Charles Burnett (RAF officer)

Charles Burnett was born in Browns Valley, Minnesota, United States on 3 April 1882. He was the second son of John Alexander Burnett and Charlotte Susan Burnett. John Burnett was originally from the Scottish village of Kemnay in Aberdeenshire.[1]

Burnett was educated at Bedford School in England. His younger brother was Robert Burnett who was later knighted and rose to the rank of admiral.[1]

In 1899, Burnett enlisted as a private in the Imperial Yeomanry in order to fight in the Second Boer War. Burnett claimed to be 18 when he was in fact only 17.[1] He was discharged in 1901 in order that he might take a commission and he was gazetted as a second lieutenant in the Highland Light Infantry in October 1901.[2] Burnett was then attached to the Imperial Yeomanry for the next three years.[2][3] He temporarily held the rank of lieutenant from 26 April 1902[4] to 7 February 1903.[5]

On 20 August 1904, Burnett was seconded to the West African Frontier Force.[6] During the next five years Burnett saw action in Northern Nigeria, contracted blackwater fever, was promoted to lieutenant and was twice mentioned in despatches.[1][2][7]

Burnett resigned his commission in September 1909[8] and then entered business as a part-owner of a shop in Portuguese Guinea.[9] He did not meet with particular success as a businessman and by 1911 was employed by the British diplomatic service as the assistant resident in Ilorin, Nigeria.[1][9]

With the outbreak of hostilities in 1914, Burnett rejoined the British Army. After qualifying as a pilot in November 1914,[10] he was commissioned as a lieutenant on 4 December 1914.[11] Burnett married Sybil Pack-Beresford just six days before his first posting as a Royal Flying Corps wing adjutant, which brought a temporary promotion to captain.[1][2][12] In May 1915, Burnett was posted as a flight commander on No. 17 Squadron where he flew BE2c from Gosport and then Egypt.[2] He became a substantive captain on 1 October 1916.[13]

On 2 April 1916, Burnett was promoted to temporary major and appointed Officer Commanding of No. 36 Squadron, which was stationed in Cramlington. In October the same year Burnett was sent to the Western Front as Officer Commanding No. 12 Squadron. During his tour as Officer Commanding No. 12 Squadron, Burnett was once again mentioned in despatches.[2]

With a promotion to temporary lieutenant colonel on 8 October 1917,[14] Burnett was granted command of the Flying Corps' Fifth Wing[2] which was operating in Palestine. Following his wing's contribution to the British victory in the Battle of Jerusalem in December 1917, Burnett was awarded the Distinguished Service Order.[1][15] He was also awarded the Egyptian Order of the Nile, Third Class,[16] and in the 1919 King's Birthday Honours he was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in recognition of his wartime service in Egypt.[17]

By the close of the war, Burnett had transferred to the newly formed Royal Air Force (RAF) and the next few years of his military career were to involve many changes of post. In 1919, Burnett was promoted to the temporary rank of brigadier general[18] and appointed (again temporarily) as General Officer Commanding the RAF's Palestine Brigade. Later the same year, he accepted the offer of a permanent commission in the RAF with the rank of wing commander.

In April 1920, Burnett was given command of the RAF's Mesopotamian Wing and when the wing was upgraded to a group, he worked as a staff officer at the group's HQ. From February to October 1921, Burnett was a supernumerary, first at the HQ Middle East Area and then at No. 7 Group where he was sent pending his next posting. It was during this time that Burnett was promoted to group captain, although for some of the period he was on the half-pay list.[19]

Burnett took up command of No. 29 Group in October 1921 but this was a short-lived appointment. In April 1922, Burnett was posted as station commander of RAF Leuchars which was a training base at that time. Once again Burnett did not spend long in post. By December 1922, he was a supernumerary once more, this time at the RAF Depot.[2] From 1923-early 1927, Burnett served as the Deputy Director of Operations and Intelligence[2] at the Air Ministry.[1][20][21] He was made a Companion of the Bath (CB) in the 1927 New Year Honours.[22] Burnett was then posted as the Commandant of the Central Flying School where he served until January 1929.[2]

Having just been promoted to air commodore,[23] Burnett's next tour saw him return to Iraq as the Senior Air Staff Officer at the HQ of Iraq Command where he served for the next two years. In early 1931, he returned to the United Kingdom and he was appointed to the double-hatted position of Deputy Chief of the Air Staff and Director of Operations and Intelligence.[24] Burnett was promoted air vice-marshal the following July and he remained in post for a little under a year and a half.[2][25][26]

In November 1932, Burnett returned to Iraq once more, this time as the Air Officer Commanding Iraq Command which placed him in charge of all British forces in Iraq. During his time in command Burnett was involved in the suppression of several tribal incursions near Kuwait and during one such occasion Burnett was wounded.[1]

Burnett returned to Great Britain at the start of 1935 to take up command of the RAF's Inland Area. At the start of 1936, whilst Burnett was Air Officer Commanding Inland Area, he was promoted to air marshal[27] and made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in the New Year Honours list.[28] Later that year the RAF's command structure underwent a major reorganization. One of the changes was the redesignation of Inland Area as Training Command and Burnett became the command's first Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief. The next three years placed great demands upon Burnett and his command; as the threat from the German Luftwaffe increased, Training Command played a key role in the expansion of the RAF.[2][9]

In July 1939, just prior to the outbreak of the Second World War, Burnett was appointed an additional Inspector-General of the RAF[29] and in August he was a member of British military mission to the Soviet Union.[9]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles Burnett (RAF officer).

• Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation – Air Chief Marshal Burnett
• Gillison, Douglas (1962). Australia in the War of 1939–1945: Series Three (Air) Volume I – Royal Australian Air Force 1939–1942. Canberra: Australian War Memorial.
• Helson, Peter (2006). "Ten Years at the Top" (PDF). University of New South Wales. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 February 2008. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
• Odgers, George (1984). The Royal Australian Air Force: An Illustrated History. Brookvale, NSW: Child & Henry. ISBN 0-86777-368-5.
• Stephens, Alan (2006) [2001]. The Royal Australian Air Force: A History. London: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-555541-4.