Tom Webb-Bowen

Sir Tom Ince Webb-Bowen
Sir Tom Ince Webb-Bowen
Born	17 January 1879
Died	29 October 1956 (aged 77)
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service/branch	British Army (1899–1918); Royal Air Force (1918–41)
Years of service	1899–1933; 1939–41
Rank	Air Vice Marshal
Commands held	Wessex Bombing Area (1931–33); Air Member for Personnel (1930–31); RAF Middle East (1926–29); Inland Area (1924–26); No. 3 Group (1923–24); RAF India (1920–22); South Eastern Area (1919); II Brigade RFC (1916–17, 1918–19); VII Brigade RFC (1917–18); No. 3 Wing RFC (1915–16); No. 2 Squadron (1915)
Battles/wars	First World War; Second World War
Awards	Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath; Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George; Mentioned in Despatches (3); Order of Saint Anna, 3rd Class with Swords (Russia); Officer of the Order of Leopold (Belgium); Officer of the Legion of Honour (France); Croix de guerre (France); Officer of the Military Order of Savoy (Italy)

Air Vice Marshal Sir Tom Ince Webb-Bowen, KCB, CMG, DL (17 January 1879 – 29 October 1956) was a senior commander in the Royal Air Force during the first half of the 20th century.

Early life

Tom Ince Webb-Bowen was born on 17 January 1879, the son of Thomas Ince Webb-Bowen (senior) who served as the Chief Constable of Pembrokeshire Police from 1 January 1879 to 1 December 1906.

RAF career

Webb-Bowen was initially commissioned into a militia battalion of the Middlesex Regiment, later got a regular army commission into the Bedfordshire Regiment and was appointed the Adjutant of the Madras Volunteer Corps while serving in India.[1] Finding himself unsuited to regimental life, Webb-Bowen learnt to fly in 1912.[1] After several weeks as a Royal Flying Corps flight commander, he was posted to the Central Flying School as an instructor where he later served as the Assistant Commandant.[1]

In March 1915 Major Webb-Bowen took over command of No. 2 Squadron[1] while the squadron was located at Merville, France. During his short tenure there were two significant events. Firstly, because of the difficulty suffered by ground troops in communicating their advance to higher command, a technique was developed whereby troops on the ground could convey their position by laying strips of white cloth on the ground. (These strips are referred to as "Popham strips" in a novel,[2] and Webb-Bowen's predecessor was Robert Brooke-Popham.) Aircraft from No. 2 Squadron would then relay by WT the co-ordinates noted. The second and more historically significant event was the award of the first Victoria Cross awarded for bravery in the air, to Lieutenant William Rhodes-Moorhouse. Major Webb-Bowen handed over command to Major Becke in June 1915 following his posting to Home Establishment. He continued his war service commanding No. 3 Wing RFC from May 1915, and then as Brigadier-General Commanding first II Brigade RFC, then VII Brigade RFC and then II Brigade RFC again.[1] He commanded these brigades in France and Italy.[3]

After the war he was appointed Air Officer Commanding South Eastern Area and then Air Officer Commanding RAF India.[1] He was appointed Air Officer Commanding No. 3 Group in 1923, Air Officer Commanding Inland Area in 1924[4] and Air Officer Commanding Middle East Command in 1925.[1] He then went on to be Air Member for Personnel in 1930 and Air Officer Commanding Wessex Bombing Area in 1931 before retiring on 26 September 1933.[1]

He was recalled during the Second World War to be Duty Air Commodore in the Operations Room at Headquarters Fighter Command.[1]

References

Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation – Air Vice-Marshal Sir Tom Webb-Bowen
"C", Tom McCarthy
A Reunion Dinner Flight International, 3 May 1934
Battle of Britain – 1940

Military offices
Preceded by Hugh Trenchard	Assistant Commandant of the Central Flying School 7 August 1914 – 8 March 1915	Succeeded by Duncan Pitcher
Preceded by George Dawes	Officer Commanding No. 2 Squadron 8 March – 27 May 1915	Succeeded by John Becke
Preceded by Robert Brooke-Popham	Officer Commanding No. 3 Wing 27 May – 2 June 1915	Succeeded by John Higgins
Preceded by John Salmond	Brigadier-General Commanding II Brigade RFC 1916–1917	Succeeded by John Becke
New title Brigade established	Brigadier-General Commanding VII Brigade RFC 1917–1918	Brigade disbanded Title next held by Charles Lambe in 1918
Preceded by John Becke	Brigadier-General Commanding II Brigade RFC 1918	Brigade disbanded
New title Formed from Indian Group	Air Officer Commanding RAF India 1920–1922	Succeeded by Philip Game
Vacant Title last held by Arthur Longmore	Air Officer Commanding No. 3 Group 1923–1924	Succeeded by Lionel Charlton
Preceded by Oliver Swann	Air Officer Commanding RAF Middle East 1926–1929	Succeeded by Francis Scarlett
Preceded by Sir John Salmond	Air Member for Personnel 1930–1931	Succeeded by Sir Edward Ellington

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[air-1] Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation – Air Vice-Marshal Sir Tom Webb-Bowen

[2] "C", Tom McCarthy

[3] A Reunion Dinner Flight International, 3 May 1934

[4] Battle of Britain – 1940

Chief of the Air Staff
Chief of the Air Staff and Commander-in-Chief, Indian Air Force (1950–1955)	Sir Thomas Elmhirst Sir Ronald Ivelaw-Chapman Gerald Gibbs** Subroto Mukerjee
Chief of the Air Staff (1955–present)	Subroto Mukerjee Aspy Engineer Arjan Singh Pratap Chandra Lal Om Prakash Mehra Hrushikesh Moolgavkar Idris Hasan Latif Dilbagh Singh Lakshman Madhav Katre Denis La Fontaine Surinder Mehra Nirmal Chandra Suri Swaroop Kaul Satish Kumar Sareen Anil Tipnis Srinivasapuram Krishnaswamy Shashindra Pal Tyagi Fali Homi Major Pradeep Vasant Naik Norman Anil Kumar Browne Arup Raha Birender Singh Dhanoa Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria (incumbent)
(**Seconded from the Royal Air Force)

Royal Air Force generals
RAF generals between 1 April 1918 and 31 July 1919
Brigadier-Generals	Charles Burnett Percy Robert Clifford Groves Edgar Ludlow-Hewitt John Miles Steel
Major-Generals	Edward Ashmore Sefton Brancker George Cayley Edward Ellington Philip Game Frederick Gordon Frederick Heath-Caldwell John Higgins Mark Kerr Charles Lambe Charles Longcroft Godfrey Paine Geoffrey Salmond John Salmond Frederick Sykes Hugh Trenchard Tom Webb-Bowen
Lieutenant-Generals	David Henderson John de Mestre Hutchison