Óscar Domínguez

Óscar M. Domínguez (January 3, 1906 – December 31, 1957) was a Spanish surrealist painter.[1]

Óscar Domínguez
A bust of Óscar Domínguez in Tenerife
Born3 January 1906 
Died31 December 1957  (aged 51)
Paris 
OccupationPainter, sculptor, illustrator 
The house where Domínguez was born, in San Cristóbal de La Laguna

Biography

Born in San Cristóbal de La Laguna on the island of Tenerife, on the Canary Islands Spain, Domínguez spent his youth with his grandmother in Tacoronte and devoted himself to painting at a young age after suffering a serious illness which affected his growth and caused a progressive deformation of his facial bone frame and limbs.

He went to Paris at 21 where he first worked for his father in the central market of Les Halles, and spent his nights diving in cabarets. He then frequented some art schools, and visited galleries and museums.

He was rapidly attracted by avant-garde painters, notably Yves Tanguy and Pablo Picasso, whose influences were visible in his first works. At 25 he painted a self-portrait full of premonition as he showed himself with a deformed hand and with the veins of his arm cut. He chose to kill himself 27 years later by cutting his veins.

In 1933 Domínguez met André Breton, a theoretician of Surrealism, and Paul Éluard, known as the poet of this movement, and took part a year later in the Surrealist exhibition held in Copenhagen and those of London and Tenerife in 1936. Domínguez was also working in Paris at the Atelier 17.[2]

He popularized the Russian-invented technique of decalcomania as a Surrealist automatic technique in 1936, using gouache spread thinly on a sheet of paper or other surface (glass has been used), which is then pressed onto another surface such as a canvas. Automatism, invented by Andre Breton, was important for the Surrealists as a means of channeling their subconscious through art. Dominguez's style influenced many artists including Max Ernst, Hans Bellmer, Remedios Varo and Dutch poet and translator Gertrude Pape.[3]

His 1937 oil painting The Infernal Machine sold for 2 770 000 FF (US$404,375) on June 8, 2000 at Drouot-Montaigne in Paris.

His 1933 oil painting Roma's portrait sold for 902,500 GBP (US$1,469,270) on Feb. 4. 2014 at Christie's in London.[4]

In 1952 he started an affair with Marie-Laure de Noailles, who called him "putchie".[5]

Domínguez committed suicide December 31, 1957, by slitting his wrists in the bath. Marie-Laure arranged to have him interred in the Bischoffsheim family mausoleum in the Montparnasse cemetery

References
  1. "Óscar Domínguez – Oxford Reference".
  2. "Oscar Dominguez Biography". Annex Galleries Fine Prints. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
  3. Surrealist women : an international anthology. Rosemont, Penelope. (1st ed.). Austin: University of Texas Press. 1998. ISBN 029277088X. OCLC 37782914.CS1 maint: others (link)
  4. "Oscar Domínguez (1906–1958) , Retrato de Roma".
  5. James Lord, Picasso and Dora, a memoir, London, 1993


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