-5 / E85
LocationBulgaria
RangeBalkan Mountains
Coordinates42°45′18″N 25°19′8″E

The pass is 13 km by road north of the small town of Shipka. It is crossed by a national road I-5, which runs between Ruse, on the Danube River, and Makaza border crossing to Greece.

A road also leads from the pass to the summit of Buzludzha, 12 km to the east.

Snow scene at Shipka Pass

Battle of Shipka Pass
Main article: Battle of Shipka Pass

During the Russo-Turkish War in 1877 and 1878, Shipka Pass was the scene of a series of conflicts collectively named the Battle of Shipka Pass, fought between the Russians, aided by Bulgarian volunteers, and the Ottoman Empire.[1]

Cannons on Shipka pass

Shipka Monument
A close view of the Shipka Memorial

It was opened with a ceremony in 1934 and designed by architect Atanas Donkov and sculptor Aleksandar Andreev.[2] An important influence was the Monument to the Battle of the Nations in Germany.

Another view of the memorial

The monument is a 31.5-metre (98-foot) high stone tower in the form of a truncated pyramid. A giant bronze lion, 8 m (26 feet) long and 4 m (13 feet) high, stands above the entrance to the tower, and a figure of a woman represents the victory over the Ottoman forces. A marble sarcophagus housing some of the remains of the Russian and Bulgarian casualties is on the first floor. There are four other floors where one can find replicas of Bulgarian military flags and other relics. The top of the tower reveals a panorama of Shipka Peak and the surrounding area.[2]

Honour

Shipka Valley and Shipka Saddle on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica are named after Shipka Pass.

Eagle's Nest Hill in Vladivostok is named after the position held by the Russian troops on Mt St Nicholas during the battle in 1878.

  • Sarcophagus

See also

References
  1. Crowe, John Henry Verrinder (1911). "Shipka Pass". The Encyclopaedia Britannica; A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. XXIV (SAINTE-CLAIRE DEVILLE to SHUTTLE) (11th ed.). Cambridge, England and New York: At the University Press. pp. 981–982. Retrieved 18 July 2018 – via Internet Archive.
  2. "Monument of Freedom". Bulgarian Ministry of Culture - Museum "Shipka-Buzluzha". Retrieved 2011-03-11.

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