1999 in professional wrestling
1999 in professional wrestling describes the year's events in the world of professional wrestling.
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List of notable promotions
These promotions held notable shows in 1999.
Promotion Name | Abbreviation | Notes |
---|---|---|
All Japan Pro Wrestling | AJPW | |
Catch Wrestling Association | CWA | |
Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre | CMLL | |
Extreme Championship Wrestling | ECW | |
Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling | FMW | |
Heroes of Wrestling | HOW | |
International Wrestling Revolution Group | IWRG | |
Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide | AAA | The "AAA" abbreviation has been used since the mid-1990s and had previously stood for the promotion's original name Asistencia Asesoría y Administración. |
New Japan Pro-Wrestling | NJPW | |
World Championship Wrestling | WCW | |
World Wrestling Council | WWC | |
World Wrestling Federation | WWF | |
Calendar of notable shows
January
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
January 4 | NJPW | Wrestling World | Tokyo, Japan | |
January 5 | FMW | New Year Generation 1999: Day 1 | Tokyo, Japan | |
January 10 | ECW | Guilty as Charged | Kissimmee, Florida | |
January 16 | ECW | House Party | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | |
January 17 | WCW | Souled Out | Charleston, West Virginia | |
January 24 | WWF | Royal Rumble | Anaheim, California | [1] |
February
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
February 12 | ECW | Crossing the Line '99 | Queens, New York | |
February 14 | WWF | St. Valentine's Day Massacre: In Your House | Memphis, Tennessee | |
February 21 | WCW | SuperBrawl IX | Oakland, California | |
February 27 | FMW | Over the Top Super Fighting Spirit Part Two: Day 7 | Tokyo, Japan |
March
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
March 7 | AAA | Rey de Reyes | Naucalpan, Mexico | |
March 14 | WCW | Uncensored | Louisville, Kentucky | |
March 19 | CMLL | Homenaje a Dos Leyendas | Mexico City, Mexico | |
March 21 | ECW | Living Dangerously | Asbury Park, New Jersey | |
March 28 | WWF | WrestleMania XV | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | |
March 29 | FMW | Round Robin Tag League: Day 8 | Tokyo, Japan |
April
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
April 2 | CMLL | 43. Aniversario de Arena México | Mexico City, Mexico | |
April 3 | ECW | CyberSlam | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | |
April 11 | WCW | Spring Stampede | Tacoma, Washington | |
April 20 | FMW | Strongest Tag League: Day 1 | Tokyo, Japan | |
April 25 | WWF | Backlash: In Your House | Providence, Rhode Island |
May
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
May 2 | AJPW | Giant Baba Memorial Show | Tokyo, Japan | [2] |
May 5 | FMW | Strongest Tag League: Day 7 | Tokyo, Japan | |
May 9 | WCW | Slamboree | St. Louis, Missouri | |
May 15 | Various | Break the Barrier | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | |
May 16 | ECW | Hardcore Heaven | Poughkeepsie, New York | |
WWF | No Mercy (UK) | Manchester, England | ||
May 19 | N/A | Second Annual Brian Pillman Memorial Show | Cincinnati, Ohio | |
May 23 | WWF | Over the Edge | Kansas City, Missouri |
June
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
June 11 | AAA | Triplemanía VII | Madero, Mexico | |
June 11 | N/A | Fourth Annual Ilio DiPaolo Memorial Show | Buffalo, New York | |
June 13 | WCW | The Great American Bash | Baltimore, Maryland | |
June 15 | FMW | Making of a New Legend: Day 2 | Tokyo, Japan | |
June 26 | ECW | Hostile City Showdown | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | |
June 27 | WWF | King of the Ring | Greensboro, North Carolina | [3][4] |
July
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
July 11 | WCW | Bash at the Beach | Fort Lauderdale, Florida | [5] |
July 18 | CMLL | Ruleta de la Muerte | Mexico City, Mexico | |
July 18 | ECW | Heat Wave | Dayton, Ohio | |
July 25 | WWF | Fully Loaded | Buffalo, New York | |
July 30 | N/A | Curtis Comes Home | Rostraver, Pennsylvania | |
July 31 | FMW | Goodbye Hayabusa: Day 7 | Tokyo, Japan |
August
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
August 14 | WCW | Road Wild | Sturgis, South Dakota | [6] |
WWC | WWC 26th Aniversario | Caguas, Puerto Rico | ||
August 20 | FMW | Goodbye Hayabusa II: Haunted House | Tokyo, Japan | |
August 22 | WWF | SummerSlam | Minneapolis, Minnesota | |
August 23 | FMW | Goodbye Hayabusa II: Hayabusa Graduation Ceremony | Tokyo, Japan | |
August 25 | FMW | Goodbye Hayabusa II: Last Match | Sapporo, Japan | |
August 26 | ECW | The Last Show at the Madhouse | Queens, New York |
September
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
September 12 | WCW | Fall Brawl | Winston-Salem, North Carolina | |
September 17 | AAA | Verano de Escándalo | Mexico City, Mexico | |
September 19 | ECW | Anarchy Rulz | Villa Park, Illinois | |
September 24 | CMLL | CMLL 66th Anniversary Show | Mexico City, Mexico | |
September 24 | FMW | Making of a New Legend III: Day 6 | Tokyo, Japan | |
September 26 | WWF | Unforgiven | Charlotte, North Carolina |
October
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
October 2 | N/A | Fourth Annual Eddie Gilbert Memorial Show | Vineland, New Jersey | |
October 2 | WWF | Rebellion | National Indoor Arena | [7] |
October 10 | HOW | Heroes of Wrestling | Bay St. Louis, Mississippi | |
October 17 | WWF | No Mercy | Cleveland, Ohio | |
October 24 | WCW | Halloween Havoc | Paradise, Nevada | |
October 29 | FMW | Making of a New Legend IV: Day 7 | Tokyo, Japan |
November
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
November 7 | ECW | November to Remember | Buffalo, New York | |
November 14 | WWF | Survivor Series | Detroit, Michigan | |
November 21 | WCW | Mayhem | Toronto, Ontario, Canada | [8] |
November 23 | FMW | FMW 10th Anniversary Show | Yokohama, Japan |
December
Date | Promotion(s) | Event | Location | Main Event |
---|---|---|---|---|
December 4 | CWA | Euro Catch Festival | Bremen, Germany | |
December 10 | AAA | Guerra de Titanes | Convention Center | |
December 12 | FMW | Making of a New Legend VI: Day 5 | Tokyo, Japan | |
December 12 | WWF | Armageddon | Sunrise, Florida | |
December 19 | WCW | Starrcade | Washington, D.C. | [9] |
IWRG | Arena Naucalpan 22nd Anniversary Show | Naucalpan, State of Mexico | [10] |
Notable events
- January 4 – Fingerpoke of Doom
- April 29 – WWE SmackDown debuted on UPN
- May 23 – Death of Owen Hart
- August 27 – ECW on TNN debuted
- August 28 - WWE Jakked/Metal debuted on Broadcast syndication replacing WWE Shotgun Saturday Night
- September 10 – Eric Bischoff was fired from World Championship Wrestling (WCW)
- October 3 – Vince Russo and Ed Ferrera became writers for WCW
Accomplishments and tournaments
AAA
Tournaments | Winner | Date won | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Rey de Reyes | Cibernético | March 7 |
WCW
Accomplishment | Winner | Date won | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
WCW United States Championship Tournament | Scott Steiner | April 11 | |
WCW World Heavyweight Championship Tournament | Bret Hart | November 21 |
WWF
Accomplishment | Winner | Date won | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Royal Rumble | Mr. McMahon | January 24 | |
King of the Ring | Billy Gunn | June 27 |
Awards and honors
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame
Inductee |
---|
Lioness Asuka |
Jushin Thunder Liger |
Keiji Mutoh |
Jim Ross |
Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
Title changes
ECW
ECW World Heavyweight Championship | ||||
Incoming champion – Shane Douglas | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
January 10 | Taz | Guilty as Charged | ||
September 19 | Mike Awesome | Anarchy Rulz | This was a three way dance also involving Masato Tanaka | |
December 17 | Masato Tanaka | ECW on TNN | ||
December 23 | Mike Awesome | ECW on TNN |
Incoming champion – Sabu | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
March 21 | Taz | Living Dangerously | ||
March 21 | Retired | Living Dangerously | ||
Incoming champion – Rob Van Dam | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No title changes |
Incoming champions – Sabu and Rob Van Dam | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
April 17 | The Dudley Boyz (Buh Buh Ray and D-Von Dudley) |
Hardcore TV #313 | ||
July 18 | Spike Dudley and Balls Mahoney | Heat Wave | ||
August 13 | The Dudley Boyz (Buh Buh Ray and D-Von Dudley) |
Hardcore TV #330 | ||
August 14 | Spike Dudley and Balls Mahoney | Hardcore TV #330 | ||
August 26 | The Dudley Boyz (Buh Buh Ray and D-Von Dudley) |
ECW on TNN | ||
August 26 | Tommy Dreamer and Raven | ECW on TNN | ||
FMW
FMW Brass Knuckles Heavyweight Championship | ||||
Incoming champion – Kodo Fuyuki | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
May 18 | Yukihiro Kanemura | FMW | ||
August 23 | Hayabusa | FMW | ||
August 25 | Retired | Goodbye Hayabusa II: Last Match |
FMW Brass Knuckles Tag Team Championship | ||||
Incoming champions – Hayabusa and Daisuke Ikeda | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
January | Vacant | N/A | ||
May 3 | Masato Tanaka and Tetsuhiro Kuroda | Strongest Tag League Tour | ||
June 13 | Team No Respect (Koji Nakagawa and Gedo) |
Making of a New Legend Tour |
FMW Independent World Junior Heavyweight Championship | ||||
Incoming champion – Kodo Fuyuki | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
May 18 | Masato Tanaka | Goodbye Hayabusa II: Haunted House | ||
August 25 | Retired | N/A | ||
FMW Hardcore Championship | ||||
(Title created) | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
September 24 | Kintaro Kanemura | Making of a New Legend III tour |
NJPW
Incoming champion – Scott Norton | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
January 4 | Keiji Mutoh | Wrestling World 1999 | ||
December 10 | Genichiro Tenryu | Battle Final 1999 |
Incoming champions – Genichiro Tenryu and Shiro Koshinaka | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
January 4 | Tencozy (Hiroyoshi Tenzan and Satoshi Kojima) |
Wrestling World 1999 | ||
March 22 | Cho-Ten (Kensuke Sasaki and Shiro Koshinaka) |
Hyper Battle 1999 | ||
June 27 | The Mad Dogs (Michiyoshi Ohara and Tatsutoshi Goto) |
Summer Struggle 1999 | ||
August 28 | Manabu Nakanishi and Yuji Nagata | Jingu Climax |
Incoming champion – Jushin Thunder Liger | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
March 17 | Koji Kanemoto | Live event | ||
August 28 | Kendo Kashin | Live event | ||
October 11 | Jushin Thunder Liger | Final Dome | ||
November 29 | Juventud Guerrera | Nitro | ||
December 6 | Jushin Thunder Liger | Nitro |
Incoming champions – Shinjiro Otani and Tatsuhito Takaiwa | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
January 4 | Dr. Wagner, Jr. and Kendo Kashin | Wrestling World 1999 | ||
April 10 | The Great Sasuke and Jushin Thunder Liger | Strong Style Symphony | ||
July 13 | Shinjiro Otani and Tatsuhito Takaiwa | Summer Struggle 1999 |
WCW
Incoming champion – Kevin Nash | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
January 4 | Hollywood Hulk Hogan | Nitro | This was The Fingerpoke of Doom. | |
March 14 | Ric Flair | Uncensored | This was a First Blood barbed wire steel cage match. | |
April 11 | Diamond Dallas Page | Spring Stampede | This was a four corners match, also involving Sting and Hollywood Hulk Hogan. Randy Savage was the special guest referee. | |
April 26 | Sting | Nitro | WWE.com mistakenly lists Sting's reign as lasting from April 26, 1999 to April 29, 1999, despite this and the following match's descriptions stating that this reign began and ended on the same night. | |
April 26 | Diamond Dallas Page | Nitro | This was a four corners match, also involving Kevin Nash and Goldberg.
WWE recognizes DDP's reign as lasting 14 days. | |
May 9 | Kevin Nash | Slamboree | ||
July 11 | Randy Savage | Bash at the Beach | This was a tag team match with Savage and Sid Vicious facing Kevin Nash and Sting where if someone pinned Nash or made him submit, that person would become champion. Savage pinned Nash to win the title. | |
July 12 | Hollywood Hulk Hogan | Nitro | Hollywood Hogan reverted to his Hulkamania character midway through this reign. | |
September 12 | Sting | Fall Brawl | ||
October 25 | Vacated | Nitro | Sting was stripped of the title after losing an unsanctioned match against Goldberg and attacked referee Charles Robinson at Halloween Havoc. | |
November 21 | Bret Hart | Mayhem | Defeated Chris Benoit in a tournament final for the vacant title. | |
December 20 | Vacated | Nitro | Bret Hart vacated the title due to the controversial end to a match with Goldberg at Starrcade. | |
December 20 | Bret Hart | Nitro | Defeated Goldberg in a rematch for the vacant title. |
WCW Cruiserweight Championship | ||||
Incoming champion – Billy Kidman | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
March 15 | Rey Misterio, Jr. | Nitro | ||
April 19 | Psychosis | Nitro | This was a four-way match also involving Juventud Guerrera and Blitzkrieg | |
April 26 | Rey Misterio, Jr. | Nitro | ||
August 19 | Lenny Lane | Thunder | ||
October 4 | Vacant | Nitro | ||
October 4 | Psychosis | Nitro | ||
October 4 | Disco Inferno | Nitro | ||
November 21 | Evan Karagias | Mayhem | ||
December 19 | Madusa | Starrcade | Became the first female Cruiserweight champion | |
Incoming champion – Bret Hart | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
February 8 | Roddy Piper | Nitro | ||
February 21 | Scott Hall | SuperBrawl IX | ||
March 18 | Vacant | Thunder | Scott Hall was stripped of the title by WCW President Ric Flair | |
April 11 | Scott Steiner | Spring Stampede | ||
July 5 | Vacant | Nitro | Scott Steiner was stripped of the title by WCW President Ric Flair | |
July 5 | David Flair | Nitro | ||
August 9 | Chris Benoit | Nitro | ||
September 12 | Sid Vicious | Fall Brawl | ||
October 24 | Goldberg | Halloween Havoc | ||
October 25 | Bret Hart | Nitro | ||
November 8 | Scott Hall | Nitro | ||
December 19 | Chris Benoit | Starrcade | ||
December 20 | Jeff Jarrett | Nitro | ||
(Title created) | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
November 21 | Norman Smiley | Mayhem | Defeated Brian Knobs in a tournament final to become inaugural champion | |
Incoming champion – Scott Steiner | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
March 14 | Booker T | Uncensored | ||
May 9 | Rick Steiner | Slamboree | ||
September 13 | Chris Benoit | Nitro | ||
October 24 | Rick Steiner | Halloween Havoc | ||
November 21 | Scott Hall | Mayhem | ||
November 29 | Vacant | Nitro | Vacated after Scott Hall threw the belt in a trash can | |
WWF
Incoming champion – Mankind | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
January 24 | The Rock | Royal Rumble | This was an "I Quit" match, which The Rock won by knocking Mankind unconscious while someone backstage played an audio recording of Mankind saying "I quit" while The Rock placed the microphone against his face.
WWE recognizes The Rock's regin as lasting 7 days, ending on January 31, 1999, when the following match aired on tape delay. | |
January 26 | Mankind | Halftime Heat | This was an Empty Arena match that aired on tape delay as a special during halftime of Super Bowl XXXIII on January 31, 1999.
WWE recognizes Mankind's reign as lasting 15 days, beginning on January 31. | |
February 15 | The Rock | Raw Is War | This was a ladder match. | |
March 28 | Stone Cold Steve Austin | WrestleMania XV | This was a no disqualification match with Mankind as the special guest referee. | |
May 23 | The Undertaker | Over the Edge | Both Vince McMahon and Shane McMahon were special guest referees. | |
June 28 | Stone Cold Steve Austin | Raw Is War | ||
August 22 | Mankind | SummerSlam | This was a triple threat match also involving Triple H. Jesse Ventura was the guest referee. | |
August 23 | Triple H | Raw Is War | Shane McMahon was the guest referee.
WWE recognizes Triple H's reign as lasting 24 days, ending on September 16, 1999, when the following episode aired on tape delay. | |
September 14 | Vince McMahon | SmackDown! | Shane McMahon was the guest referee.
WWE recognizes Vince's reign as lasting 4 days, beginning on September 16, 1999, when the episode aired on tape delay. | |
September 20 | Vacated | Raw Is War | Vince McMahon vacated the title. | |
September 26 | Triple H | Unforgiven | This was a six-pack challenge match also involving The Rock, Mankind, Big Show, The British Bulldog and Kane. Stone Cold Steve Austin was the special outside enforcer. | |
November 14 | Big Show | Survivor Series | This was a triple threat match, also involving The Rock. |
Incoming champion – Ken Shamrock | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
February 14 | Val Venis | St. Valentine's Day Massacre: In Your House | Billy Gunn was the special guest referee | |
March 15 | Road Dogg | Raw Is War | ||
March 29 | Goldust | Raw Is War | ||
April 12 | The Godfather | Raw Is War | ||
May 25 | Jeff Jarrett | Raw Is War | Aired on tape delay on May 31. | |
July 24 | Edge | House show | ||
July 25 | Jeff Jarrett | Fully Loaded | ||
July 27 | D'Lo Brown | Raw Is War | Aired on tape delay on August 2. | |
August 22 | Jeff Jarrett | SummerSlam | ||
October 17 | Chyna | No Mercy | ||
December 12 | Chris Jericho | Armageddon | ||
Incoming champion – Gillberg | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No title changes |
Incoming champion – Sable | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
May 10 | Debra | Raw Is War | ||
June 8 | Ivory | Raw Is War | Aired on tape delay on June 14. | |
October 17 | The Fabulous Moolah | No Mercy | ||
October 25 | Ivory | Raw Is War | ||
December 12 | The Kat | Armageddon | This was a fatal four-way evening gown pool match, also involving Jacqueline and B.B. | |
Incoming champion – X-Pac | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
February 15 | Shane McMahon | Raw Is War | ||
March 30 | Deactivated | Sunday Night Heat | Aired on tape delay on April 4. | |
June 21 | Mideon | Raw Is War | ||
July 25 | D'Lo Brown | Fully Loaded | ||
August 22 | Jeff Jarrett | SummerSlam | ||
August 23 | Mark Henry | Raw Is War | ||
September 26 | D'Lo Brown | Unforgiven | ||
October 26 | The British Bulldog | SmackDown! | Aired on tape delay on October 28. | |
December 12 | Val Venis | Armageddon | This was a Triple Threat match also involving D'Lo Brown. | |
Incoming champion – Road Dogg | ||||
Date | Winner | Event/Show | Note(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
February 14 | Vacant | St. Valentine's Day Massacre: In Your House | ||
February 14 | Bob Holly | St. Valentine's Day Massacre: In Your House | ||
March 15 | Billy Gunn | Raw Is War | ||
March 28 | Hardcore Holly | WrestleMania XV | This was a triple threat hardcore match also involving Al Snow | |
April 25 | Al Snow | Backlash: In Your House | ||
July 25 | Big Boss Man | Fully Loaded | ||
August 22 | Al Snow | SummerSlam | ||
August 24 | Big Boss Man | SmackDown! | Aired on tape delay on August 26. | |
September 7 | The British Bulldog | SmackDown! | Aired on tape delay on September 9. | |
September 7 | Al Snow | SmackDown! | The British Bulldog awarded the title to Al Snow Aired on tape delay on September 9. | |
October 12 | Big Boss Man | SmackDown! | This was a triple threat match also involving Big Show Aired on tape delay on October 14. | |
Retirements
- Gorilla Monsoon (1959–1999)
- Marianna Komlos (1999)
- Kenny Kaos (1995–1999)
- Hercules (1979–1999)
- Jim Brunzell (1972–1999)
- Johnny Rodz (1964–1999)
- Steve McMichael (1995–1999)
- Takashi Ishikawa (November 8, 1977–January 1999)
- Wayne Bloom (1988–1999)
- Yuji Yasuraoka (January 5, 1992 – June 20, 1999)
Deaths
- January 31 – Giant Baba, 61
- February 23 – The Renegade, 33
- March 13 – Kurt Von Hess, 56
- April 9 – Emiko Kado, 23
- April 20 – Rick Rude, 40
- May 1 – Jos LeDuc, 54
- May 23 – Owen Hart, 34
- August 7 – Jonathan Boyd, 54
- August 9 – Jackie Sato, 41
- September 8 – Brian Hildebrand, 37
- October 6 – Gorilla Monsoon, 62
- November 13 – Tony Rumble, 43
- November 27 – Hiro Matsuda, 62
See also
- List of WCW pay-per-view events
- List of WWF pay-per-view events
- List of FMW supercards and pay-per-view events
- List of ECW supercards and pay-per-view events
References
- "1999 Royal Rumble results". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
- https://www.cagematch.net/?id=1&nr=9794
- "King of the Ring 1999". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
- "Historical Cards: King of the Ring (June 27, 1999. Greensboro, North Carolina)". PWI Presents: 2007 Wrestling Almanak and book of facts. Kappa Publications. p. 151. 2007 Edition.
- "Bash at the Beach 1999". Pro Wrestling History. July 11, 1999. Retrieved September 1, 2015.
- "Road Wild 1999". Pro Wrestling History. August 14, 1999. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
- Cawthon, Graham (2013). the History of Professional Wrestling Vol 2: WWF 1990 - 1999. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ASIN B00RWUNSRS.
- "Mayhem". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved 2009-08-09.
- Furious, Arnold (2007-04-14). "The Furious Flashbacks – WCW Starrcade '99". 411mania. Retrieved 2008-06-14.
- "1999 Especial!". Box y Lucha Magazine (in Spanish). January 10, 2000. pp. 2–28. issue 2436.
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