Smart port

Due to the increasing size and volume of container, transport and cruise ships, ports continue to face new challenges with daily traffic and processing. Technologies such as IoT can improve warehouse logistics, inventory management etc. and help automate loading, dispatching and transporting goods.

In smart ports, parking spaces could be optimised and traffic streamlined by making more efficient use of limited space.[1] Sensors, cameras, drones and other technologies can automatically collect and share information such as weather, traffic and pollution data for port owners and customers.[4] Optimizing workflow could double capacity without having to additional space or having to invest in new infrastructure and equipment, while simultaneously reducing operation costs.[5] Making a port “smart” not only means digitally connecting everything inside the port, but also requires multilevel cooperation among government authorities, businesses, local communities and other relevant parties.[6]

Shared data from smart ports also requires standardisation so that it could be better utilised by people in different countries and locations.[6] The latest information from international business intelligence provider Visiongain, assesses that Smart Ports Market spending will reach $1.5 bn in 2019. A smart port takes complete advantage of space, produces higher revenues, saves natural resources and benefits from the technology accessible to the logistics community.

Artificial intelligence could assist with security checks and automated screening processes, not only helping to standardise and lower the durations of those tasks, but also making them safer, more reliable and less dependent on human failure.[7]

In order to remain economically competitive, ports need to efficiently streamline workflow and minimise costs.[1] If the optimal traffic flow for ships can be determined automatically, the cargo loading and unloading times can be optimised to save time so that more ships and cargo can be cleared in less time.[7] Local natural resources such as petroleum can also serve as incentives for port development, leading to long-term trade and economic development for an entire area.[8] At the same time, as automation is potentially able to lower overhead and costs, smart ports can become less financially dependent on political authorities, allowing increased flexibility for private investments and improvements.[2]

Ports have historically suffered from high levels of environmental pollution.[9] However, smart ports can limit energy consumption and waste by making use of automation and smart technologies.[5][6] Hamburg, for example, has a system of sensors, cameras and smart lights on roads to help monitor and direct traffic, which can help to optimize traffic and thus lower emissions.[1] These large public infrastructural development projects typically require significant cooperation from various agencies and government authorities.[6]