1696
1696 (MDCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1696th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 696th year of the 2nd millennium, the 96th year of the 17th century, and the 7th year of the 1690s decade. As of the start of 1696, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1696 by topic |
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| Arts and science |
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Works category |
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| Gregorian calendar | 1696 MDCXCVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2449 |
| Armenian calendar | 1145 ԹՎ ՌՃԽԵ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6446 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1617–1618 |
| Bengali calendar | 1103 |
| Berber calendar | 2646 |
| English Regnal year | 8 Will. 3 – 9 Will. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2240 |
| Burmese calendar | 1058 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7204–7205 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙亥年 (Wood Pig) 4392 or 4332 — to — 丙子年 (Fire Rat) 4393 or 4333 |
| Coptic calendar | 1412–1413 |
| Discordian calendar | 2862 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1688–1689 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5456–5457 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1752–1753 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1617–1618 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4796–4797 |
| Holocene calendar | 11696 |
| Igbo calendar | 696–697 |
| Iranian calendar | 1074–1075 |
| Islamic calendar | 1107–1108 |
| Japanese calendar | Genroku 9 (元禄９年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1619–1620 |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 10 days |
| Korean calendar | 4029 |
| Minguo calendar | 216 before ROC 民前216年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 228 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2238–2239 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴木猪年 (female Wood-Pig) 1822 or 1441 or 669 — to — 阳火鼠年 (male Fire-Rat) 1823 or 1442 or 670 |
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January 27: HMS Sovereign of the Seas accidentally burns.
Events
January–June
- January
- Great Recoinage of 1696: The Parliament of England passes the Recoinage Act.
- Colley Cibber's play Love's Last Shift is first performed in London.
- January 27 – In England, the ship HMS Royal Sovereign (formerly HMS Sovereign of the Seas, 1638) catches fire and burns at Chatham, after 57 years of service.
- January 29 (O.S.) – Peter the Great becomes sole tsar of Russia upon the death of his half-brother and co-ruler Tsar Ivan V.
- January 31 – In the Netherlands, undertakers revolt after funeral reforms in Amsterdam.
- February 15 – A Jacobite assassination plot against King William III of England is foiled.[1]
- March – A second Pueblo Revolt occurs in Santa Fe de Nuevo México.[2]
- March 7 – King William III of England departs from the Netherlands.
- April – Fire destroys the Gra Bet (Left Quarter) of Gondar, the capital of Ethiopia.
- April 23 – Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700): Russian begins the second of the Azov campaigns (1695–96).
- May 31 – John Salomonsz is elected chief of Sint Eustatius in the Caribbean Netherlands.
July–December
- July 18 – Azov campaign: The Russian fleet occupies Azov at the mouth of the river Don.
- July 29 – King Louis XIV of France and Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, sign the Treaty of Turin, ending Savoy's involvement in the Nine Years' War.
- August 13 – The Dutch state of Drenthe makes William III of Orange its Stadtholder.
- August 22 – Forces of the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire clash near Andros.
- November – Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville captures and destroys St. John's, Newfoundland.[3]
- November 21 – John Vanbrugh's play The Relapse, or Virtue in Danger is first performed in London.
- December 7 – Connecticut Route 108, one of Connecticut's oldest highways is laid-out to Trumbull.
- December 19 – Jean-François Regnard's verse comedy Le Joueur ("The Gamester") premieres in Paris.
- December 24 – The Inquisition burns a number of Marrano Jews in Évora, Portugal.
Date unknown
- The Great Famine of 1695–1697 wipes out almost a third of the population of Finland, while the Great Famine of Estonia (1695–97) takes out a fifth of the population of Estonia; and the "seven ill years" of famine in Scotland are ongoing.
- Polish replaces Ruthenian as an official language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
- Abington, Pennsylvania, is settled.
- William Penn offers an elaborate plan for intercolonial cooperation largely in trade, defense, and criminal matters.
- Edward Lloyd (coffeehouse owner) probably begins publication of Lloyd's News, a predecessor of Lloyd's List, in London.
Births
- January 5 – Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena, Italian architect, painter (d. 1757)
- March 5 – Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1770)
- March 27 – Antoine Court, French Huguenot minister (d. 1760)
- April 2 – Francesca Cuzzoni, Italian operatic soprano (d. 1778)
- June 11 – Francis Edward James Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (d. 1758)
- June 27 – William Pepperrell, English colonial soldier (d. 1759)
- July 14 – William Oldys, English antiquarian and bibliographer (d. 1761)
- July 24 – Benning Wentworth, colonial governor of New Hampshire (d. 1770)
- August 2 – Mahmud I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1754)
- August 12 – Maurice Greene, English composer (d. 1755)
- September 27 – Alphonsus Liguori, Italian founder of the Redemptorist Order (d. 1787)
- October 10 – Chen Hongmou, Chinese scholar and philosopher (d. 1771)
- October 13 – John Hervey, 2nd Baron Hervey, English statesman and writer (d. 1743)
- November 2 – Conrad Weiser, Pennsylvania's ambassador to the Iroquois Confederacy (d. 1760)
- December 22 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia as a colony (d. 1785)
- date unknown
- Christine Kirch, German astronomer (d. 1782)
- Carlo Zimech, Maltese priest and painter (d. 1766)[4]
Deaths
- January 11 – Charles Albanel, French missionary explorer in Canada (b. 1616)
- February – Ahom King Supaatphaa or Gadadhar Singha
- February 4 – Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton, English soldier (b. 1613)
- February 8 – Tsar Ivan V of Russia (b. 1666)
- February 19 – Giovanni Pietro Bellori, Italian art historian (b. 1613)
- March 14 – Jean Domat, French jurist (b. 1625)
- March 16 – Louis Laneau, French bishop active in the kingdom of Siam (b. 1637)
- March 17 – Élisabeth Marguerite d'Orléans, French noble (b. 1646)
- March 18 – Robert Charnock, English conspirator (b. c. 1663)
- March 25 – Henry Casimir II, Prince of Nassau-Dietz, Stadholder of Friesland and Groningen (b. 1657)
- April 17 – Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, French writer (b. 1626)
- April 27 – Simon Foucher, French polemicist (b. 1644)
- April 30 – Robert Plot, British naturalist (b. 1640)
- May 10 – Jean de La Bruyère, French writer (b. 1645)
- May 16 – Mariana of Austria, queen consort of Spain (b. 1634)
- May 26 – Countess Albertine Agnes of Nassau, Regent of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe (1664–1679) (b. 1634)
- May 28 – William Gregory, English politician and judge (b. 1625)
- May 30 – Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell, First Lord of the British Admiralty (b. 1638)
- May 31 – Heinrich Schwemmer, German music teacher and composer (b. 1621)
- June – Greta Duréel, Swedish noblewoman and bank fraud
- June 17 – John III Sobieski, King of Poland (b. 1629)
- June 24 – Philip Henry, English minister (b. 1631)
- July 11 – William Godolphin, English politician (b. 1635)
- August 2 – Robert Campbell of Glenlyon, Scottish military commander at the Massacre of Glencoe (b. 1630)
- September 4 – Celestino Sfondrati, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1644)
- September 9 – Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach, Electress of Saxony (b. 1662)
- September 13 – Caleb Banks, English politician (b. 1659)
- September 24 – Sir Ralph Verney, 1st Baronet, of Middle Claydon, English Baronet (b. 1613)
- November 26 – Gregório de Matos, Brazilian poet and lawyer (b. 1636)
- December 4 – Meishō, empress of Japan (b. 1624)
- December 8 – Charles Porter, English-born judge (b. 1631)
- December 12 – John Hampden (1653–1696), English politician (b. 1653)
- December 13 – Georg Matthäus Vischer, Austrian cartographer (b. 1628)
- December 29 – Miguel de Molinos, Spanish mystic (b. 1628)
- date unknown – Daibhidh Ó Duibhgheannáin (b. 1651)
References
- Moody, T. W.; et al., eds. (1989). A New History of Ireland. 8: A Chronology of Irish History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-821744-2.
- Manuel Espinosa, J. (1988). The Pueblo Indian Revolt of 1696 and the Franciscan Missions in New Mexico: Letters of the Missionaries and Related Documents. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 181. ISBN 978-0-8061-2365-3.
- Tucker, Spencer (2013). Almanac of American Military History. ABC-CLIO. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-59884-530-3.
- Schiavone, Michael J. (2009). Dictionary of Maltese Biographies Vol. II G-Z. Pietà: Pubblikazzjonijiet Indipendenza. p. 1711. ISBN 9789993291329.
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