Typhoon Malakas (2016)

Map plotting the track and the intensity of the storm, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale

During September 11, both the JMA and the JTWC started to monitor Tropical Depression 18W approximately 58 km (36 mi) south of Hagåtña, Guam.[1][2] Due to decent organization and improved banding, JTWC upgraded 18W to a tropical storm.[3][4] 18W was fully upgraded to a named tropical storm by the JMA few hours later and was named Malakas.[5] By September 13, Malakas had improved in its organization and was already strengthening with deep convection wrapping into its LLCC;[6] the JMA upgraded Malakas to a severe tropical storm thereafter.[7] In the same time, Malakas had entered the Philippine area of Responsibility, with PAGASA assigning the local name Gener.[8] Later, it was reported that Malakas was located in marginal conditions for further development due to wind shear caused by the proximity of the outflow of Typhoon Meranti.[9] However the JMA upgraded Malakas to a typhoon three hours later.[10] With improving conditions, it was reported that a cold dense overcast was forming and the JTWC upgraded Malakas to a Category 1 typhoon during the next day.[11]

By September 15, Malakas was over in very favorable conditions of Sea surface temperature (SSTs) of nearly 30 °C (86 °F) and was later upgraded to a Category 2 typhoon.[12][13] After maintaining this intensity for six hours, satellite imagery depicted an improved deep convection and a well-defined 10 nmi (19 km; 12 mi) eye feature, as Malakas rapidly intensified into a Category 4 typhoon.[14] Malakas reached its peak intensity with 1-minute sustained winds of 215 km/h (130 mph) and a minimum pressure of 930 hPa (27.46 inHg). The JMA had 10-minute sustained winds of 175 km/h (110 mph) on midnight of September 17.[15] Shortly thereafter, its eye became cloud-filled and ragged and weakened to a Category 3 typhoon.[16] Later in that same day, Malakas further weakened to a Category 2 as satellite imagery depicted warming cloud tops, decreasing convection and SSTs of only around 28 °C (82 °F).[17] However, by September 18, Malakas started to re-intensify as it moved east-northeastward.[18] Malakas reached its secondary peak intensity on September 19, but only as a Category 3 typhoon.[19] Malakas then started to weaken due to land interaction with Japan.[20] On September 20, the JTWC downgraded Malakas to a tropical storm,[21] while the JMA downgraded it to a severe tropical storm,[22] because at around 00:00 JST on September 20 (15:00 UTC on September 19), Malakas made landfall over the Ōsumi Peninsula in Japan.[23] It subsequently crossed Cape Muroto at around 11:00 JST (02:00 UTC) and made landfall over Tanabe at around 13:30 JST (04:30 UTC).[24][25] Both agencies issued their final advisory later that day as it became extratropical.[26][27]

• Typhoon Jelawat (2012)
• Typhoon Neoguri (2014)
• Typhoon Vongfong (2014)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Malakas (2016).

• JMA General Information of Typhoon Malakas (1616) from Digital Typhoon
• JMA Best Track Data of Typhoon Malakas (1616) (in Japanese)
• 19W.MALAKAS from the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory