South American Datum

The South American Datum (SAD) is a regional geodesic datum for South America. It was established in Brazil by SIRGAS 2000, and was made official in 2005.

Geodesy
Fundamentals
Concepts
Technologies
Standards (history)
NGVD 29 Sea Level Datum 1929
OSGB36 Ordnance Survey Great Britain 1936
SK-42 Systema Koordinat 1942 goda
ED50 European Datum 1950
SAD69 South American Datum 1969
GRS 80 Geodetic Reference System 1980
ISO 6709 Geographic point coord. 1983
NAD 83 North American Datum 1983
WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984
NAVD 88 N. American Vertical Datum 1988
ETRS89 European Terrestrial Ref. Sys. 1989
GCJ-02 Chinese obfuscated datum 2002
Geo URI Internet link to a point 2010

SAD69

SAD was established as the regional geodetic datum for South America in 1969. This datum includes the Brazilian Geodetic System (Sistema Geodésico Brasileiro, or SGB), and uses the geoid as defined by the ellipsoid of the Geodetic Reference System - SGR-67 - accepted and recommended by the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics at Lucerne in 1967. This ellipsoid is defined from the parameters:

  • Topocentric orientation:
    • an axis of rotation parallel to the Earth's axis of rotation; plan meridian parallel to the Greenwich Meridian;
  • Topocentric orientation: considered planimetric datum, the Vertex Chuá chain triangulation of parallel 20° South, in Minas Gerais:
    • geodetic latitude = 19° 45' 41.6527" S
    • astronomical latitude = 19° 45' 41.34" S
    • geodetic longitude = 48° 06' 04.0639" W
    • astronomical longitude = 48° 06' 07.80" W
    • Geodetic Azimuth = 271° 30' 04.05" SWNE; Astronomical Azimuth = 271° 30' 05.42" SWNE for VT-Uberaba
    • geodetic undulation N = 0.0 meters
  • SGB Altimetry datum coincides with the equipotential surface that contains the mean sea level, defined by the tide gauge observations taken in Imbituba, on the coast at Santa Catarina.
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