Svaliava

Svaliava (Ukrainian: Свалява, Hungarian: Szolyva, Czech: Svaljava, Yiddish: סוואליאווע‎ Svalyave) is a city located on the Latorytsia River in Zakarpattia Oblast in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Svaliava Raion (district). Population: 17,183 (2020 est.)[1] .

Svaliava

Свалява
City of district significance
Flag
Coat of arms
Svaliava
Location of Svaliava
Svaliava
Svaliava (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 48°32′50″N 22°59′10″E
Country Ukraine
Oblast Zakarpattia Oblast
Raion Svaliava Raion
Founded12th century
Incorporated1957
Government
 • MayorIvan Lanyo
Population
 (2020)
 • Total17,183
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
89300
Area code(s)+380-3133
ClimateDfb
Websitehttp://www.svalyava.org/

Names

There are several alternative names used for this city: Ukrainian: Свалява, German: Schwalbach or Schwallbach, Hungarian: Szolyva, Slovak: Svaľava, Romanian: Svaliava, Russian: Свалява.

Demographics

At the 2001 census, the population included:[2]

  • Ukrainians (94.5%)
  • Russians (1.5%)
  • Hungarians (0.7%)
  • Slovaks (0.6%)

History

According to the census of 1910, 47.1% of the population was Greek Catholic, 26.2% Jewish and 22.9% Roman Catholic. The Jewish population was deported to Auschwitz by the Hungarian government in May 1944 and murdered by the Germans.

After the Second World War a concentration camp was working near the town. Hungarian and German-born civilians (born between 1896 and 1926) were carried off by Soviet forces to the camp purely on the basis of their nationality. They were ordered to report for "malenkij robot" (a corrupted Russian for "small work"), but most of them – more than 10 thousands deportees were killed in the camp. The site of the camp is now a memorial park established in 1994.[3]

  • St. Nicholas Church
  • Synagogue in Svaliava
  • Synagogue today, now the bakery is here
  • Former synagogue
  • Jewish cemetery
  • Memorial park in Svaliava

References
  1. "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
  2. https://web.archive.org/web/20070911044252/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/Zakarpattia/
  3. http://karpataljaturizmus.info/the-memorial-park-in-svalyava-town-p-537.html?language=en
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