1853 McElroy

1853 McElroy, provisional designation 1957 XE, is an asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 December 1957, by the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn, Indiana, United States, and named for American biochemist William D. McElroy.[2][12]

1853 McElroy
Discovery [1]
Discovered byIndiana University
(Indiana Asteroid Program)
Discovery siteGoethe Link Obs.
Discovery date15 December 1957
Designations
(1853) McElroy
Named after
William D. McElroy
(American biochemist)[2]
1957 XE · 1930 YP
1950 NX · 1950 OM
main-belt · (outer) [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc66.70 yr (24,364 days)
Aphelion3.2153 AU
Perihelion2.9115 AU
3.0634 AU
Eccentricity0.0496
5.36 yr (1,958 days)
106.92°
0° 11m 1.68s / day
Inclination15.759°
298.77°
89.936°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions17.47±0.64 km[4]
20.89 km (derived)[3]
21.09±0.67 km[5]
21.14±1.0 km[6]
23.807±0.154[7]
24.065±0.282 km[8]
8.016±0.005 h[9]
8.0229±0.0041 h (R)[10]
8.0262±0.0020 h (R)[10]
0.1937 (derived)[3]
0.197±0.032[7]
0.1986±0.0276[8]
0.2494±0.026[6]
0.261±0.018[5]
0.304±0.055[4]
X [11] · C [3]
10.5[5][6][8] · 10.70[4] · 10.766±0.003 (R)[10] · 10.8[1][3] · 10.91±0.26[11]

    Orbit and classification

    McElroy orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.9–3.2 AU once every 5 years and 4 months (1,958 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.05 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    It was first identified as 1930 YP at Lowell Observatory in 1930. However the observation remained unused and the body's observation arc begins with its official discovery in 1957.[12]

    Physical characteristics

    McElroy is characterized as a generic X-type and carbonaceous C-type asteroid by the Lightcurve Data Base and by PanSTARRS' photometric survey, respectively.[3][11]

    Rotation period

    Between 2004 and 2011, three rotational lightcurves of McElroy were obtained at Brian Warner's Palmer Divide Observatory and at the Palomar Transient Factory, respectively. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period between 8.016 and 8.026 hours with a brightness variation of 0.18–0.30 magnitude (U=3-/2/2).[9][10]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, McElroy measures between 17.47 and 24.07 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo of 0.197 to 0.304.[4][5][6][7][8]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.194 and a diameter of 20.89 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 10.8.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in honor of American biochemist William David McElroy (1917–1999), chairman of the biology department at Johns Hopkins University during the 1950s and 1960s, later director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) in the early 1970s and chancellor of the University of California at San Diego from until 1980.[2]

    During his tenure as director of NSF the U.S. government decided to fund the Very Large Array, now officially known as the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 August 1980 (M.P.C. 5450).[13]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1853 McElroy (1957 XE)" (2017-03-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 8 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1853) McElroy". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1853) McElroy. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 149. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1854. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1853) McElroy". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 13 December 2016.
    4. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
    5. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    6. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    7. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
    8. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    9. Warner, Brian D. (March 2005). "Lightcurve analysis for asteroids 242, 893, 921, 1373, 1853, 2120, 2448 3022, 6490, 6517, 7187, 7757, and 18108". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 32 (1): 4–7. Bibcode:2005MPBu...32....4W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
    10. Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
    11. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
    12. "1853 McElroy (1957 XE)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 13 December 2016.
    13. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 13 December 2016.

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