Votkinsk
Votkinsk (Russian: Во́ткинск; Udmurt: Вотка Кар, Votka Kar) is an industrial town in the Udmurt Republic, Russia. Population: 99,022 (2010 Census);[3] 99,441 (2002 Census);[9] 103,509 (1989 Census).[10]
Votkinsk
Воткинск | |
|---|---|
Town[1] | |
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Udmurt | Вотка Кар |
 Central Square in Votkinsk | |
.png.webp) Flag .png.webp) Coat of arms | |
Location of Votkinsk 
| |
  Votkinsk Location of Votkinsk  Votkinsk Votkinsk (Udmurt Republic) | |
| Coordinates: 57°03′N 54°00′E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Udmurtia[1] |
| Founded | 1759[2] |
| Town status since | 1935 |
| Government | |
| • Head | Vladimir Perevozchikov |
| Elevation | 108 m (354 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 99,022 |
| • Estimate (2018)[4] | 97,550 (−1.5%) |
| • Rank | 168th in 2010 |
| • Subordinated to | town of republic significance of Votkinsk[1] |
| • Capital of | town of republic significance of Votkinsk[1], Votkinsky District[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Votkinsk Urban Okrug[5] |
| • Capital of | Votkinsk Urban Okrug[5], Votkinsky Municipal District[6] |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (MSK+1  [7]) |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 427430-427459 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 34145 |
| OKTMO ID | 94710000001 |
| Website | votkinsk |
Geography
Climate
Votkinsk has a warm summer continental climate. (Koppen Dfb)
| Climate data for Votkinsk, Udmurt | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | −10.3 (13.5) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
8.5 (47.3) |
17.9 (64.2) |
22.6 (72.7) |
24.6 (76.3) |
21.7 (71.1) |
14.8 (58.6) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
7.2 (44.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −14.2 (6.4) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
3.9 (39.0) |
11.9 (53.4) |
16.6 (61.9) |
18.9 (66.0) |
16.3 (61.3) |
10.3 (50.5) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−5 (23) |
−10.9 (12.4) |
2.7 (36.8) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −18.0 (−0.4) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−10.1 (13.8) |
−.7 (30.7) |
5.9 (42.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
13.3 (55.9) |
10.9 (51.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
−.6 (30.9) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−14.3 (6.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 40 (1.6) |
27 (1.1) |
25 (1.0) |
33 (1.3) |
41 (1.6) |
62 (2.4) |
67 (2.6) |
65 (2.6) |
58 (2.3) |
56 (2.2) |
48 (1.9) |
41 (1.6) |
563 (22.2) |
| Source: https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/udmurt-republic/votkinsk-1201/#climate-table | |||||||||||||
History
It was established in April 1759,[2] initially as a center for metallurgical enterprises, and the economic focus on metal related industry remains. Town status was officially granted to it in 1935.
The city of Votkinsk was one of the residence centers of the Udmurt Jews, who spoke Udmurtish Yiddish.[11]
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Votkinsk serves as the administrative center of Votkinsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Votkinsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Votkinsk is incorporated as Votkinsk Urban Okrug.[5]
Economy
The Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology operates a machine plant in the town, the Votkinsk Machine Building Plant, which produces some of Russia's long-range ballistic missiles. Under the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) concluded between the United States and the Soviet Union, the missile production facility at Votkinsk was selected for long-term on-site monitoring by U.S. inspectors. The corresponding site for the Soviet Union in the United States was the Hercules missile production facility in Salt Lake City, Utah.
The town gives its name to the nearby Votkinsk Reservoir, filled in the 1960s following the construction of a dam for the Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station.
Sports
The bandy team Znamya-Udmurtiya[12] has played in the highest division, and nowadays play in the second highest, Russian Bandy Supreme League.
Notable people
The town is the birthplace of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, a Russian composer who spent the first eight years of his life here. Today, the house of his birth is home to the Tchaikovsky Museum.
Also the high jumper Rudolf Povarnitsyn was born in Votkinsk. His greatest achievement was a bronze medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics for the USSR. His personal best jump of 2.40 metres, set in Donetsk, was also the world record from August 11 to September 4, 1985, when Igor Paklin beat it by one centimetre. Rudolf's record is unique in that his personal best preceding his record setting competition was 2.26 m.[13]
International relations
Votkinsk has a sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International:
References
Notes
- Law #46-RZ
- Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 94. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- Law #68-RZ
- Law #63-RZ
- "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- Altyntsev A.V., "The Concept of Love in Ashkenazim of Udmurtia and Tatarstan", Nauka Udmurtii. 2013. № 4 (66), p. 131. (Алтынцев А.В., "Чувство любви в понимании евреев-ашкенази Удмуртии и Татарстана". Наука Удмуртии. 2013. №4. С. 131: Комментарии.) (in Russian)
- "Athletics – World Record progression". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved December 29, 2006.
Sources
- Государственный Совет Удмуртской Республики. Закон №46-РЗ от 19 октября 2006 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Удмуртской Республики», в ред. Закона №60-РЗ от 12 октября 2012 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Удмуртской Республики». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Известия Удмуртской Республики", №185, 12 декабря 2006 г. (State Council of the Udmurt Republic. Law #46-RZ of October 19, 2006 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Udmurt Republic, as amended by the Law #60-RZ of October 12, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of the Udmurt Republic. Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
- Государственный Совет Удмуртской Республики. Закон №68-РЗ от 23 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границы муниципального образования и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования на территории города Воткинска Удмуртской Республики». Вступил в силу с 1 января 2005 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства Удмуртской Республики", №5, 25 июля 2005 г. (State Council of the Udmurt Republic. Law #68-RZ of November 23, 2004 On Establishing the Border of the Municipal Formation and on Granting Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation on the Territory of the City of Votkinsk of the Udmurt Republic. Effective as of January 1, 2005.).
- Государственный Совет Удмуртской Республики. Закон №63-РЗ от 16 ноября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципальных образований на территории Воткинского района Удмуртской Республики», в ред. Закона №45-РЗ от 10 сентября 2007 г «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Удмуртской Республики». Вступил в силу с 1 января 2005 г.. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства Удмуртской Республики", №5, 25 июля 2005 г. (State Council of the Udmurt Republic. Law #63-RZ of November 16, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations and Granting the Status to the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Votkinsky District of the Udmurt Republic, as amended by the Law #45-RZ of September 10, 2007 On Amending Various Laws of the Udmurt Republic. Effective as of January 1, 2005.).
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