2006 Primera División of Chile

The 2006 Primera División de Chile season was both 79th and 80th season of top-flight football in Chile.

Torneo Apertura
Main article: 2006 Torneo Apertura (Chile)
Torneo Apertura
Season2006
ChampionsColo-Colo
24th title
2007 Copa LibertadoresColo-Colo
Copa SudamericanaColo-Colo
Huachipato
Matches played187
Goals scored571 (3.05 per match)
Top goalscorerHumberto Suazo
(19 goals)
Biggest home winColo-Colo 7–2 Rangers
(2 April)
Biggest away winPalestino 1–5 Puerto Montt
(31 March)
Longest winning run8 matches
Colo-Colo
Longest unbeaten run9 matches
Universidad de Chile
Longest winless run9 matches
Santiago Morning
Longest losing run4 matches
Santiago Morning
Highest attendance61,000
Colo-Colo 0–1 Universidad de Chile

The 2006 Torneo Apertura was the first tournament in the 2006 season of the Chilean Primera División. The tournament also was known as Copa Banco Estado for sponsorship reasons.

The defending champions is Universidad Católica that won their 9th Primera División title the last season, after defeat Universidad de Chile in the playoffs finals.

Group standings
Group A
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Universidad de Concepción 18 9 6 3 31 23 +8 33 Qualify to the playoffs
2 Audax Italiano 18 9 5 4 32 22 +10 32
3 Universidad Católica 18 9 5 4 27 20 +7 32 Qualify to the repechaje
4 Cobresal 18 6 4 8 26 32 −6 22
5 Santiago Wanderers 18 5 2 11 16 30 −14 17
Source:

{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL

|section=Aggregate table |res_col_header=Q |name_COL=Colo-Colo |name_HUA=Huachipato |name_UCH=Universidad de Chile |name_UCO=Universidad de Concepción |name_AUD=Audax Italiano |name_UCA=Universidad Católica |name_CLA=Cobreloa |name_UES=Unión Española |name_SER=Deportes La Serena |name_CSL=Cobresal |name_OHI=O'Higgins |name_EVE=[[Everton de Viña del Man]united] |name_ANT=Deportes Antofagasta |name_PMO=Deportes Puerto Montt |name_COQ=Coquimbo Unido |name_SAW=Santiago Wanderers |name_PAL=Palestino |name_RAN=Rangers |name_SAM=Santiago Morning |draw_COL=1|loss_COL=4|gf_COL=54|ga_COL=22 |draw_HUA=3|loss_HUA=4|gf_HUA=32|ga_HUA=19 |draw_UCH=5|loss_UCH=3|gf_UCH=27|ga_UCH=20 |draw_UCO=6|loss_UCO=3|gf_UCO=31|ga_UCO=23 |draw_AUD=5|loss_AUD=4|gf_AUD=32|ga_AUD=22 |draw_UCA=5|loss_UCA=4|gf_UCA=27|ga_UCA=20 |draw_CLA=3|loss_CLA=6|gf_CLA=32|ga_CLA=24 |draw_UES=4|loss_UES=6|gf_UES=24|ga_UES=2 |draw_SER=7|loss_SER=6|gf_SER=32|ga_SER=31 |draw_CSL=4|loss_CSL=8|gf_CSL=26|ga_CSL=32 |draw_OHI=6|loss_OHI=7|gf_OHI=26|ga_OHI=31 |draw_EVE=6|loss_EVE=7|gf_EVE=20|ga_EVE=27 |draw_ANT=6|loss_ANT=7|gf_ANT=26|ga_ANT=31 |draw_PMO=5|loss_PMO=9|gf_PMO=33|ga_PMO=32 |draw_COQ=8|loss_COQ=7|gf_COQ=16|ga_COQ=26 |draw_SAW=2|loss_SAW=11|gf_SAW=16|ga_SAW=30 |draw_PAL=4|loss_PAL=10|gf_PAL=22|ga_PAL=35 |draw_RAN=4|loss_RAN=10|gf_RAN=26|ga_RAN=40 |draw_SAM=6|loss_SAM=10|gf_SAM=15|ga_SAM=31 |text_CSFS=Copa Sudamericana First Stage |result1=CSFS |text_CSPS=Copa Sudamericana Preliminary Stage |result2=CSPS |source= }}

Group B
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Universidad de Chile 18 10 5 3 27 20 +7 35 Qualify to the playoffs
2 La Serena 18 5 7 6 32 31 +1 22 Qualify to the repechaje
3 Everton 18 5 6 7 20 27 −7 21
4 Coquimbo Unido 18 3 8 7 16 26 −10 17
5 Santiago Morning 18 2 6 10 15 31 −16 12
Source:

{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL

|section=Aggregate table |res_col_header=Q |name_COL=Colo-Colo |name_HUA=Huachipato |name_UCH=Universidad de Chile |name_UCO=Universidad de Concepción |name_AUD=Audax Italiano |name_UCA=Universidad Católica |name_CLA=Cobreloa |name_UES=Unión Española |name_SER=Deportes La Serena |name_CSL=Cobresal |name_OHI=O'Higgins |name_EVE=[[Everton de Viña del Man]united] |name_ANT=Deportes Antofagasta |name_PMO=Deportes Puerto Montt |name_COQ=Coquimbo Unido |name_SAW=Santiago Wanderers |name_PAL=Palestino |name_RAN=Rangers |name_SAM=Santiago Morning |draw_COL=1|loss_COL=4|gf_COL=54|ga_COL=22 |draw_HUA=3|loss_HUA=4|gf_HUA=32|ga_HUA=19 |draw_UCH=5|loss_UCH=3|gf_UCH=27|ga_UCH=20 |draw_UCO=6|loss_UCO=3|gf_UCO=31|ga_UCO=23 |draw_AUD=5|loss_AUD=4|gf_AUD=32|ga_AUD=22 |draw_UCA=5|loss_UCA=4|gf_UCA=27|ga_UCA=20 |draw_CLA=3|loss_CLA=6|gf_CLA=32|ga_CLA=24 |draw_UES=4|loss_UES=6|gf_UES=24|ga_UES=2 |draw_SER=7|loss_SER=6|gf_SER=32|ga_SER=31 |draw_CSL=4|loss_CSL=8|gf_CSL=26|ga_CSL=32 |draw_OHI=6|loss_OHI=7|gf_OHI=26|ga_OHI=31 |draw_EVE=6|loss_EVE=7|gf_EVE=20|ga_EVE=27 |draw_ANT=6|loss_ANT=7|gf_ANT=26|ga_ANT=31 |draw_PMO=5|loss_PMO=9|gf_PMO=33|ga_PMO=32 |draw_COQ=8|loss_COQ=7|gf_COQ=16|ga_COQ=26 |draw_SAW=2|loss_SAW=11|gf_SAW=16|ga_SAW=30 |draw_PAL=4|loss_PAL=10|gf_PAL=22|ga_PAL=35 |draw_RAN=4|loss_RAN=10|gf_RAN=26|ga_RAN=40 |draw_SAM=6|loss_SAM=10|gf_SAM=15|ga_SAM=31 |text_CSFS=Copa Sudamericana First Stage |result1=CSFS |text_CSPS=Copa Sudamericana Preliminary Stage |result2=CSPS |source= }}

Group C
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Colo-Colo 18 13 1 4 54 22 +32 40 Qualify to the playoffs
2 Cobreloa 18 9 3 6 32 24 +8 30
3 Unión Española 18 8 4 6 24 2 +22 28 Qualify to the repechaje
4 Deportes Antofagasta 18 5 6 7 26 31 −5 21
5 Deportes Puerto Montt 18 4 5 9 33 32 +1 17
Source:

{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL

|section=Aggregate table |res_col_header=Q |name_COL=Colo-Colo |name_HUA=Huachipato |name_UCH=Universidad de Chile |name_UCO=Universidad de Concepción |name_AUD=Audax Italiano |name_UCA=Universidad Católica |name_CLA=Cobreloa |name_UES=Unión Española |name_SER=Deportes La Serena |name_CSL=Cobresal |name_OHI=O'Higgins |name_EVE=[[Everton de Viña del Man]united] |name_ANT=Deportes Antofagasta |name_PMO=Deportes Puerto Montt |name_COQ=Coquimbo Unido |name_SAW=Santiago Wanderers |name_PAL=Palestino |name_RAN=Rangers |name_SAM=Santiago Morning |draw_COL=1|loss_COL=4|gf_COL=54|ga_COL=22 |draw_HUA=3|loss_HUA=4|gf_HUA=32|ga_HUA=19 |draw_UCH=5|loss_UCH=3|gf_UCH=27|ga_UCH=20 |draw_UCO=6|loss_UCO=3|gf_UCO=31|ga_UCO=23 |draw_AUD=5|loss_AUD=4|gf_AUD=32|ga_AUD=22 |draw_UCA=5|loss_UCA=4|gf_UCA=27|ga_UCA=20 |draw_CLA=3|loss_CLA=6|gf_CLA=32|ga_CLA=24 |draw_UES=4|loss_UES=6|gf_UES=24|ga_UES=2 |draw_SER=7|loss_SER=6|gf_SER=32|ga_SER=31 |draw_CSL=4|loss_CSL=8|gf_CSL=26|ga_CSL=32 |draw_OHI=6|loss_OHI=7|gf_OHI=26|ga_OHI=31 |draw_EVE=6|loss_EVE=7|gf_EVE=20|ga_EVE=27 |draw_ANT=6|loss_ANT=7|gf_ANT=26|ga_ANT=31 |draw_PMO=5|loss_PMO=9|gf_PMO=33|ga_PMO=32 |draw_COQ=8|loss_COQ=7|gf_COQ=16|ga_COQ=26 |draw_SAW=2|loss_SAW=11|gf_SAW=16|ga_SAW=30 |draw_PAL=4|loss_PAL=10|gf_PAL=22|ga_PAL=35 |draw_RAN=4|loss_RAN=10|gf_RAN=26|ga_RAN=40 |draw_SAM=6|loss_SAM=10|gf_SAM=15|ga_SAM=31 |text_CSFS=Copa Sudamericana First Stage |result1=CSFS |text_CSPS=Copa Sudamericana Preliminary Stage |result2=CSPS |source= }}

Group D
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Huachipato 18 11 3 4 32 19 +13 36 Qualify to the playoffs
2 O'Higgins 18 5 6 7 26 31 −5 21 Qualify to the repechaje
3 Palestino 18 4 4 10 22 35 −13 16
4 Rangers 18 4 4 10 26 40 −14 16
Source:

{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL

|section=Aggregate table |res_col_header=Q |name_COL=Colo-Colo |name_HUA=Huachipato |name_UCH=Universidad de Chile |name_UCO=Universidad de Concepción |name_AUD=Audax Italiano |name_UCA=Universidad Católica |name_CLA=Cobreloa |name_UES=Unión Española |name_SER=Deportes La Serena |name_CSL=Cobresal |name_OHI=O'Higgins |name_EVE=[[Everton de Viña del Man]united] |name_ANT=Deportes Antofagasta |name_PMO=Deportes Puerto Montt |name_COQ=Coquimbo Unido |name_SAW=Santiago Wanderers |name_PAL=Palestino |name_RAN=Rangers |name_SAM=Santiago Morning |draw_COL=1|loss_COL=4|gf_COL=54|ga_COL=22 |draw_HUA=3|loss_HUA=4|gf_HUA=32|ga_HUA=19 |draw_UCH=5|loss_UCH=3|gf_UCH=27|ga_UCH=20 |draw_UCO=6|loss_UCO=3|gf_UCO=31|ga_UCO=23 |draw_AUD=5|loss_AUD=4|gf_AUD=32|ga_AUD=22 |draw_UCA=5|loss_UCA=4|gf_UCA=27|ga_UCA=20 |draw_CLA=3|loss_CLA=6|gf_CLA=32|ga_CLA=24 |draw_UES=4|loss_UES=6|gf_UES=24|ga_UES=2 |draw_SER=7|loss_SER=6|gf_SER=32|ga_SER=31 |draw_CSL=4|loss_CSL=8|gf_CSL=26|ga_CSL=32 |draw_OHI=6|loss_OHI=7|gf_OHI=26|ga_OHI=31 |draw_EVE=6|loss_EVE=7|gf_EVE=20|ga_EVE=27 |draw_ANT=6|loss_ANT=7|gf_ANT=26|ga_ANT=31 |draw_PMO=5|loss_PMO=9|gf_PMO=33|ga_PMO=32 |draw_COQ=8|loss_COQ=7|gf_COQ=16|ga_COQ=26 |draw_SAW=2|loss_SAW=11|gf_SAW=16|ga_SAW=30 |draw_PAL=4|loss_PAL=10|gf_PAL=22|ga_PAL=35 |draw_RAN=4|loss_RAN=10|gf_RAN=26|ga_RAN=40 |draw_SAM=6|loss_SAM=10|gf_SAM=15|ga_SAM=31 |text_CSFS=Copa Sudamericana First Stage |result1=CSFS |text_CSPS=Copa Sudamericana Preliminary Stage |result2=CSPS |source= }}

Repechaje
Match Home Visitor Result
1 Unión Española (a) Deportes La Serena 2–2
2 Universidad Católica (a) O'Higgins 1–1

Aggregate table

{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL |section=Aggregate table |res_col_header=Q |name_COL=Colo-Colo |name_HUA=Huachipato |name_UCH=Universidad de Chile |name_UCO=Universidad de Concepción |name_AUD=Audax Italiano |name_UCA=Universidad Católica |name_CLA=Cobreloa |name_UES=Unión Española |name_SER=Deportes La Serena |name_CSL=Cobresal |name_OHI=O'Higgins |name_EVE=[[Everton de Viña del Man]united] |name_ANT=Deportes Antofagasta |name_PMO=Deportes Puerto Montt |name_COQ=Coquimbo Unido |name_SAW=Santiago Wanderers |name_PAL=Palestino |name_RAN=Rangers |name_SAM=Santiago Morning |draw_COL=1|loss_COL=4|gf_COL=54|ga_COL=22 |draw_HUA=3|loss_HUA=4|gf_HUA=32|ga_HUA=19 |draw_UCH=5|loss_UCH=3|gf_UCH=27|ga_UCH=20 |draw_UCO=6|loss_UCO=3|gf_UCO=31|ga_UCO=23 |draw_AUD=5|loss_AUD=4|gf_AUD=32|ga_AUD=22 |draw_UCA=5|loss_UCA=4|gf_UCA=27|ga_UCA=20 |draw_CLA=3|loss_CLA=6|gf_CLA=32|ga_CLA=24 |draw_UES=4|loss_UES=6|gf_UES=24|ga_UES=2 |draw_SER=7|loss_SER=6|gf_SER=32|ga_SER=31 |draw_CSL=4|loss_CSL=8|gf_CSL=26|ga_CSL=32 |draw_OHI=6|loss_OHI=7|gf_OHI=26|ga_OHI=31 |draw_EVE=6|loss_EVE=7|gf_EVE=20|ga_EVE=27 |draw_ANT=6|loss_ANT=7|gf_ANT=26|ga_ANT=31 |draw_PMO=5|loss_PMO=9|gf_PMO=33|ga_PMO=32 |draw_COQ=8|loss_COQ=7|gf_COQ=16|ga_COQ=26 |draw_SAW=2|loss_SAW=11|gf_SAW=16|ga_SAW=30 |draw_PAL=4|loss_PAL=10|gf_PAL=22|ga_PAL=35 |draw_RAN=4|loss_RAN=10|gf_RAN=26|ga_RAN=40 |draw_SAM=6|loss_SAM=10|gf_SAM=15|ga_SAM=31 |text_CSFS=Copa Sudamericana First Stage |result1=CSFS |text_CSPS=Copa Sudamericana Preliminary Stage |result2=CSPS |source= }}

Playoffs
  Quarterfinals Semifinals Finals
                                         
2 Huachipato 1 4 5  
7 Cobreloa 3 0 3  
  2 Huachipato 1 2 3  
  3 Universidad de Chile 6 2 8  
3 Universidad de Chile 2 3 5
5 Universidad Católica 2 1 3  
  3 Universidad de Chile 1 1 2 (2)
  1 Colo-Colo 2 0 2 (4)
4 U. de Concepción 2 2 4  
5 Audax Italiano 1 0 1  
  4 U. de Concepción 3 0 3
  1 Colo-Colo 4 2 6  
1 Colo-Colo 4 5 9
8 Unión Española 0 0 0  


 2006 Apertura winners 
Colo-Colo
24th title

Top goalscorers
Rank Player Club Goals
1 Humberto Suazo Colo-Colo 19
2 Matías Fernández Colo-Colo 14
3 Juan Quiroga Cobresal 13
Leonardo Monje Deportes Puerto Montt
4 Rodrigo Millar Huachipato 12
Héctor Mancilla Colo-Colo
5 Herly Alcázar Universidad de Chile 11
6 José Luis Díaz Cobreloa 10
Carlos Villanueva Audax Italiano

Torneo Clausura
Main article: 2006 Torneo Clausura (Chile)
Torneo Clausura
Season2006
ChampionsColo-Colo
25th title
2007 Copa LibertadoresColo-Colo
Audax Italiano
Cobreloa
Matches played187
Goals scored547 (2.93 per match)
Top goalscorerLeonardo Monje
(17 goals)
Biggest home winAudax Italiano 5–3 Cobreloa
(10 September)
Universidad Católica 5–1 Audax Italiano
(17 September)
Audax Italiano 5–0 Cobresal
(23 September)
Universidad de Concepción 5–1 Everton
(19 November)
Biggest away winLa Serena 3–6 Cobreloa
(6 August)
Unión Española 2–6 Universidad de Chile
(1 November)
Highest attendance65,000
Colo-Colo 3–2 Audax Italiano
(23 December)

The 2006 Torneo Clausura was the season's second tournament. Colo-Colo was the defending champion after beating its rivals Universidad de Chile in the Torneo Apertura final.[1]

Group standings
Group A
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Cobreloa 18 11 4 3 40 24 +16 37 Qualify to the playoffs
2 Colo-Colo 18 8 5 5 37 31 +6 29
3 Santiago Wanderers 18 8 4 6 22 21 +1 28 Qualify to the repechaje
4 Palestino 18 5 5 8 16 25 −9 20
5 Cobresal 18 5 3 10 20 28 −8 18
Source:
Group B
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 O'Higgins 18 10 5 3 31 20 +11 35 Qualify to the playoffs
2 Coquimbo Unido 18 8 5 5 23 22 +1 29
3 Rangers 18 6 6 6 22 24 −2 24
4 Huachipato 18 5 6 7 29 32 −3 21
5 Unión Española 18 3 5 10 20 34 −14 14
Source:
Group C
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Deportes Puerto Montt 18 10 3 5 26 21 +5 33 Qualify to the playoffs
2 Audax Italiano 18 9 2 7 24 18 +6 29
3 Universidad de Concepción 18 7 4 7 34 30 +4 25
4 Deportes La Serena 18 4 6 8 32 39 −7 18
5 Santiago Morning 18 4 5 9 22 32 −10 17
Source:
Group D
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Universidad Católica 18 9 4 5 32 22 +10 31 Qualify to the playoffs
2 Universidad de Chile 18 7 2 9 24 25 −1 23 Qualify to the repechaje
3 Deportes Antofagasta 18 5 6 7 25 25 0 21
4 Everton 18 5 6 7 23 27 −4 21
Source:

Aggregate table
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 Cobreloa 18 11 4 3 40 24 +16 37 Playoffs
2 O'Higgins 18 10 5 3 31 20 +11 35
3 Deportes Puerto Montt 18 10 3 5 26 21 +5 33
4 Universidad Católica 18 9 4 5 32 22 +10 31
5 Audax Italiano 18 9 2 7 24 18 +6 29
6 Colo-Colo 18 8 5 5 37 31 +6 29
7 Coquimbo Unido 18 8 5 5 23 22 +1 29
8 Santiago Wanderers 18 8 4 6 22 21 +1 28 Repechaje
9 Universidad de Concepción 18 7 4 7 34 30 +4 25
10 Rangers 18 6 6 6 22 24 −2 24
11 Universidad de Chile 18 7 2 9 24 25 −1 23 Repechaje
12 Deportes Antofagasta 18 5 6 7 25 25 0 21
13 Everton 18 5 6 7 23 27 −4 21
14 Huachipato 18 5 6 7 29 32 −3 21
15 Palestino 18 5 5 8 16 25 −9 20
16 La Serena 18 4 6 8 32 39 −7 18
17 Cobresal 18 5 3 10 20 28 −8 18
18 Santiago Morning 18 4 5 9 22 32 −10 17
19 Unión Española 18 3 5 10 20 34 −14 14
Source:

Repechaje
Match Home Visitor Result
1 Santiago Wanderers Universidad de Chile 0–1

Playoffs
  Quarterfinals Semifinals Finals
                                         
1 Cobreloa 0 3 3  
11 Universidad de Chile 1 1 2  
  1 Cobreloa 3 0 3  
  6 Colo-Colo 3 3 6  
3 Deportes Puerto Montt 0 0 0
6 Colo-Colo 1 4 5  
  6 Colo-Colo 3 3 6
  4 Audax Italiano 0 2 2
5 Universidad Católica 0 0 0  
4 Audax Italiano 1 3 4  
  5 Audax Italiano 4 2 6
  2 O'Higgins 1 4 5  
2 O'Higgins 0 2 2
7 Coquimbo Unido 0 1 1  


 2006 Clausura winners 
Colo-Colo
25th title

Relegation table
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification or relegation
1 Colo-Colo 36 21 6 9 91 53 +38 69
2 Cobreloa 36 20 7 9 72 48 +24 67
3 Universidad Católica 36 18 9 9 51 38 +13 63
4 Audax Italiano 36 18 7 11 64 46 +18 61
5 Universidad de Concepción 36 16 10 10 65 53 +12 58
6 Universidad de Chile 36 17 7 12 51 45 +6 58
7 Huachipato 36 17 5 14 61 51 +10 56
8 O'Higgins 36 15 11 10 51 45 +6 56
9 Deportes Puerto Montt 36 14 8 14 59 53 +6 50
10 Coquimbo Unido 36 11 13 12 39 48 −9 46
11 Santiago Wanderers 36 13 6 17 38 51 −13 45
12 Deportes Antofagasta 36 10 12 14 51 56 −5 42
13 Unión Española 36 11 9 16 44 55 −11 42
14 Everton 36 10 12 14 43 54 −11 42
15 Deportes La Serena 36 9 13 14 64 70 −6 40
16 Cobresal 36 11 7 18 48 60 −12 40
17 Rangers 36 10 10 16 48 64 −16 40 Promotion Playoffs
18 Palestino 36 9 9 18 38 60 −22 36
19 Santiago Morning 36 6 11 19 37 63 −26 29 Relegation to Primera B
Source:

Promotion playoffs

Lota Schwager reached its promotion to Primera División after beating Rangers in the 2nd leg match’s penalty shoot-out at Coronel.[2] Whilst Palestino remained in the top level after beating Arturo Fernández Vial 3–1 in Concepción and 1–0 in La Cisterna, Santiago.[3]

Match Home Visitor First leg Second leg Agg Result
1 Rangers Lota Schwager 2–1 1–2
(3–4 p)		 3–3
2 Fernández Vial Palestino 1–3 0–1 1–4

Top goalscorers
Rank Player Club Goals
1 Leonardo Monje Universidad de Concepción 17
2 Humberto Suazo Colo-Colo 15
Matías Fernández Colo-Colo
3 Lucas Barrios Cobreloa 12
Carlos Villanueva Audax Italiano
4 José Luis Díaz Cobreloa 11
Giancarlo Maldonado O'Higgins
Manuel Neira Unión Española
6 Renato Ramos Deportes Antofagasta 10
2 Matías Urbano Deportes La Serena 9
Rodrigo Mannara Cobreloa

References
  1. "Colo Colo grita "eterno campeón" tras vencer a la U". Emol. 2 July 2006. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
  2. "Lota Schwager es de Primera". La Nación. 9 November 2006. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
  3. "Palestino ganó a Vial y se queda en la Primera A". Emol. 3 December 2006. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
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