The Place Beyond the Pines

Director Derek Cianfrance said the film's story came from his own personal life.

Cianfrance's inspiration for the story first started when he saw Abel Gance's 1927 silent film Napoleon, which uses a triptych (three-screen) technique to play out multiple stories at once. In 2007, the birth of Cianfrance's second son reignited the idea, and he started to think about being a father again and the responsibilities involved. "That got me to thinking about the fire I felt inside me, which had been with me for as long as I could remember. It helped me to do many things. But it was also, many times, a destructive and painful force", he said.[8] He stated it was important for him, as an artist, to do something personal and challenging.[9] He also read the works of Jack London, including the novel The Call of the Wild, and became intrigued with the idea of legacy and what our ancestors had to do for survival.[8][9] Shortly, Cianfrance met Ben Coccio, who shared a similar interest of books and films, began writing the screenplay. The third screenwriter, Darius Marder, joined the project four months before principal photography began.[8]

Meanwhile, Cianfrance was still working on the film Blue Valentine (2010), which stars Ryan Gosling. In 2007, Gosling told him about a fantasy which involved "robbing a bank, on a motorcycle, and then making a very specific getaway."[8][10] Cianfrance told Gosling, "You've got to be kidding me, I'm writing that movie right now." The pair shared numerous identical ideas, and knew that The Place Beyond the Pines would be another opportunity to work together again.[8][9] Cianfrance envisioned the story to be about fathers and sons, masculine identity, "reinvention or transformation of the self for a man over a period".[8] He added, "It's about legacy—what we're born with and what we pass on. It's about the choices we make and how those choices echo throughout generations. It's a classic tale of the sins of the father being visited upon the son".[8][9]

While Cianfrance is not a fan of violence in film, he is drawn to displaying the narrative of it and "how a gun could come in" and affect peoples' lives.[9] The first draft of the script ran over 160 pages, which required much refinements from the three writers. Once filming began, they had produced 37 versions of the script.[11] Coccio came up with the title of The Place Beyond the Pines, which is the Iroquoios translation of Schenectady—"the place beyond the pines". The city is where Coccio spent his childhood, and Cianfrance frequently visits.[11] The writers sent the final script to Sidney Kimmel Entertainment; they financed the film and gave the director and crew "a lot of trust, space and time".[11][12]

While the role of Luke Glanton was made for Ryan Gosling, Bradley Cooper was offered the role of Avery Cross, due to his same type of charisma as Gosling, and both bring a "different energy" to the screen. Cooper was hesitant signing on for the role, but Cianfrance adapted the script for Cooper, and told him that he will not make the film without him.[10] Cianfrance considered a number of actresses for the role of Romina Gutierrez, but he wanted to cast Eva Mendes from the beginning. "She has such a magnetic screen presence [...] I saw the deep, thoughtful, warm, generous, unpredictable person inside Eva", he said.[8]

The role of Peter Deluca was written for Ray Liotta, who starred in one of Cianfrance's favorite films, Goodfellas (1990).[13] Over 500 boys auditioned for the roles of Jason Glanton and A. J. Cross, with Dane DeHaan and Emory Cohen being selected, respectively. Cianfrance recalls that in the boys' first audition together, their discussion about favorite actors produced a "conflict", and he thought this chemistry would translate well on screen.[8] Greta Gerwig was reported to join the cast as Jennifer Cross, but the part went to Rose Byrne instead.[6]

Principal photography began in the summer of 2011, lasted for 47 days and took place in Schenectady, New York. Filming locations included real places, including banks, police stations, a hospital, high school and state fair. Cianfrance said it was important real places were used for "sense of place and truth".[8] While filming in these places, the extras were also real: bank tellers, police officers, hospital patients and staff, and students. Some of the cast, including Cooper and Ray Liotta, spent time with real police officers in Schenectady to learn about their roles.[11] The production went smoothly except for when Hurricane Irene struck the city which flooded the equipment trucks. The crew took a canoe to the truck and rescued the film footage that was left behind, and continued filming the next day.[8]

Cianfrance considered the cast to be collaborators, and encouraged them to improvise some of their dialogue to make it "alive" and "true".[8] Remarking on his directing style, he said "I'm not a dictator on set, I don't force my actors to do things. I allow a democracy of ideas on set".[10] He also demanded utmost commitment from the cast and crew, despite them not staying in luxury hotels or big trailers, and filming in places with bee hives and mosquito infestations.[8] Gosling learned to ride a motorcycle for filming the action scenes, and trained with stuntman Rick Miller for six hours a day for two months. Gosling performed many stunts; in one robbery scene, he had to ride in heavy traffic whilst being pursued by police, which required 22 takes to perfect.[14][13] He also gained 40 pounds (18 kg) of muscle and worked with designer Ben Shields to design tattoos for his character's body.[10]

Sean Bobbitt served as cinematographer, who preferred using handheld cameras and natural lighting. Cianfrance saw Bobbitt's experience as a war photographer as an advantage, and was impressed with his process and sense of composition, which proved useful for a scene in the beginning which featured a tracking shot towards the globe of death.[8][15] Bobbitt initially stood inside the globe to capture footage of the motorcyclists, but a bike hit his head and he suffered a concussion. As a result, the director did not allow him inside again.[16] Editing proved to be a challenge due to the amount of story to explore, and the rough cut of the film ran in excess of three hours.[11] Cianfrance's close friends, Jim Helton and Ron Patane, served as editors which made the experience "bearable".[11] The final cut of the film took nine months, seven days a week and sixteen hours a day, to complete.[8]

The film received a limited release in the United States on March 29, 2013, followed by a wide release on April 12, 2013.[19] The film earned $21.4 million in North America and $25.6 million internationally for a worldwide $47 million, against its $15 million production budget.[2]

The Place Beyond the Pines was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 6, 2013.[20][21] A limited edition steelbook was also released, which included audio commentary from the director, deleted and extended scenes, as well as behind-the-scenes footage.[22][23]

On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 78% based on 223 reviews, with an average score of 7.23/10. The site's critical consensus reads: "Ambitious to a fault, The Place Beyond the Pines finds writer/director Derek Cianfrance reaching for—and often grasping—thorny themes of family, fatherhood, and fate."[24] The film has a score of 68 out of 100 on Metacritic based on 42 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[25]

Writing for the Indiewire "Playlist" blog, Kevin Jagernauth praised the film as an "ambitious epic that is cut from some of the same thematic tissue as Cianfrance's previous film, but expands the scope into a wondrously widescreen tale of fathers, sons and the legacy of sins that are passed down through the generations".[26] The Daily Telegraph critic, Robbie Collin, drew attention to the film's "lower-key and largely un-starry third act" that was criticized in early reviews. "In fact, it's the key to deciphering the entire film," he wrote. Collin drew parallels between Gosling's character and James Dean's Jim Stark in Rebel Without a Cause (1955), and said Cianfrance's film was "great American cinema of the type we keep worrying we've already lost."[27] Toronto Star's Peter Howell gave the film a positive review, writing "The Place Beyond the Pines flirts with exhaustion and threatens credulity with its extreme generational conflicts and use of coincidence. Cianfrance and his sterling cast keep it all together [...] There’s a palpable sense of teamwork that brings out the best in all of these players."[28] Claudia Puig of USA Today complimented the film for its "insightful study of masculinity", visual style and engaging look at a multi-generational saga. Puig opined that it was one of 2013's boldest films.[29]

Writing for the Los Angeles Times, Betsy Sharkey described the film as "intimate" and praised the actors performances despite a bulky script.[30] In his review for Chicago Tribune, Michael Phillips gave the film 3½ out of 4 stars; he thought the transition between the three stories gave the film humanistic quality. "The people in it really do seem like people, not pieces of plot", he wrote. However, he was critical of the last third of the film, which felt long, but credited the cinematography, music and editing for keeping the "momentum flowing subtly".[31] David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter praised the acting, cinematography, atmosphere, and score, but criticized the film's narrative flow.[32] Henry Barnes of The Guardian gave a mixed review, writing: "The Place Beyond the Pines is ambitious and epic, perhaps to a fault. It's a long, slow watch in the final act, a detour into the next generation that sees the sons of Luke and Avery pick away at their daddy issues together. Cianfrance signposts the ripple effects of crime with giant motorway billboards, then pootles along, following a storyline that drops off Mendes and Byrne before winding on to its obvious conclusion."[33] Slant Magazine's Ed Gonzalez gave the film a negative review, and criticized the film's plot, themes, "self-importance", shallow characters, and melodramatic nature.[34]

Top-ten lists

The film appeared in the following critics' top-ten lists:

• 5th — Randy Myers, San Jose Mercury News[35]
• 6th — Kristopher Tapley, Hitfix[36]
• 6th — Richard Lawson, Vanity Fair[37]
• 7th — Total Film[38]
• 9th — Den of Geek[39]
• 9th — Kyle Smith, New York Post[40]
• 10th — Lisa Kennedy, The Denver Post[41]
• 10th — Steve Persall, The Tampa Bay Times[42]
• No order — Stephen Witty, The Star-Ledger[43]
• No order — Claudia Puig, USA Today[44]