United Andhra Pradesh (1956-2014)

Andhra Pradesh, retrospectively referred to as either United Andhra Pradesh or Undivided Andhra Pradesh, was a state in India formed by States Reorganisation Act, 1956 with Hyderabad as its capital and was reorganised by Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014. The state was made up of three distinct cultural regions of Telangana, Rayalseema and Coastal Andhra. Telangana was part of Hyderabad State formerly ruled by Nizam of Hyderabad, where as Rayalseema and Coastal Andhra were part of Andhra State which was again formerly part of Madras state ruled by British Raj.

This article is about a former state. For the present-day state, see Andhra Pradesh.
Andhra Pradesh
Former State of India
1956–2014

Map of India showing the United Andhra Pradesh just after the States Reorganisation Act, 1956
History 
• State established
1 November 1956
• State reorganised
2 June 2014
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Andhra State
Hyderabad State (1948-1956)
Andhra Pradesh
Telangana

History
Main article: Telangana movement
Map of the United Andhra Pradesh

In an effort to gain an independent state based on linguistic identity, and to protect the interests of the Telugu people of Madras State, Potti Sreeramulu fasted to death in 1952. As Madras became a bone of contention, in 1949 a JVP committee report stated: "Andhra Province could be formed provided the Andhras give up their claim on the city of Madras (now Chennai)". After Potti Sreeramulu's death, the Telugu-speaking area of Andhra State was carved out of Madras State on November 31 1953, with Kurnool as its capital city.[1] On the basis of the gentlemen's agreement of 1 November 1956, the States Reorganisation Act formed Andhra Pradesh by merging Andhra State with the Telugu-speaking areas of the already existing Hyderabad State.[2] Hyderabad was made the capital of the new state. The Marathi speaking areas of Hyderabad State merged with Bombay State and the Kannada speaking areas were merged with Mysore State which was later renamed as Karnataka.[3]

In February 2014, the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 bill was passed by the Parliament of India for the formation of the Telangana state comprising ten districts. Hyderabad will remain as a joint capital for not exceeding ten years.[4] The new state of Telangana came into existence on 2 June 2014 after approval from the President of India.[5] Number of petitions questioning the validity of Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014 is long pending for the verdict since April 2014 before the supreme court constitutional bench.[6][7]

References
  1. "Post-Independence Era, then and now". aponline.gov.in. Archived from the original on 20 December 2013. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  2. "Know Hyderabad: History". Pan India Network. 2010. Archived from the original on 21 September 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2010.
  3. "How Andhra Pradesh celebrated its formation day". Live Mint. 1 November 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
  4. "The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014" (PDF). India Code Legislative Department. Ministry of Law and Justice. 1 March 2014. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015.
  5. "Telangana State to Be Born on June 2". The New Indian Express. IANS. Archived from the original on 6 July 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  6. "Supreme court refers Telangana petitions to constitution bench". NDTV. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2016.
  7. "The story of India's 29th State — Telangana". The Hindu. 1 June 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2019.
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