The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill

The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill is the debut solo album by American singer and rapper Lauryn Hill. It was released on August 25, 1998, by Ruffhouse Records and Columbia Records. The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill is a neo soul and R&B album with some songs based in hip hop soul and reggae. Its lyrics touch upon Hill's pregnancy and the turmoil within her former group the Fugees, along with themes of love and God. The album's title was inspired by the film and autobiographical novel The Education of Sonny Carson, and Carter G. Woodson's The Mis-Education of the Negro.

The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill
Studio album by
Lauryn Hill
ReleasedAugust 25, 1998
Recorded1997 – June 1998
Studio
Genre
Length69:20
Label
Producer
Lauryn Hill chronology
The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill
(1998)		 MTV Unplugged No. 2.0
(2002)
Singles from The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill
  1. "Doo Wop (That Thing)"
    Released: October 27, 1998
  2. "Ex-Factor"
    Released: December 8, 1998
  3. "Everything Is Everything"
    Released: May 4, 1999

After touring with the Fugees, Hill became involved in a romantic relationship with Jamaican entrepreneur Rohan Marley, and shortly after, became pregnant with their child. This pregnancy, as well as other circumstances in her life, inspired Hill to make a solo album. Recording sessions for the album took place from late 1997 to June 1998 mainly at Tuff Gong Studios in Kingston, as Hill collaborated with a group of musicians known as New Ark in writing and producing the songs.

The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart, selling 422,624 copies in its first week, which broke a record for first-week sales by a female artist. It was promoted with three hit singles: "Doo Wop (That Thing)", "Ex-Factor", and "Everything Is Everything". "Doo Wop (That Thing)", the lead single, peaked at number one in the US, with the latter two singles peaking within the top 40. To further promote the album, Hill made televised performances on Saturday Night Live and the Billboard Music Awards before embarking on a sold-out, worldwide concert tour.

Critics generally praised The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill for Hill's presentation of a woman's view on life and love, along with her artistic range. At the 41st Annual Grammy Awards, The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill earned 10 nominations, winning five awards, making Hill the first woman to receive that many nominations and awards in one night. The album's success propelled Hill to international superstardom, and contributed to bringing hip hop and neo soul to the forefront of popular music. New Ark, however, felt Hill and her record label did not properly credit the group on the album; a lawsuit filed by the group was settled out of court in 2001.

Since its release, the record has been ranked in numerous best-album lists, with a number of critics regarding it as one of the greatest albums of the 1990s, as well as one of the greatest albums of all time. In 2015, it was included by the Library of Congress in the National Recording Registry. As of 2018, the album has reached estimated sales of 8 million copies in the US and over 20 million copies worldwide, making it one of the best-selling albums of all-time. It remains Hill's only studio album.

Background

In 1996, Lauryn Hill met Rohan Marley while touring as a member of the Fugees. The two gradually formed a close relationship, and while on tour, Hill became pregnant with his child.[1] The pregnancy and other circumstances in her life inspired her to record a solo album. After contributing to fellow Fugees member Wyclef Jean's 1997 solo record Wyclef Jean Presents The Carnival, Hill took time off from touring and recording due to her pregnancy and cases of writer's block.[2] This pregnancy, however, renewed Hill's creativity, as she recalled in an interview several years later: "When some women are pregnant, their hair and their nails grow, but for me it was my mind and ability to create. I had the desire to write in a capacity that I hadn't done in a while. I don't know if it's a hormonal or emotional thing ... I was very in touch with my feelings at the time." Of the early writing process, Hill said, "Every time I got hurt, every time I was disappointed, every time I learned, I just wrote a song."[3]

While inspired, Hill wrote over thirty songs in her attic studio in South Orange, New Jersey.[4] Many of these songs drew upon the turbulence in the Fugees, as well as past love experiences.[5] In the summer of 1997, as Hill was due to give birth to her first child, she was requested to write a song for gospel musician CeCe Winans.[4] Several months later, she went to Detroit to work with soul singer Aretha Franklin, writing and producing her single "A Rose is Still a Rose". Franklin would later have Hill direct the song's music video.[6] Shortly after this, Hill did writing work for Whitney Houston.[7] Having written songs for artists in gospel, hip hop, and R&B, she drew on these influences and experiences to record The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill.[8]

Recording and production
Julian Marley (pictured in 2010) was one of several members from Bob Marley's family who visited the album's recording sessions in Jamaica.

Hill began recording The Miseducation in late 1997 at Chung King Studios in New York City,[9] and completed it in June 1998 at Tuff Gong Studios in Kingston, Jamaica.[10] In an interview, Hill described the first day of recording, stating: "The first day in the studio I ordered every instrument I ever fell in love with: harps, strings, timpani drums, organs, clarinets. It was my idea to record it so the human element stayed in. I didn't want it to be too technically perfect."[11] Initially, Jean did not support Hill recording a solo album, but eventually offered to help as a producer, which she did not accept.[12][13] Aside from doing work at Chung King Studios, Hill also recorded at Perfect Pair Studios in New Jersey, as well as Sony Studios,[14] with some songs having different elements recorded at different studios.[14] The bulk of the album, however, was recorded at Tuff Gong Studios in Kingston, Jamaica, the studio built by reggae musician Bob Marley.[15] Regarding this shift in environment, Hill stated: "When I started recording in New York and New Jersey, lots of people were talking to me about going different routes. I could feel people up in my face, and I was picking up on bad vibes. I wanted a place where there was good vibes, where I was among family, and it was Tuff Gong."[16] Many members of the Marley family were present in the studio during the recording sessions, among them Julian Marley, who added guitar elements to "Forgive Them Father."[15]

In an interview, recording engineer Gordon "Commissioner Gordon" Williams recalled the recording of "Lost Ones", stating: "It was our first morning in Jamaica and I saw all of these kids gathered around Lauryn, screaming and dancing. Lauryn was in the living room next to the studio with about fifteen Marley grandchildren around her, the children of Ziggy, and Stephen, and Julian, and she starts singing this rap verse, and all the kids start repeating the last word of each line, chiming in very spontaneously because they were so into the song."[17] Columbia Records considered bringing in an outside producer for the album and had early talks with RZA of the Wu-Tang Clan. However, Hill was adamant about writing, arranging, and producing the album herself: "It would have been more difficult to articulate to other people. Hey, it's my album. Who can tell my story better than me?"[18] She recalled Ruffhouse Records executive Chris Swartz ensuring her artistic freedom while recording the album: "I had total control of the album. Chris Swartz at Ruffhouse, my label, said, 'Listen, you've never done anything stupid thus far, so let me let you do your thing.'"[19]

Music and lyrics

A neo soul[25][26] and R&B album,[27] The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill incorporates musical styles such as soul, hip hop, and reggae.[28] Some songs are based in hip hop soul.[29] "When It Hurts So Bad" is musically old roots reggae mixed with soul. While mostly in English, "Forgive Them Father" and "Lost Ones" both feature singing in patois, which is the common dialect in Jamaica. Although heavily R&B, the song "Superstar" contains an interpolation of the rock song "Light My Fire" by The Doors. Hill said that she "didn't want to come out with a [Fugees] type of sound", but create "something that was uniquely and very clearly a Lauryn Hill album."[19] She also said that she did not intend for the album's sound to be commercially appealing: "There's too much pressure to have hits these days. Artists are watching Billboard instead of exploring themselves. Look at someone like Aretha, she didn't hit with her first album, but she was able to grow up and find herself. I wanted to make honest music. I don't like things to be too perfect, or too polished. People may criticize me for that, but I grew up listening to Al Green and Sam Cooke. When they hit a high note, you actually felt it."[30]

Much of Hill's lyrics dealt with motherhood, the Fugees, reminiscence, love, heartbreak, and God.[4] Commenting on the album's gospel content, Hill stated "Gospel music is music inspired by the gospels. In a huge respect, a lot of this music turned out to be just that. During this album, I turned to the Bible and wrote songs that I drew comfort from."[33] Several of the album's songs, such as "Lost Ones," "Superstar," "Ex-Factor" and "Forgive Them Father" were widely speculated as direct attacks at Fugee members Wyclef and Pras.[34][35] "Ex-Factor" was originally intended for a different artist, however, Hill decided to keep it after it was completed, due to its personal content.[36] Although a large portion of the album's love songs would turn out to be bitter from Hill's previous relationship, "Nothing Even Matters,"[37] a duet performed by Hill and R&B singer D'Angelo, showcased a brighter, more intimate perspective on the subject. The song was inspired by Hill's relationship with Rohan Marley. Speaking about "Nothing Even Matters"' lyrics, Hill remarked: "I wanted to make a love song, á la Roberta Flack & Donny Hathaway, and give people a humanistic approach to love again without all the physicality and overt sexuality."[38]

"To Zion," among the more introspective tracks on the album, spoke about how Hill's family comes before her career[20] and her decision to have her first child, even though many at the time encouraged her to abort the pregnancy, so as to not conflict with her burgeoning career.[35] In an interview she discussed the song's origin and significance, commenting "Names wouldn't come when I was ready to have him. The only name that came to me was Zion. I was like, 'is Zion too much of a weight to carry?' But this little boy, man. I would say he personally delivered me from my emotional and spiritual drought. He just replenished my newness. When he was born, I felt like I was born again."[39] She further stated: "I wanted it to be a revolutionary song about a spiritual movement, and also about my spiritual change, going from one place to another because of my son."[40]

Throughout The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill, several interludes of a teacher speaking to what is implied to be a classroom of children are played. The "teacher" was played by American poet and politician Ras Baraka speaking to a group of children in the living room of Hill's New Jersey home.[35] Hill requested that Baraka speak to the children about the concept of love, to which he improvised in the lecture.[35] Slant Magazine's Paul Schrodt remarked on the title's reference to Carter G. Woodson's The Mis-Education of the Negro: "[Hill] adopts Woodson's thesis and makes it part of her own artistic process. Like the songs themselves, the intro/outro classroom scenes suggest a larger community working to redefine itself."[21] Along with Woodson's book, the album's title was inspired by the film and autobiographical novel The Education of Sonny Carson.[35]

Release and sales

The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill was released on August 25, 1998.[20] In its first week, it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200[41] and sold 422,624 copies. The album's chart debut broke the record for first-week sales by a female artist, previously held by Madonna's Ray of Light.[42] It topped the Billboard 200 for a second consecutive week, during which it sold 265,000 copies.[43] In the United States, the album sold one million copies in less than a month and 2.4 million copies by December.[44] It spent 81 weeks on the Billboard 200,[45] and topped the Billboard Year-End Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.[46]

The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill was promoted with three singles—"Doo Wop (That Thing)", "Ex-Factor", and "Everything Is Everything"—all of which became hits and produced popular music videos.[47] The album's sales increased after Hill's appearance at the 41st Annual Grammy Awards, as it sold 234,000 more copies in the week of March 3, 1999,[48] and 200,000 copies the following week.[49] By August, it had sold 10 million copies worldwide, including nearly 700,000 in Canada.[50] On December 17, 2001, it was certified 8x platinum by the RIAA.[51] In April 2002, Columbia said that the album had sold 12 million copies worldwide,[52] and in 2009, its global sales were reported to be 19 million copies.[53] By the 2010s, it had sold more than eight million copies in the US,[54] and 20 million copies worldwide according to Sony Music.[55][56][57]

Critical reception
Professional reviews (1998)
Review scores
SourceRating
Entertainment WeeklyA[58]
The Guardian[59]
Los Angeles Times[60]
Melody Maker[61]
Muzik[62]
NME8/10[32]
Pitchfork8/10[22]
Q[63]
Rolling Stone[31]
Spin9/10[24]

The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill received highly positive reviews from contemporary critics;[64] according to Los Angeles Times journalist Geoff Boucher, it was the most acclaimed album of 1998. Reviewers frequently praised Hill's presentation of a female's view on life and love.[44] Eric Weisbard from Spin called her a "genre-bender" whose confident singing and rapping was balanced by vulnerable themes and sentiment.[24] In The New York Times, Ann Powers found it "miraculous" and "exceptional" for Hill to use "her faith, based more in experience and feeling than in doctrine," as a means of connecting "the sacred to the secular in music that touches the essence of soul."[65] AllMusic's John Bush was impressed by how she produced most of the album, "not as a crossover record, but as a collection of overtly personal and political statements", while demonstrating "performing talents, vocal range, and songwriting smarts".[20] David Browne, writing in Entertainment Weekly, called it "an album of often-astonishing power, strength, and feeling", as well as "one of the rare hip-hop soul albums" to not lose focus with frivolous guest appearances. Browne applauded Hill's artistic vision and credited her for "easily flowing from singing to rapping, evoking the past while forging a future of her own".[58] Dream Hampton of The Village Voice said she seamlessly "travels her realm within any given song",[66] while Chicago Tribune critic Greg Kot deemed the record a "vocal tour de force" with arrangements that "bristle with great ideas".[67]

In a less enthusiastic review, Q magazine's Dom Phillips felt the music's only flaw was "a lack of memorable melody" on some songs that did not utilize interesting samples,[63] while John Mulvey from NME quibbled about what he felt were redundant skits and Hill's "propensity" for histrionics and declarations of "how brilliant God is" on an otherwise "essential" album.[32] Pitchfork's Neil Lieberman found some of the ballads tedious and the melodies "cheesy".[22] Citing "Lost Ones" and "Superstar" as highlights, Village Voice reviewer Robert Christgau deemed it the "PC record of the year", featuring exceptionally understated production and skillful rapping but also inconsistent lyrics, average singing, and superfluous skits.[68] He appreciated the "knowledge [and] moral authority" of Hill's perspective and values, although he lamented her appraisal of God on record.[69] In the Los Angeles Times, Soren Baker believed Hill was more effective as a critical rapper than a singer on the more emotional songs, where her voice was "too thin to carry such heavy subject matter".[60]

Accolades

At the end of 1998, The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill was voted the second best record of the year in the Pazz & Jop, an annual poll of American critics published in The Village Voice.[70] Hill was nominated ten times for the 1999 Grammy Awards, making her the first woman to ever be nominated that many times in one year. She won five Grammys, including awards in the Best New Artist, Best R&B Song, Best Female R&B Vocal Performance, and Best R&B Album categories. The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill also won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year,[71] making it the first hip hop album to ever receive that award. Hill set a new record in the industry, as she also became the first woman to win five Grammys in one night. It also earned her nominations at the NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Female Artist, Outstanding Album, and Outstanding Song ("Doo Wop (That Thing)").[72] At the Billboard Music Awards, the record won in the R&B Album of the Year category, while "Doo Wop" won Best R&B/Urban New Artist Clip,[73] and at the 1999 American Music Awards, Hill won the award for Best New Soul/R&B artist.[74] She also won a Soul Train award and received a nomination for Best International Female Solo Artist at the Brit Awards.[75]

The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill has since appeared on a number of lists ranking the greatest albums ever; according to Acclaimed Music, it is the 154th most ranked record on critics' all-time lists.[76]

Publication Country Accolade[77] Year Rank
About.com United States 100 Greatest Hip-Hop Albums[78] 2008 43
Best Rap Albums of 1998[79] 2008 1
Associated Press The 10 Best Albums of the 1990s 1999 *
Blender 500 CDs You Must Own Before You Die 2003 *
The 100 Greatest American Albums of All time 2002 75
CD Now The 10 (+5) Essential Records of the 90s 2002 *
Ego trip Hip Hop's 25 Greatest Albums by Year 1980–98 1999 4
Hip Hop's 25 Greatest Albums by Year 1980–98 1999 5
Entertainment Weekly The 100 Best Albums from 1983 to 2008 2008 2
Gear The 100 Greatest Albums of the Century 1999 88
Ink Blot Best Albums of the 90s 2000 9
Kitsap Sun Top 200 Albums of the Last 40 Years 2005 65
Nude as the News The 100 Most Compelling Albums of the 90s 1999 40
Pause & Play 10 Albums of the 90's 2003 *
Albums Inducted into a Time Capsule 2003 *
The 90s Top 100 Essential Albums 1999 7
Robert Dimery 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die[80] 2005 *
Rolling Stone 50 Essential Female Albums 2002 32
500 Greatest Albums of All Time 2020 10
The Essential Recordings of the 90s 1999 *
100 Best Albums of the Nineties[81] 2011 5
The Source The Critics Top 100 Black Music Albums of All Time[82] 2006 10
Spin Top 100 (+5) Albums of the Last 20 Years 2005 49
Top 90 Albums of the 90s 1999 28
Tom Moon 1000 Recordings to Hear Before You Die 2008 *
VH1 The 100 Greatest Albums of R 'N' R 2001 37
Vibe 150 Albums That Define the Vibe Era 2007 *
51 Albums representing a Generation, a Sound and a Movement 2004 *
BBC Radio United Kingdom Stuart Maconie's Critical List 1999 17
Channel 4 The 100 Greatest Albums 2005 *
Elvis Costello 500 Albums You Need 2000 *
Gary Mulholland 261 Greatest Albums Since Punk and Disco 2006 *
The Guardian 1000 Albums to Hear Before You Die 2007 *
Hip-Hop Connection The 100 Greatest Rap Albums 1995–2005 2005 39
Metro Times Top 10 Albums of the 90s 1999 8
Mojo The 100 Greatest Albums of Our Lifetime 1993–2006 2006 67
The Mojo Collection 2007 *
The New Nation Top 100 Albums by Black Artists 2003 10
Q 90 Albums of the 90s 1999 *
The Ultimate Music Collection 2005 41
Top 100 Albums Ever[83] 2003 20
The Rough Guide Soul: 100 Essential CDs 2000 *
Aftenposten Norway Top 50 Albums of All Time 1999 48
Eggen & Kartvedt The Guide to the 100 Important Rock Albums 1999 *
Helsingin Sanomat Finland 50th Anniversary of Rock 2004 2
Musik Express Germany The 50 Best Albums of the 90s 2005 23
Wiener Austria The 100 Best Albums of the 20th Century 1999 100
FNAC France The 1000 Best Albums of All Time 2008 420
Rock & Folk The Best Albums from 1963 to 1999 1999 *
Dance de Lux Spain The 25 Best Hip-Hop Records 2001 12
Rock de Lux The 150 Best Albums from the 90s 2000 132
Juice Australia The 100 (+34) Greatest Albums of the 90s 1999 55
Babylon Greece The 50 Best Albums of the 1990s 1999 45
Pure Pop Mexico The 50 Best Albums of the 90s 2000 40
The Sun Canada The Best Albums from 1971 to 2000 2001 *
(*) designates lists that are unordered.

Tour
Hill toured worldwide to promote the album, starting at Budokan (pictured) in Japan.

Initially, there was no immediate tour planned due to the album not needing the promotion. Hill was also pregnant again with a child due in September 1998.[74] Her first live performances of the songs were at Saturday Night Live and the Billboard Music Awards.[84] In January 1999, Hill recruited a band and began rehearsals for what would become The Miseducation Tour.[85] Tickets sold out as soon as the tour was announced.[74]

The tour began at Budokan in Tokyo on January 21, 1999. Hill performed there again the following night, and played at two other Tokyo venues in the following week.[74] One week later, she flew to London for her performance at the Brixton Academy on February 8.[74] With 20 US dates total,[86] the American part of the tour, which featured Outkast as the opening act, started on February 18 in Detroit, and ended on April 1 in Hill's hometown of Newark, New Jersey.[86] She began the tour's 14-date European leg on May 13, when she performed at the Oslo Spektrum in Norway, closing on June 2 at the Manchester Arena in England.[87] She then returned to Japan, where the tour was completed.[75]

Hill did not want an extensive tour because of obligations to her family and the difficulties she experienced touring with the Fugees in 1996, which she found desensitizing and isolating. According to Hill biographer Chris Nickson in 1999, "there was the possibility of more dates being added ... but it was unlikely that Lauryn would be willing to make the tour more grueling and draining. She'd come to know that there was much more to life than a career."[75]

Lawsuit

Though The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill was largely a collaborative work between Hill and a group of musicians known as New Ark (Vada Nobles, Rasheem Pugh, Tejumold Newton, and Johari Newton), there was "label pressure to do the Prince thing," wherein all tracks would be credited as "written and produced by" the artist with little outside help.[12][35] While recording the album, Hill was against the idea of creating documentation defining each musician's role.[12]

In 1998, New Ark filed a 50-page lawsuit against Hill, her management and her record label, stating that Hill "used their songs and production skills, but failed to properly credit them for the work."[88] The musicians claimed to be the primary songwriters on two tracks, and major contributors on several others, though Gordon Williams, the album's mixer and engineer, described the project as a "powerfully personal effort by Hill ... It was definitely her vision."[44] In response to the lawsuit, Hill claimed that New Ark took advantage of her success.[89] New Ark requested partial writing credits and monetary reimbursement.[90] The suit was eventually settled out of court in February 2001 for a reported $5 million.[35][91]

Influence and legacy
Hill in 2005

With the album's success, Hill became a national media icon, as magazines ranging from Time to Esquire to Teen People vied to place her on their front covers. In a February 8, 1999, Time cover-story, Hill was credited for helping fully assimilate hip hop into mainstream music, making her the first hip hop artist to ever appear on the magazine's front cover.[92][93] In 2012, Rolling Stone ranked the record at number 314 in the magazine's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list, its entry reading, "Hill took Seventies soul and made it boom and signify to the hip-hop generation on her solo debut."[94] In 2020, Rolling Stone placed it 10th on a revised 500 Greatest Albums of all Time list,[95] making it the highest position for a rap album.[96] Jon Caramanica, writing in The Rolling Stone Album Guide (2004), called it "as earnest, unpretentious, and pleasantly sloppy an album as any woman of the hip-hop generation has ever made", and said that, by appealing to a wide spectrum of listeners with hip hop filtered through a "womanist lens", the album propelled Hill to superstardom "of epic proportions" and "the focal point at hip-hop's crossover into the mainstream."[97] Music journalist Peter Shapiro cited it as "the ultimate cross-over album of the hip-hop era."[98]

Retrospective professional reviews
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[20]
Christgau's Consumer Guide[99]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music[100]
The Great Rock Discography9/10[101]
Pitchfork9.5/10[23]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[97]
Slant Magazine[21]
Sputnikmusic4.5/5[102]
Tom Hull – on the WebB+[103]
XXL5/5[104]

Along with Erykah Badu's 1997 debut Baduizm, The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill was also an important release in the neo soul music scene.[105] According to Ebony magazine, it brought the neo soul genre to the forefront of popular music,[106] and became the genre's most critically acclaimed and popular album.[29] According to the Encyclopedia of African American Music (2010), "some tracks are based more in hip hop soul than neo soul, but the record is filled with live musicians and layered harmonies, and therefore it is a trendsetting record that connects modern hip hop, R&B, and classic soul music together, creating groundwork for what followed it in the neo soul genre."[29]

On The Miseducation's fifteenth anniversary in 2014, American rapper Nas reviewed the album for XXL, hailing it as a model for artists of all genres to follow. He also called it "a timeless record, pure music", and said it "represents the time period—a serious moment in Black music, when young artists were taking charge and breaking through doors."[104] In 2015, The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and selected for inclusion in the National Recording Registry.[107]

Miseducation remains Hill's only studio album. After its success, the singer shunned her celebrity and pursued a private life while raising six children, but both personal and professional difficulties followed. As Miami New Times journalist Juliana Accioly explained, "She was reported to have spent years on a spiritual quest while dealing with bipolar disorder. She was sued over songwriting credits. She served a three-month prison sentence in 2013 for tax evasion. She was deemed a diva for wanting to be called 'Ms. Hill' and criticized for her erratic performances." In October 2018, Hill embarked on a concert tour commemorating Miseducation's 20th anniversary. In its anticipation, Accioly reflected on the album in the context of the Me Too movement of recent years: "Against that backdrop, Hill's own descriptions of mistreatment carry validation and support for victims. … For women who came up during Miseducation's zenith, attending Hill's 2018 performance could serve as a measure of how much the world around them has changed — and how many things remain the same. Her crash course on life is still very much relevant: 'It could all be so simple,' but it's not."[108]

Track listing
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Intro" Lauryn Hill0:47
2."Lost Ones"Lauryn Noelle Hill
5:33
3."Ex-Factor"HillHill5:26
4."To Zion" (featuring Carlos Santana)Hill
  • Hill
  • Guevara
6:08
5."Doo Wop (That Thing)"HillHill5:19
6."Superstar"
Hill4:56
7."Final Hour"HillHill4:15
8."When It Hurts So Bad"HillHill5:42
9."I Used to Love Him" (featuring Mary J. Blige)HillHill5:39
10."Forgive Them Father"HillHill5:15
11."Every Ghetto, Every City"HillHill5:14
12."Nothing Even Matters" (featuring D'Angelo)HillHill5:49
13."Everything Is Everything"
  • Hill
  • J. Newton
Hill4:58
14."The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill"
  • Hill
  • Tejumold Newton
Hill4:17
Total length:69:20
Hidden tracks[109]
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
15."Can't Take My Eyes Off You"Bob Crewe, Bob GaudioHill3:41
16."Tell Him"HillHill4:38

Personnel

Credits are adapted from the album's liner notes.[109]

Musicians
  • Al Anderson – guitar (track: 12)
  • Tom Barney – bass (tracks: 11–13)
  • Bud Beadle – alto/tenor saxophone, flute (track: 7)
  • Robert Browne – guitar (track: 2)
  • Rudy Byrd – percussion (tracks: 3, 6, 8)
  • Che Pope – drum programming (tracks: 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 13)
  • Che Pope – drum programming (track: 8)
  • Jared Crawford – live drums (track: 4)
  • D'Angelo – Rhodes piano (track: 12)
  • DJ Supreme – DJ (track: 5)
  • Francis Dunnery – guitar (tracks: 11, 12)
  • Paul Fakhourie – bass (track: 3)
  • Dean Frasier – saxophone (tracks: 5, 10)
  • Loris Holland – keys (tracks: 12, 14); clavinet (track: 11)
  • Indigo Quartet – strings (tracks: 5, 13, 14)
  • Julian Marley – guitar (track: 10)
  • Chris Meredith – bass (tracks: 8, 10, 12)
  • Johari Newton – guitar (tracks: 2, 3, 8)
  • Tejumold Newton – piano (track: 3)
  • Vada Nobles – drum programming (tracks: 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13)
  • Arun Pandian – guitar (track 16 - Tell Him)
  • Grace Paradise – harp (tracks: 4, 6, 8)
  • James Poyser – bass (tracks: 2, 4, 9); keys (tracks: 3, 5, 6, 12)
  • Everol Ray – trumpet (tracks: 5,10)
  • Kevin Robinson – trumpet, flugelhorn (track: 7)
  • Ronald "Nambo" Robinson – trombone (tracks: 5, 10)
  • Matthew Rubano – bass (tracks: 9, 13)
  • Carlos Santana – guitar (track: 4)
  • Earl Chinna Smith – guitar (tracks: 2,10)
  • Andrew Smith – guitar (track: 7)
  • Squiddly Ranks – live drums (track: 8)
  • John R. Stephens – piano (track: 13)
  • Elizabeth Valletti – harp (track: 7)
  • Fayyaz Virti – trombone (track: 7)
  • Joe Wilson – piano (track: 14)
  • Stuart Zender – bass (track: 7)

Production
  • Errol Brown – assistant recording engineer (tracks: 2, 10)
  • Che Pope – co-producer (tracks: 2, 4)
  • Lauryn Hill – producer, executive producer (tracks: 1-16)
  • Matt Howe – recorder (track: 7)
  • Storm Jefferson – recorder (tracks: 8, 9, 11, 12); mix engineer (track: 8); assistant mix engineer (tracks: 2, 9)
  • Ken Johnson – recorder (track: 9); assistant recording engineer (track: 4)
  • Vada Nobles – co-producer (track: 2)
  • Tony Prendatt – recorder (tracks: 6, 7, 9, 12–14); engineer (track: 14)
  • Warren Riker – recorder (tracks: 4, 5, 8, 12); mix engineer (tracks: 2, 9)
  • Jamie Seigel – assistant mix engineer (track: 4)
  • Greg Thompson – assistant mix engineer (track: 3)
  • Neil Tucker – assistant recording engineer (track: 7)
  • Chip Verspyck – assistant recording engineer (tracks: 3, 7)
  • Brian Vibberts – assistant engineer (tracks: 6, 10, 12)
  • Gordon "Commissioner Gordon" Williams – recorder (tracks: 2 – 6, 8 -12); engineer (tracks: 9, 14); mixer (tracks: 2, 4 – 6, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14)
  • Johny Wyndrx – recorder (track: 4)

Vocalists
  • Lauryn Hill – vocals (tracks: 2-16)
  • Mary J. Blige – vocals (track: 9)
  • D'Angelo – vocals (track: 12)
  • Shelley Thunder – vocals (track: 10)
  • Kenny Bobien – backing vocals (track: 4)
  • Chinah – backing vocals (track: 9)
  • Jenni Fujita – backing vocals (track: 5)
  • Fundisha Johnson – backing vocals (track: 5)
  • Sabrina Johnston – backing vocals (track: 4)
  • Jenifer McNeil – backing vocals (track: 9)
  • Rasheem Pugh – backing vocals (track: 5)
  • Lenesha Randolph – backing vocals (tracks: 4, 5, 9, 13)
  • Ramon Rivera – backing vocals (track: 9)
  • Earl Robinson – backing vocals (track: 4)
  • Andrea Simmons – backing vocals (tracks: 4,9)
  • Eddie Stockley – backing vocals (track: 4)
  • Ahmed Wallace – backing vocals (tracks: 9,13)
  • Tara Watkins – backing vocals (track: 9)
  • Rachel Wilson – backing vocals (track: 9)
  • Chuck Young – backing vocals (track: 3)

Charts

Certifications
Region CertificationCertified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[157] 2× Platinum 140,000
Austria (IFPI Austria)[158] Gold 25,000*
Belgium (BEA)[159] Platinum 50,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[160] 7× Platinum 700,000^
France (SNEP)[161] 2× Gold 200,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[162] Million 1,000,000[163]
Norway (IFPI Norway)[164] Platinum 50,000*
Netherlands (NVPI)[165] Platinum 100,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[166] 3× Platinum 45,000^
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[167] Gold 50,000^
Sweden (GLF)[168] Platinum 80,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[169] Platinum 50,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[170] 3× Platinum 1,000,000[171]
United States (RIAA)[51] 8× Platinum 8,000,000^
Summaries
Europe (IFPI)[172] 2× Platinum 2,000,000*

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

See also

References

Footnotes

  1. Furman & Furman 1999, p. 112.
  2. Furman & Furman 1999, p. 102; Nickson 1999, p. 132.
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Bibliography

  • Caramanica, Jon (2004). "Lauryn Hill". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
  • Furman, Leah; Furman, Elina (1999). Heart of Soul. Ballantine Books. ISBN 0-345-43588-5.
  • Havranek, Carrie (2009). Women Icons of Popular Music: The Rebels, Rockers, and Renegades, Volume 1. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-34084-0.
  • Nickson, Chris (1999). Lauryn Hill: She's Got That Thing. St. Martin's Paperbacks. ISBN 0-312-97210-5.
  • Price, Emmett G., III; Kernodle, Tammy L.; Maxile, Jr., Horace, eds. (2010). Encyclopedia of African American Music, Volume 3. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-34199-1.

Further reading
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