Stenocercus

Stenocercus is a genus of South American lizards, commonly called whorltail iguanas, of the family Tropiduridae. This genus has 74 valid described species.[2][3]

Stenocercus
Stenocercus crassicaudatus (spiny whorltail iguana) at Machu Picchu.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Iguania
Family: Tropiduridae
Genus: Stenocercus
A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837[1]
Species

74, see text

Synonyms
  • Brachysaurus

Geographic range

The greatest species richness is in Ecuador and Peru, but members of the genus Stenocercus are also found in Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northern Argentina.[2]

Species

The following 74 species are recognized, listed alphabetically by scientific name.[2][3]

  • Stenocercus aculeatus (O’Shaughnessy, 1879)
  • Stenocercus albolineatus Teixeira, Prates, Nisa, Silva-Martins, Strüssmann, & Rodrigues, 2015
  • Stenocercus amydrorhytus Köhler & Lehr, 2015
  • Stenocercus angel Torres-Carvajal, 2000
  • Stenocercus angulifer (F. Werner, 1901)
  • Stenocercus apurimacus Fritts, 1972 – Fritts' whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus arndti Venegas et al., 2014[4]
  • Stenocercus azureus (F. Müller, 1880)
  • Stenocercus boettgeri Boulenger, 1911 – Böttger's whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus bolivarensis Castro & Ayala, 1982 – Bolivar whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus caducus (Cope, 1862)
  • Stenocercus canastra Avila-Pires, Nogueira, & Martins, 2019
  • Stenocercus carrioni Parker, 1934 – Parker's whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus catherineae Venegas, García-Ayachi, Chávez-Arribasplata, Chávez, Wong & García-Bravo, 2020
  • Stenocercus chinchaoensis (2015)
  • Stenocercus chlorostictus Cadle, 1991
  • Stenocercus chota Torres-Carvajal, 2000
  • Stenocercus chrysopygus Boulenger, 1900 – golden whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus crassicaudatus (Tschudi, 1845) – spiny whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus cupreus Boulenger, 1885 – copper whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus diploauris Venegas, Echevarria, Garcia-Ayachi, & Landauro, 2020
  • Stenocercus doellojuradoi (Freiberg, 1944)
  • Stenocercus dracopennatus Venegas, García-Ayachi, Chávez-Arribasplata, Chávez, Wong & García-Bravo, 2020
  • Stenocercus dumerilii (Steindachner, 1867)
  • Stenocercus empetrus Fritts, 1972 – rock whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus erythrogaster (Hallowell, 1856)
  • Stenocercus eunetopsis Cadle, 1991
  • Stenocercus festae (Peracca, 1897) – Peracca's whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus fimbriatus Ávila-Pires, 1995 – western leaf lizard
  • Stenocercus flagracanthus Venegas, García-Ayachi, Chávez-Arribasplata, Chávez, Wong & García-Bravo, 2020
  • Stenocercus formosus (Boulenger, 1880)
  • Stenocercus frittsi Torres-Carvajal, 2005
  • Stenocercus guentheri (Boulenger, 1885) – Günther's whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus haenschi (F. Werner, 1901) – Haensch's whorltail iguana[5]
  • Stenocercus huancabambae Cadle, 1991
  • Stenocercus humeralis (Günther, 1859) – patterned whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus imitator Cadle, 1991
  • Stenocercus iridescens (Günther, 1859)
  • Stenocercus ivitus Fritts, 1972 – ivy whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus johaberfellneri Köhler & Lehr, 2015
  • Stenocercus lache Corredor, 1983
  • Stenocercus latebrosus Cadle, 1998
  • Stenocercus limitaris Cadle, 1998
  • Stenocercus marmoratus (A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837)
  • Stenocercus melanopygus Boulenger, 1900 – dark whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus modestus (Tschudi, 1845) – modest whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus nigrobarbatus Venegas, Echevarria, Garcia-Ayachi, & Landauro, 2020
  • Stenocercus nigromaculatus Noble, 1924 – black-spotted whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus nubicola Fritts, 1972 – cloud whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus ochoai Fritts, 1972 – Ochoa whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus omari Venegas, Echevarría, García-Bueneo, & Koch, 2016
  • Stenocercus orientalis Fritts, 1972 – eastern whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus ornatissimus (Girard, 1857) – lesser ornate whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus ornatus (Gray, 1845) – Girard's whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus pectinatus (A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1835)
  • Stenocercus percultus Cadle, 1991
  • Stenocercus philmayi Venegas, García-Ayachi, Chávez-Arribasplata, Chávez, Wong & García-Bravo, 2020
  • Stenocercus praeornatus Fritts, 1972 – greater ornate whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus prionotus Cadle, 2001
  • Stenocercus puyango Torres-Carvajal, 2005
  • Stenocercus quinarius Nogueira & Rodrigues, 2006
  • Stenocercus rhodomelas (Boulenger, 1899) – red-black whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus roseiventris D’Orbigny in A.M.C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837 – rose whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus santander Torres-Carvajal, 2007
  • Stenocercus scapularis (Boulenger, 1901)
  • Stenocercus simonsii Boulenger, 1899 – Simons' whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus sinesaccus Torres-Carvajal, 2005
  • Stenocercus squarrosus Nogueira & Rodrigues, 2006
  • Stenocercus stigmosus Cadle, 1998
  • Stenocercus torquatus Boulenger, 1885
  • Stenocercus trachycephalus (A.H.A. Duméril, 1851) – Duméril's whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus tricristatus (A.H.A. Duméril, 1851)
  • Stenocercus variabilis Boulenger, 1901 – variable whorltail iguana
  • Stenocercus varius Boulenger, 1885 – keeled whorltail iguana

Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Stenocercus.

References
  1. "Stenocercus ". ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System). www.itis.gov.
  2. Stenocercus. The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.
  3. Venegas, Pablo J.; García-Ayachi, Luis A.; Chávez-Arribasplata, Juan C.; Chávez, Germán; Wong, Iván; García-Bravo, Antonio (2020-11-18). "Four new species of Stenocercus Duméril & Bibron, 1837 (Squamata, Iguania) from the Department of Amazonas in northeastern Peru". Evolutionary Systematics. 4 (2): 79–108. doi:10.3897/evolsyst.4.57578. ISSN 2535-0730.
  4. Venegas PJ, Echevarria LY, Alvarez SC (2014). "A new species of spiny-tailed iguanid lizard (Iguania: Stenocercus) from northwestern Peru". Zootaxa 3753 (1): 47-58.
  5. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Stenocercus haenschi, p. 113).

Further reading
  • Boulenger GA (1885). Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition. Volume II. Iguanidae, ... London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiii + 497 pp. + Plates I-XXIV. (Genus Stenocercus, p. 131).
  • Cadle JE (1991). "Systematics of lizards of the genus Stenocercus (Iguania: Tropiduridae) from northern Peru. New Species and comments on relationships and distribution patterns". Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 143: 1-96. [For erratum see Cadle JE (1993). Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 144: 345].
  • Duméril AMC, Bibron G (1837). Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome quatrième [Volume 4]. Paris: Roret. ii + 571 pp. (Stenocercus, new genus, pp. 349–350). (in French).
  • Goin CJ, Goin OB, Zug GR (1978). Introduction to Herpetology, Third Edition. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. xi + 378 pp. ISBN 0-7167-0020-4. (Genus Stenocercus, p. 291).
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