Stenopus hispidus

Stenopus hispidus is a shrimp-like decapod crustacean belonging to the infraorder Stenopodidea. Common names include banded coral shrimp and banded cleaner shrimp.[2]

Stenopus hispidus
S. hispidus from Batu Moncho, Indonesia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Family: Stenopodidae
Genus: Stenopus
Species:
S. hispidus
Binomial name
Stenopus hispidus
(Olivier, 1811)[1]

Distribution

Stenopus hispidus has a pan-tropical distribution,[3] extending into some temperate areas. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean from Canada to Brazil,[4] including the Gulf of Mexico.[3] In Australia, it is found as far south as Sydney and it also occurs around New Zealand.[2]

Description

Stenopus hispidus reaches a total length of 60 millimetres (2.4 in),[2] and has striking colouration. The ground colour is transparent,[5] but the carapace, abdomen and the large third pereiopod are all banded red and white.[2] The antennae and other pereiopods are white.[2] The abdomen, carapace and third pereiopods are covered in spines.[5]

Stenopus hispidus has the ability to detect individuals of its species. This trait is uncommon in invertebrates and is most likely explained through chemical signals.[6]

Ecology

Stenopus hispidus lives below the intertidal zone, at depth of up to 210 metres (690 ft),[2] on coral reefs.[5] It is a cleaner shrimp, and advertises to passing fish by slowly waving its long, white antennae.[5][7] S. hispidus uses its three pairs of claws to remove parasites, fungi and damaged tissue from the fish.[7] Stenopus hispidus is monogamous.[8] S. hispidus females are typically larger than the males.[9] Occupy a territory that is 1–2 meters in diameter.[10]

Images
  • Top view of S. hispidus (Chuuk, Micronesia)
  • Front view of S. hispidus
  • Another S. hispidus

References
  1. Charles Fransen (2010). "Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811)". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved June 11, 2011.
  2. Gary C. B. Poore & Shane T. Ahyong (2004). "Stenopodidea – coral shrimps and venus shrimps". Marine Decapod Crustacea of Southern Australia: a Guide to Identification. CSIRO Publishing. pp. 145–149. ISBN 978-0-643-06906-0.
  3. Darryl L. Felder; Fernando Álvarez; Joseph W. Goy & Rafael Lemaitre (2009). "Decapoda Crustacea of the Gulf of Mexico with Comments on the Amphionidacea". In Darryl L. Felder & David K. Camp (eds.). Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota: Biodiversity. Volume 1. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 1019–1104. ISBN 978-1-60344-094-3.
  4. "Stenopus hispidus (Olivier, 1811) banded coral shrimp". SeaLifeBase. March 23, 2010. Retrieved June 12, 2011.
  5. Gilbert L. Voss (2002). "The crustaceans". Seashore Life of Florida and the Caribbean. Courier Dover Publications. pp. 78–123. ISBN 978-0-486-42068-4.
  6. Johnson Jr, Victor R. (May 1977). "Individual recognition in the banded shrimp Stenopus hispidus (Olivier)". Animal Behaviour. 25, Part 2: 418–428. doi:10.1016/0003-3472(77)90017-3.
  7. Brian Morton & John Edward Morton (1983). "The coral sub-littoral". The Sea Shore Ecology of Hong Kong. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 253–300. ISBN 978-962-209-027-9.
  8. Conrad Limbaugh; Harry Pederson & Fenner A. Chace Jr. (1961). "Shrimps that clean fishes". Bulletin of Marine Science. 11 (2): 237–257.
  9. "Stenopus hispidus (Red-banded coral shrimp)" (PDF). The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago: 5. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
  10. "Stenopus hispidus (Red-banded coral shrimp)" (PDF). The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago: 5. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
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