Spatholirion

Spatholirion is a genus of climbing or rosette monocotyledonous flowering plants in the dayflower family. It is distributed from China in the north, south to Thailand, Vietnam, and northern Peninsular Malaysia.[2][3][4][5] It has four to eight seeds per carpel, unlike the closely related Streptolirion, which has only two, and white or purple petals.[4] The inflorescence axis of Spatholirion longifolium and all of its branches are a bright purple, probably aiding in visual pollinator attraction.[6] The genus was first described in 1896 by Henry Nicholas Ridley, the father of the commercial rubber industry, from plants sent to Kew Gardens from the Malay Peninsula near the border between Thailand and Malaysia.[7] All species have a diploid chromosome number of 20.[5]

Species[2]
  • Spatholirion calcicola K.Larsen & S.S.Larsen - Thailand
  • Spatholirion decumbens Fukuoka & N.Kurosaki - Thailand
  • Spatholirion elegans (Cherfils) C.Y.Wu - Yunnan, Vietnam
  • Spatholirion longifolium (Gagnep.) Dunn - Vietnam, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
  • Spatholirion ornatum Ridl. - Peninsular Malaysia
  • Spatholirion puluongense Aver. - Vietnam

Spatholirion
Spatholirion ornatum[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Commelinales
Family: Commelinaceae
Subfamily: Commelinoideae
Tribe: Tradescantieae
Subtribe: Streptoliriineae
Genus: Spatholirion
Ridl.
Type species
Spatholirion ornatum

References
  1. Lithograph from J. DeAlwis, R. Morgan, & W. Newman - Journal of Botany, British & Foreign; Volume 34, Tab. 360, 1896;
  2. "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org.
  3. Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 20 竹叶吉祥草属 zhu ye ji xiang cao shu Spatholirion Ridley, J. Bot. 34: 329. 1896.
  4. Hong, Deyuan; DeFillipps, Robert A. (2000), "Spatholirion", in Wu, Z. Y.; Raven, P.H.; Hong, D.Y. (ed.), Flora of China, 20, Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, p. 20, retrieved 2008-01-28
  5. Larsen, Kai; Larsen, Supee Saksuwan (2003), "A new species of Spatholirion (Commelinaceae) from Thailand and further notes on S. ornatum", Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany), 31: 39–43
  6. Faden, Robert B. (1992), "Floral Attraction and Floral Hairs in the Commelinaceae", Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 79 (1): 46–52, doi:10.2307/2399808, JSTOR 2399808
  7. Ridley, Henry N. (1896), "A New Genus of Commelinaceae", Journal of Botany, British and Foreign, 43: 329–330
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