Void galaxy

A void galaxy is a galaxy which exists in cosmological voids.[2] Few galaxies exist in voids; most galaxies exist in sheets, walls and filaments that surround voids and supervoids.[3][4] Many of the void galaxies are connected to each other through void filaments[5] or tendrils,[6] lightweight versions of the regular galaxy filaments that surround voids. These filaments are often straighter than their regular counterparts due to the lack of influence by surrounding filaments.[5] These filaments can even be rich enough to form poor groups of galaxies.[7] The void galaxies themselves are thought to represent pristine examples of galactic evolution, having few neighbours, and likely to have formed from pure intergalactic gas.[8]

MCG+01-02-015 is a void galaxy, one of the most isolated in the known universe. Its isolation is so great that if the Milky Way were to be situated in the same way, humans would not have known of the existence of other galaxies until the 1960s.[1]

Formation

It is theorised by many astrophysicists that void galaxies are the result of large galactic filaments being pulled by the gravity of a major super cluster out of the less densely populated areas causing voids such as the Boötes void to grow, galaxies such as MCG+01-02-015 are sometimes left behind from events such as these.[9]

List of void galaxies
This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
Galaxy Void Filament Notes Comments
PC 1357+4641 Boötes void [10] Emission-line Galaxy
IRAS 14288+5255 Boötes void [10] AGN X-ray source
G 1432+5302 Boötes void [11] Starburst galaxy
G 1458+4944 Boötes void [11] LINER galaxy
G 1507+4554 Boötes void [11] Starburst galaxy
G 1510+4727A & G 1510+4727B Boötes void [11] Interacting galaxy pair
BHI 1514+3819 Boötes void [10]
FSS 1515+3823 Boötes void [10]
G 1517+3949 Boötes void [11] Starburst galaxy
G 1517+3956A & G 1517+3956B Boötes void [11] Interacting galaxy pair
IRAS 15195+5050 Boötes void [10] AGN X-ray source
Markarian 845 Boötes void [10] Seyfert 1 (X-ray source)
CG 547 Boötes void [10] Emission-line Galaxy
CG 637 Boötes void [10] Emission-line Galaxy
CG 922 Boötes void [10] Emission-line Galaxy
MCG+01-02-015 [1][12][13][14] LEDA 1852 (Pisces)
Pisces A Local Void [15]
Pisces B Local Void [15]
NGC 7077 Local Void [16]

References
  1. "The loneliest of galaxies". Hubble Space Telescope. 9 November 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
  2. arXiv, "The Cosmically Depressed: Life, Sociology and Identity of Voids", Rien van de Weygaert et al., 17 Dec 2009, arXiv:0912.3473v1, Bibcode:2009arXiv0912.3473V
  3. Astronomische Nachrichten, "On the emptiness of voids", Schmidt, K.-H.; Bohm, P.; Elsasser, H., 'vol. 318, no. 2', 02/1997, Bibcode:1997AN....318...81S
  4. Astronomy and Astrophysics, "Results of a search for faint galaxies in voids", Kuhn, B.; Hopp, U.; Elsaesser, H.;, 'v.318', 02/1997, Bibcode:1997A&A...318..405K
  5. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, "The Bridge Effect of Void Filaments", Daeseong Park, Jounghun Lee, 'Volume 400, Issue 2', 12/2009, arXiv:0905.4277v2, Bibcode:2009MNRAS.400.1105P, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15524.x
  6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; "Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA): fine filaments of galaxies detected within voids"; M. Alpaslan, A. S. G. Robotham, D. Obreschkow, S. Penny, S. Driver, P. Norberg, S. Brough, M. Brown, M. Cluver, B. Holwerda, A. M. Hopkins, E. van Kampen, L. S. Kelvin, M. A. Lara-Lopez, J. Liske, J. Loveday, S. Mahajan, K. Pimbblet; 9 March 2014, arXiv:1401.7331, Bibcode:2014arXiv1401.7331A, doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slu019
  7. "Studies of Selected Voids. Faint Galaxies in the Direction of the Void 0049+05", G.T. Petrov, L. Slavcheva-Mihova, V. Kopchev, 2007' '
  8. arXiv, "Cosmic Voids: structure, dynamics and galaxies", Rien van de Weygaert, Erwin Platen, 16 Dec 2009, arXiv:0912.2997, Bibcode:2009arXiv0912.2997V
  9. Dvorsky, George. "Behold the Boötes void, the spookiest place in the cosmos". io9. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  10. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, "Detection of X-Ray Emission from Galaxies inside the Bootes Void", Chulhee Kim, Th. Boller, Kajal K. Ghosh, Douglas A. Swartz, Brian D. Ramsey, 'Volume 546, Number 2', 10 January 2001, doi:10.1086/318868
  11. The Astronomical Journal, "Spectroscopy of Galaxies in the Bootes Void", Shawn Cruzen 1, Tara Wehr, Donna Weistrop, Ronald J. Angione, Charles Hoopes, 'Volume 123, Number 1', 2002 January, doi:10.1086/324739
  12. SIMBAD, MCG+01-02-015
  13. Sci-News, "NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope Focuses on Lonely Galaxy", 9 November 2015
  14. SpaceDaily, "Hubble Views a Lonely Galaxy", 18 November 2015
  15. "Hubble Sees Two Dwarf Galaxies in Pisces". Sci-News. 15 August 2016.
  16. Tully, Brent. "The Local Void" (PDF).

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