Yohanan

Yohanan, Yochanan and Johanan are various transliterations to the Latin alphabet of the Hebrew male given name יוֹחָנָן‎ (Yôḥānān), a shortened form of יְהוֹחָנָן‎ (Yəhôḥānān), meaning "YHWH is gracious".

The name is ancient, recorded as the name of Johanan, high priest of the Second Temple around 400 BCE. It became a very popular Christian given name in reference to either John the Apostle or John the Baptist.

Adaptations

The Hebrew name was adopted as Ἰωάννης (Iōánnēs) in Biblical Greek as the name of both John the Baptist and John the Apostle.

In the Latin Vulgate this was originally adopted as Iohannes (or Johannes – in Latin, J is the same letter as I). The presence of an h, not found in the Greek adaptation, shows awareness of the Hebrew origin. Later editions of the Vulgate, such as the Clementine Vulgate, have Ioannes, however.

The anglicized form John makes its appearance in Middle English, from the mid-12th century, as a direct adaptation from Medieval Latin Johannes, the Old French being Jean. The feminine form Joanna is also biblical, recorded in the form Ἰωάννα as the name of Joanna, wife of Chuza.[1]

The form Johanan, even closer to the Hebrew original than Latin Johannes, is customarily used in English-language translations of the Hebrew Bible (as opposed to John being used in English translations of the New Testament), in a tradition going back to Wycliffe's Bible, which uses Ioon when translating from the Greek (e.g. of John the Baptist in Mark 1:4), but Johannan when translating from the Hebrew (as in Jeremiah 40:8).

People of that name

In the Old Testament (c. 7th – 1st century BCE)

Johanan, son of King Josiah of Judah (7th century BCE)[2]
Johanan, son of Kareah, mentioned as a leader of the army who led the remnant of the population of the Kingdom of Judah to Egypt for safety[3] after the Babylonian dismantling of the kingdom in 586 BC and the subsequent assassination of Gedaliah, the Babylon-appointed Jewish governor.[4]
Johanan ben Joiada, a high priest mentioned in the Book of Nehemiah[5] who is fourth in the line of high priests after Joshua the High Priest, who returned from the Babylonian captivity with Zerubbabel
Johanan, Father of Mattathias
John Gaddi, oldest of the sons of Mattathias, and brother of Judas Maccabeus, one of the leaders of the revolt of the Maccabees in the 2nd century BC.
John Hyrcanus, Hasmonean (Maccabean) leader and Jewish high priest of the 2nd century BCE (born 164 BCE, reigned from 134 BCE until his death in 104 BCE).

Roman era (c. 1st century BC - 4th century AD)

John Hyrcanus II (1st century BCE), a member of the Hasmonean dynasty, High Priest, King, and ethnarch of Judea.
John the Baptist (late 1st century BC – c. AD 30), a Jewish itinerant preacher and later Christian saint.
John of Giscala, 1st century CE leader of the Jewish revolt against the Romans in the First Jewish-Roman War.
Jehohanan, a man put to death by crucifixion in the 1st century CE, whose ossuary was found in 1968 in northern East Jerusalem
John the Apostle, one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus and possible author of the Johannine works.
Other possible authors of the Johannine works: John the Evangelist, John of Patmos, John the Presbyter.

Rabbinic sages

Johanan ben Bag-Bag, one of the tannaim (rabbinic sages), who is mentioned several times in the Talmud.
Johanan ben Baroka, second and third generation Jewish Tanna sage (2nd century).
Johanan ben Torta, rabbi of the early 2nd century (third generation of tannaim).
Johanan HaSandlar (c. 200–c. 300), one of the tannaim, whose teachings are quoted in the core text of Rabbinical Judaism, the Mishnah
Johanan bar Nappaha (died c. 279), a rabbi in the early era of the Talmud, better known simply as "Rabbi Yohanan"
Johanan ben Nuri, one of the tannaim of the 1st and 2nd centuries, frequently cited in the Mishnah
Johanan ben Zakai (c. 30–90), one of the tannaim, widely regarded as one of the most important Jewish figures in the era of the Second Temple and a primary contributor to the Mishnah

Middle ages (4th century - 15th century)

Yohanan, ancestor of the Banu Qaynuqa.
Johanan Luria, fifteenth century talmudist.

Modern period

Yochanan Afek (born 1952), Israeli chess player
Yohanan Aharoni (1919–1976), Israeli archaeologist and historical geographer
Yohanan Alemanno (c. 1435–after 1504), Italian Jewish humanist philosopher and exegete
Yohanan Bader (1901–1994), Revisionist Zionist leader and Israeli politician
Yohanan Cohen (born 1917), Israeli former politician and diplomat
Yohanan Danino (born 1959), chief of the Israel Police
Yohanan Friedmann (born 1936), Israeli scholar of Islamic studies
Yohanan Levi (1901–1945), Hebrew linguist and historian
Yohanan Moyal (born 1965), Israeli Olympic gymnast
Yochanan Muffs (1932–2009), American–Jewish professor of the Bible and religion
Yohanan Petrovsky-Shtern (born 1962), historian, philologist and essayist
Yohanan Plesner (born 1972), Israeli politician
Yohanan Simon (born 1905), Israeli painter
Yochanan Sofer (born 1923–2016), Rebbe (leader) of the Erlau Hasidic dynasty
Yochanan Vollach (born 1945), Israeli former footballer and businessman
Yochanan Danoff (born 1987), American comedian and TV producer

References

Hanks, Patrick; Hardcastle, Kate; Hodges, Flavia (2006). A Dictionary of First Names. Oxford Paperback Reference (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-19-861060-1.
1 Chronicles 3:15
Jeremiah 42:8–22
2 Kings 25:23–26, Jeremiah 43:5–7
Nehemiah 12:22–23

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Hanks, Patrick; Hardcastle, Kate; Hodges, Flavia (2006). A Dictionary of First Names. Oxford Paperback Reference (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-19-861060-1.

[2] 1 Chronicles 3:15

[3] Jeremiah 42:8–22

[4] 2 Kings 25:23–26, Jeremiah 43:5–7

[5] Nehemiah 12:22–23