Vân Đồn District

Vân Đồn (listen) is a rural district of Quảng Ninh Province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 39,157.[1] The district covers an area of 551 km². The district capital lies at Cái Rồng.[1] The district is selected as a Special Economic Zone, and is rapidly being developed. It is connected by motorway to Hai Phong and Ha Long, and served by Van Don International Airport.[2]

Vân Đồn District

Huyện đảo Vân Đồn
District (Island)
Vân Đồn Island District
Quan Lạn Island
Country Vietnam
RegionNortheast
ProvinceQuảng Ninh
CapitalCái Rồng
Area
 • Total213 sq mi (551 km2)
Population
 (2003)
 • Total39,157
Time zoneUTC+07:00 (Indochina Time)

History

The name Vân Đồn stems from the Vân Mountain on Quan Lạn Island, Quang Ninh province, Vietnam. In AD 980, the early Lê Dynasty of Vietnam (980-1009) set up an army outpost there. In 1149 under the reign of Lý Anh Tông (1138-1175), the Vân Đồn island authority was officially formed as a strategic location, at the same time as a busy trading port of Đại Việt. The port was bustling under the dynasties of Lý (1009-1225), Trần (1225-1400), and later Lê (1442-1789) hosting trading ships from other countries.[3][4]

Vân Đồn is also home to various historical sites representing important events in the Vietnamese national fight against foreign invaders. In 1288, on the Mang River on Quan Lạn Island, under the command of General Trần Khánh Dư, the Vietnamese troops defeated Yuan-Mongol invaders in the historic Bạch Đằng victory.[4]

Fujian was the origin of the ethnic Chinese Trần dynasty royal family who migrated to Vietnam along with a large amount of other Chinese during the Lý dynasty where they served as officials. Distinctly Chinese last names are found in the Trần and Lý dynasty Imperial exam records.[5] Ethnic Chinese are recorded in Trần and Lý dynasty records of officials.[6] Clothing, food, and language were all Chinese dominated in Vân Đồn where the Trần had moved to after leaving their home province of Fujian. The Chinese language could still be spoken by the Trần in Vietnam.[7] The ocean side area of Vietnam was colonized by Chinese migrants from Fujian which included the Trần among them located to the capital's southeastern area.[8][9] The Red River Delta was subjected to migration from Fujian including the Trần and Vân Đồn port arose as a result of this interaction.[10] Guangdong and Fujian Chinese moved to the Halong located Vân Đồn coastal port during Ly Anh Tong's rule in order to engage in commerce.[11] The usurpation of the Lý occurred after they married with the fishing Fujianese Trần family.[12]

Administrative divisions

Cái Rồng, Đông Xá, Hạ Long, Bình Dân, Đoàn Kết, Đài Xuyên, Vạn Yên, Minh Châu, Quan Lạn, Ngọc Vừng, Bản Sen, Thắng Lợi.

References
  1. "Districts of Vietnam". Statoids. Retrieved March 23, 2009.
  2. http://english.vietnamnet.vn/fms/business/190981/van-don-changes-rapidly--ready-for-special-economic-zone.html
  3. Nguyen, Kim Dinh (2016). Vân Đồn: An international port of Đại Việt. In Early Modern Southeast Asia, 1350–1800. New York: Taylor & Francis. pp. 124–215. ISBN 978-1-315-73384-5.
  4. "Vân Đồn District plans for the future". vietnamnews.vn. Retrieved 2019-03-10.
  5. Alexander Woodside (1971). Vietnam and the Chinese Model: A Comparative Study of Vietnamese and Chinese Government in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century. Harvard Univ Asia Center. pp. 8–. ISBN 978-0-674-93721-5.
  6. Geoffrey C. Gunn (1 August 2011). History Without Borders: The Making of an Asian World Region, 1000-1800. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 112–. ISBN 978-988-8083-34-3.
  7. K. W. Taylor (9 May 2013). A History of the Vietnamese. Cambridge University Press. pp. 120–. ISBN 978-1-107-24435-1.
  8. Kenneth R. Hall (2008). Secondary Cities and Urban Networking in the Indian Ocean Realm, C. 1400-1800. Lexington Books. pp. 159–. ISBN 978-0-7391-2835-0.
  9. Hall (1 January 1955). Secondary Cities & Urban Networking in the Indian Ocean Realm, c. 1400-1800. Lexington Books. pp. 159–. ISBN 978-0-7391-3043-8.
  10. Jayne Werner; John K. Whitmore; George Dutton (21 August 2012). Sources of Vietnamese Tradition. Columbia University Press. pp. 29–. ISBN 978-0-231-51110-0.
  11. Philippe Truong (2007). The Elephant and the Lotus: Vietnamese Ceramics in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. MFA Pub. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-87846-717-4.
  12. Ainslie Thomas Embree; Robin Jeanne Lewis (1988). Encyclopedia of Asian history. Scribner. p. 190. ISBN 9780684189017.

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