Temblor Range

The Temblor Range is a mountain range within the California Coast Ranges, at the southwestern extremity of the San Joaquin Valley in California in the United States. It runs in a northwest-southeasterly direction along the borders of Kern County and San Luis Obispo County. The name of the range is from Spanish temblor meaning "tremor", referring to earthquakes. The San Andreas Fault Zone runs parallel to the range at the base of its western slope, on the eastern side of the Carrizo Plain, while the Antelope Plain, location of the enormous Midway Sunset, South Belridge, and Cymric oil fields, lies to the northeast.

Temblor Range
Temblor Mountains in spring; view from near State Route 58 summit
Highest point
Elevation1,176 m (3,858 ft)
Geography
location of Temblor Range in California [1]
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
DistrictSan Luis Obispo County & Kern County
Range coordinates35°19′25.877″N 119°47′48.469″W
Parent rangeCalifornia Coast Ranges
Borders onSan Emigdio Mountains and Diablo Range
Topo mapUSGS McKittrick Summit
BiomeCalifornia interior chaparral and woodlands

Peaks within the Temblor Range average about 3500 ft (1,100 m) above sea level.[2] The highest point is McKittrick Summit at 4,331 ft (1,320 m), located in the center of the range about 35 mi (56 km) west of Bakersfield.[3] The summit on State Route 58, which crosses the range, is at 3,750 feet (1,140 m) above sea level. The lowest crossing of the range is at Polonio Pass at 1,407 feet (429 m) by State Route 46 at its northern end and is separated by the Diablo Range to the north near Cholame.

Origin and composition
Southern extreme of the range, looking north, from near Maricopa.

The Temblor Range and surrounding region contains extensive outcrops of the Monterey Formation (Miocene age, about 20 to 9 million years). Rocks from the Monterey formation consist mostly of silicate shales and porcellanite (silica derived from fossil plankton in an intermediate to deep-water marine setting). Fossils and sediments from the Monterey Formation show that the Carrizo Plain region was a marine basin with shallow to intermediate depths (marine waters covered the southern San Joaquin Valley region). Marine sediments younger than about 9 million years are not preserved in the Carrizo Plain National Monument area, but they occur throughout the Kettleman Hills region (about 60 miles (97 km) north of the park). The Pliocene-age Etchegoin Formation contains marine fossils to about 4 million years old. Fossils of the Etchegoin Formation are supporting evidence that the Coast Ranges and the Temblor Range are young, having been uplifted mostly during the Pleistocene Epoch (or Quaternary Period) in the past several million years. Much of that ongoing uplift is due to tectonics associated with the San Andreas Fault and other fault systems in the region.[4]

During the Pleistocene, sometime more recently than 1.8 million years ago, an enormous block of the Temblor Range – a swath of Monterey shale more than six miles (10 km) long, a mile across, and over 2,000 feet (610 m) thick, about three cubic miles of rock in all – slid down the northeastern side of the range, covering a distance of approximately three miles and descending 2,000 feet (610 m). This mass movement completely covered the McKittrick Oil Field, giving it a highly unusual geology for an oil field, as the petroleum deposits in most oil fields are in structural or stratigraphic traps; this field is capped by an enormous mass of rock that moved off of the adjacent mountain range.[5] The Temblor Range is delineated from the San Emigdio Mountains and the Santa Ynez Mountains by State Route 166 in Maricopa. This is the Temblor Range's southern end. The Temblor Range is delineated from the Diablo Range by Polonio Pass and State Route 46, connecting the Central Valley and the Central Coast. This is the range's northern end near Cholame

References
  1. "Temblor Range". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2009-05-04.
  2. "Temblor Range", Britannica.com
  3. The Columbia Gazetteer of North America Archived 2006-04-27 at the Wayback Machine
  4. United States Geological Survey
  5. J.A. Taff: "Geology of the McKittrick Oil Field and Vicinity, Kern County, California." American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 1933 (abstract available here)
  • Allan, Stuart (2005). California Road and Recreation Atlas. Benchmark Maps. p. 92. ISBN 0-929591-80-1.
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