South Asian Heritage Month

The first Indo-Caribbean Canadian (OSSICC) was formed primarily to celebrate the upcoming 150th anniversary of the arrival of Indians to Guyana in 1988. OSSICC continued to celebrate Indo-Caribbean Heritage Day until the year 2000, with interest coming mainly from Indo-Caribbeans.

In April, 1997 the Indo-Trinidadian Canadian Association (ITCA) was formed and immediately started Indian Arrival Day celebrations that year. In that year too, community activist Asha Maharaj organized a display of Indian artifacts, the Trinidad and Tobago Association of Ottawa held its first celebration, and the Caribbean East Indian Cultural Organization headed by radio host Richard Aziz organized an Indian Arrival celebration in Toronto.

By 1998 ITCA had decided to celebrate the event as Indian Arrival and Heritage Day, and held a huge show/display/dance at the Etobicoke Olympium. It was never an Indo-Caribbean for ITCA but always Indian, meaning all people with roots in the Indian subcontinent.

Since 1997, ITCA and later the Council for Indian Arrival and Heritage Month had decided not to make this an Indo-Caribbean event. They realized that Indo-Caribbeans were only about 10 per cent of the "Indian" group in Toronto, and if they confined Indian Arrival to Indo-Caribbeans it would remain forever a marginal event.

By 1999 ITCA had moved to celebrate the month of May as Indian Arrival and Heritage Month. At this stage only ITCA and OSSICC were organizing events.

By the year 2000 a Council for Indian Arrival and Heritage Month was in place, composed of people from ITCA, OSSICC, the Guyanese group GEAC, the Hamilton group CICA and several individuals. The group was marking the arrival of Indians in the West as 1838 when the first landed in Guyana, and 1897 as the year the first Indians (Punjabi Sikhs actually) arrived in Canada. The catch line from the letterhead for the Council in 2000 was "Commemorating the 162nd anniversary of the arrival in the Americas of the people and heritage of the Indian subcontinent". This included all the groups who are now satisfied to be called South Asians, such as Indians, Pakistanis, Sri Lankans etc.

Even though the Council tried to attract the support of the other groups, it was a hard sell and they did not usually get a positive response. In the Caribbean the word Indian includes everybody who came from what was then united, colonial India. In Canada it was different. When the word Indian was used, the assumption was that it referred to people who had come from India, if it wasn't confused with native Indians. Many of the Punjabi Sikhs did not relate well to India because of their political problems with that country, and did not want to see themselves as Indians. The Pakistanis did not respond to the word Indian Arrival and Heritage Month or to Indian Arrival events. The Sri Lankans also said they were not Indians and ignored Indian Arrival and Heritage Month. There were similar problems with people from Bangladesh and Nepal. The Indian Arrival celebration was going nowhere.

When Indian Arrival and Heritage Month was launched at the Scarborough Civic Centre in 2001, the keynote speaker was Raminder Gill, at the time the South Asian Member of the Ontario Parliament. Gill said he would introduce a bill in the legislature to legitimize the event, and he did so later that same year. Gill obtained multi-party support for the bill, but was told the legislature would not accept Indian Arrival and Heritage Month because it would cause confusion with the Indian Act and other laws relating to native Indians. The name was changed to South Asian Heritage Month, and the bill received unanimous support and was signed into law in December 2001.

Since then, South Asian Heritage Month has grown dramatically. Dozens of celebrations take place each year, including events at the Ontario Parliament, the Gerard Street bazaar, numerous religious and community groups and the media. It has been embraced enthusiastically by the Sri Lankans, Pakistanis, and most of the 20-plus subgroups in the South Asian community. Efforts are being made to extend the celebration throughout Ontario and to other provinces and territories in Canada.

AN ACT TO PROCLAIM MAY AS SOUTH ASIAN HERITAGE MONTH AND MAY 5 AS SOUTH ASIAN ARRIVAL DAY

South Asian immigrants began arriving in Ontario at the start of the 20th century. Working primarily in the sawmill industry, South Asian immigrants settled in various parts of the province. For South Asians, the month of May has been a time of celebration and commemoration of their arrival from the Indian subcontinent to the Americas beginning on May 5, 1838.

While most South Asians came to our country from India, many others came to Ontario from such places as Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Uganda, Kenya, South Africa, Mauritius, Fiji, the United Kingdom, Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana. Today, South Asians make up a significant proportion of Ontario's population and are proud to draw upon their heritage and traditions, contributing to many aspects of culture, commerce and public service across this province.

It is appropriate to recognize and pay tribute to the contributions South Asian immigrants have made, and continue to make, to the development and general welfare of Ontario.

Therefore, Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, enacts as follows:

1. May 5 in each year is proclaimed as South Asian Arrival Day.

2. The month of May in each year is proclaimed as South Asian Heritage Month.

3. This Act comes into force on the day it receives Royal Assent.

4. The short title of this Act is the South Asian Heritage Act, 2001.

The South Asian community in the UK organised the concept launch of the first South Asian Heritage Month event in July 2019 at the House of Commons. The concept launch was a collaboration between City Sikhs, Faiths Forum for London, The Grand Trunk Project and The Partition Commemoration Campaign.[2]

The Co-Chairs and Founders of South Asian Heritage Month are Jasvir Singh OBE and Dr Binita Kane, and the Founding Patron is Anita Rani.[3]

South Asian Heritage Month runs from 18th July – 17th August and seeks to commemorate, mark and celebrate South Asian cultures, histories particularly the intertwined histories of the UK and South Asian communities and how South Asian cultures are present throughout the UK.[4]

Unlike most commemoration months, SAHM takes place across two Western calendar months (July & August). The reason for this is that it respects the traditions of the South Asian solar calendar and the 18th July – 17th August contains several significant dates:

• 18th July: the Indian Independence Act 1947 gained royal assent

• 26th July: Maldives Independence Day

• 8th August: Bhutan Independence Day

• 14th August: Pakistani Independence Day

• 15th August: Indian Independence Day

• 17th August: Partition Commemoration Day or the date that the Radcliffe Line was published in 1947, setting out where the border between India, West Pakistan and East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) would be

The month also very nearly coincides with the South Asian month of Saravan/Sawan, which is the main monsoon month when the region's habitat undergoes renewal.

• South Asian Heritage Act, 2001
• Website dedicated to Indo-Caribbean heritage
• South Asian Heritage Foundation (active to 2009)