2010 KZ39

2010 KZ39 is a trans-Neptunian object orbiting the Sun as a detached object in the outer reaches of the Solar System. It is likely a dwarf planet as it measures approximately 600 kilometers in diameter.[10][11][7] The object was first observed on 21 May 2010 by astronomers Andrzej Udalski, Scott Sheppard, M. Szymanski and Chad Trujillo at the Las Campañas Observatory in Chile.[1][3]

2010 KZ39
Discovery [1][2][3]
Discovered by
Discovery siteLas Campañas Obs.
(first observed)
Discovery date21 May 2010
(first observed)
Designations
2010 KZ39
Orbital characteristics [4][5]
Epoch 16 February 2017 (JD 2457800.5)
Uncertainty parameter 5
Observation arc1.83 yr (669 days)
Aphelion47.825 AU
Perihelion42.965 AU
45.395 AU
Eccentricity0.0535
305.86 yr (111,714 days)
256.31°
0° 0m 11.52s / day
Inclination26.032°
53.118°
≈ 6 May 2110[6]
±5 months
313.91°
Physical characteristics
0.10 (assumed)[7]
20.7[8]

    Description
    Follow-up images of 2010 KZ39 taken at Las Campañas Obs.

    2010 KZ39 orbits the Sun at a distance of 42.9–47.8 AU once every 305 years and 3 months (111,504 days), similar to Makemake, Chaos and other bodies that circle the Sun in 6:11 resonance to Neptune. Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.05 and an inclination of 26° with respect to the ecliptic.

    Using the best-fit values for its orbit, it is expected to come to perihelion in 2109.[4] It has been observed 28 times over 3 oppositions and has an uncertainty parameter of 5.[1] As of 2016, is 46.1 AU from the Sun.[8] The body's spectral type as well as its rotation period remain unknown.

    Brown assumes an albedo of 0.09 and magnitude of 4.5, resulting in an estimated diameter of 574 kilometers.[11] However, because the albedo is unknown and it a currently estimated absolute magnitude of 4.03±0.01,[9] its diameter could easily fall between 414 and 933 km[12] for an assumed albedo between 0.25 and 0.05, respectively.

    References
    1. "(2010 KZ39)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
    2. "MPEC 2010-L38 : 2010 KZ39". IAU Minor Planet Center. 8 June 2010. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
    3. All four named discoverers are uncredited in sources.
    4. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: (2010 KZ39)" (2012-03-20 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
    5. Marc W. Buie. "Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 10KZ39" (last observation: 2012-03-20 using 28 of 28 observations over 1.83 years). SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved 18 August 2011.
    6. JPL Horizons Observer Location: @sun (Perihelion occurs when deldot changes from negative to positive. Uncertainty in time of perihelion is 3-sigma.)
    7. "LCDB Data for 2010 KZ39". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 April 2017.
    8. "AstDyS: 2010 KZ39 Ephemerides". AstDyS. Retrieved 7 April 2014.
    9. Benecchi, Susan D.; Sheppard, Scott S. (May 2013). "Light Curves of 32 Large Transneptunian Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 145 (5): 19. arXiv:1301.5791. Bibcode:2013AJ....145..124B. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/145/5/124. S2CID 54183985. Retrieved 3 April 2017.
    10. "Absolute Magnitude (H)". NASA/JPL. Retrieved 19 July 2011.
    11. Michael E. Brown. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? (updates daily)". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
    12. Dan Bruton. "Conversion of Absolute Magnitude to Diameter for Minor Planets". Department of Physics & Astronomy (Stephen F. Austin State University). Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
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