Vickers F.B.11

The Vickers F.B.11 was a prototype British three-seat escort fighter of the First World War. A large single-engined biplane, it carried one gunner in a nacelle mounted on the upper wing to give an allround field of fire. Only a single example was completed.

F.B.11
Role Escort fighter
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer Vickers Limited
Designer R. L Howard-Flanders
First flight 1916
Number built 1

Development and design

In early 1916, the British War Office drew up a specification for a multi-seat escort fighter to be powered by one of the new Rolls-Royce Eagle engines, intended to protect formations of bombers from German fighters such as the Fokker E.I, with an additional role of destroying enemy airships.[1] While the specification did not require high speed, a good field of fire for its guns was essential,[2] while the secondary anti-Zeppelin role demanded an endurance of at least seven hours.[1]

Orders were placed for prototypes from Armstrong Whitworth (the F.K.6), Sopwith (the L.R.T.Tr.) and Vickers. All three designs were driven by the need to provide wide fields of fire in the absence of an effective synchronisation gear that would allow safe firing of guns through the propeller disc.[1]

The Vickers response, the F.B.11, designed by R. L. Howard-Flanders, was a large, single-bay, biplane of tractor layout. The pilot and one gunner sat in separate but closely spaced cockpits under the trailing edge of the upper wing, while a second gunner sat in a nacelle, or "fighting top", attached to, and extending forward of the upper wing.[2][3] The Eagle engine was mounted in a clean cowling, with the radiator fitted behind the engine in the fuselage.[4]

Two prototypes were ordered, with the first flying in September–October 1916,[2] being tested at RNAS Eastchurch in November that year.[5] It proved to have poor lateral control and performance, and was destroyed in a crash.[6] The second prototype was not completed,[7] and as effective synchronising gears were now available (including Vickers' own Vickers-Challenger gear), none of the escort fighters were developed further.[8]

Specifications

Data from War Planes of the First World War:Volume Three Fighters[6]

General characteristics

  • Crew: three (pilot and two gunners)
  • Length: 43 ft 0 in (13.11 m)
  • Wingspan: 51 ft 0 in (15.54 m)
  • Height: 13 ft 8 in (4.17 m)
  • Wing area: 845 sq ft (78.5 m2)
  • Empty weight: 3,340 lb (1,515 kg)
  • Gross weight: 4,934 lb (2,238 kg)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Rolls-Royce Eagle III water-cooled V-12, 250 hp (190 kW)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 96 mph (154 km/h, 83 kn) at 5,000 ft (1,500 m)
  • Endurance: 7.5 hr
  • Service ceiling: 11,000 ft (3,400 m)
  • Time to altitude:
    • 16 min to 5,000 ft (1,500 m)
    • 55 min to 10,000 ft (3,000 m)

Armament

  • Guns: 1× .303 in (7.7 mm) Lewis gun in nacelle, 1× Lewis gun in rear gunners cockpit

See also

Notes
  1. Bruce 1957, p. 25.
  2. Mason 1992, p. 67.
  3. Green and Swanborough 1994, p. 577.
  4. Bruce 1957, p. 572.
  5. Andrews and Morgan 1988, p. 69.
  6. Bruce 1969, p. 100.
  7. Green and Swanborough 1994, p. 578.
  8. Lewis 1979, p. 99.

References
  • Andrews, C. F., and Morgan, E. B. Vickers Aircraft since 1908. London: Putnam, 1988. ISBN 0-85177-815-1.
  • Bruce, J. M. British Aeroplanes 1914-18. London: Putnam, 1957.
  • Bruce, J. M. War Planes of the First World War: Volume Three Fighters. London: Macdonald, 1969. ISBN 0-356-01490-8.
  • Green, William, and Swanborough, Gordon. The Complete Book of Fighters. New York: Smithmark, 1994. ISBN 0-8317-3939-8.
  • Lewis, Peter. The British Fighter since 1912. London: Putnam, Fourth edition, 1979. ISBN 0-370-10049-2.
  • Mason, Francis K. The British Fighter since 1912. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press, 1992. ISBN 1-55750-082-7
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