66th Academy Awards

The nominees for the 66th Academy Awards were announced on February 9, 1994, at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California, by Academy president Arthur Hiller, and actress Christine Lahti.[7] Schindler's List led all nominees with twelve nominations; The Piano and The Remains of the Day tied for second with eight.[8][9]

The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on March 21, 1994. Best Director nominee Jane Campion was the second woman to be nominated in that category.[10] Holly Hunter and Emma Thompson's nominations in both lead and supporting acting categories marked the first and so far only occurrence that two performers earned double acting nominations in the same year.[11] Best Supporting Actress winner Anna Paquin, at age 11, became the second youngest winner of a competitive acting Oscar, behind Tatum O'Neal, who won at age 10 for Paper Moon.[12]

Awards

Steven Spielberg, Best Director winner and Best Picture co-winner

Gerald R. Molen, Best Picture co-winner

Branko Lustig, Best Picture co-winner

Tom Hanks, Best Actor winner

Holly Hunter, Best Actress winner

Tommy Lee Jones, Best Supporting Actor winner

Anna Paquin, Best Supporting Actress winner

Jane Campion, Best Original Screenplay winner

Nick Park, Best Animated Short Film winner

John Williams, Best Original Score winner

Bruce Springsteen, Best Original Song winner

Allan Starski, Best Art Direction co-winner

Janusz Kamiński, Best Cinematography winner

Dennis Muren, Best Visual Effects co-winner

Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double-dagger ().[13]

Best Picture Schindler's List – Steven Spielberg, Gerald R. Molen, and Branko Lustig, producers The Fugitive – Arnold Kopelson, producer In the Name of the Father – Jim Sheridan, producer The Piano – Jan Chapman, producer The Remains of the Day – John Calley, Mike Nichols, and Ismail Merchant, producers	Best Director Steven Spielberg – Schindler's List Jim Sheridan – In the Name of the Father Jane Campion – The Piano James Ivory – The Remains of the Day Robert Altman – Short Cuts
Best Actor Tom Hanks – Philadelphia as Andrew Beckett Daniel Day-Lewis – In the Name of the Father as Gerry Conlon Laurence Fishburne – What's Love Got to Do with It as Ike Turner Anthony Hopkins – The Remains of the Day as James Stevens Liam Neeson – Schindler's List as Oskar Schindler	Best Actress Holly Hunter – The Piano as Ada McGrath Angela Bassett – What's Love Got to Do with It as Tina Turner Stockard Channing – Six Degrees of Separation as Ouisa Kittredge Emma Thompson – The Remains of the Day as Sarah "Sally" Kenton Debra Winger – Shadowlands as Joy Davidman
Best Supporting Actor Tommy Lee Jones – The Fugitive as U.S. Marshal Samuel Gerard Leonardo DiCaprio – What's Eating Gilbert Grape as Arnie Grape Ralph Fiennes – Schindler's List as Amon Goeth John Malkovich – In the Line of Fire as Mitch Leary Pete Postlethwaite – In the Name of the Father as Giuseppe Conlon	Best Supporting Actress Anna Paquin – The Piano as Flora McGrath Holly Hunter – The Firm as Tamara "Tammy" Hemphill Rosie Perez – Fearless as Carla Rodrigo Winona Ryder – The Age of Innocence as May Welland Emma Thompson – In the Name of the Father as Gareth Peirce
Best Screenplay Written Directly for the Screen The Piano – Jane Campion Dave – Gary Ross In the Line of Fire – Jeff Maguire Philadelphia – Ron Nyswaner Sleepless in Seattle – Nora Ephron, David S. Ward, and Jeff Arch	Best Screenplay Based on Material Previously Produced or Published Schindler's List – Steven Zaillian based on the non-fiction book by Thomas Keneally The Age of Innocence – Martin Scorsese and Jay Cocks based on the novel by Edith Wharton In the Name of the Father – Jim Sheridan and Terry George based on the autobiographical book Proved Innocent by Gerry Conlon The Remains of the Day – Ruth Prawer Jhabvala based on the novel by Kazuo Ishiguro Shadowlands – William Nicholson based on his play
Best Foreign Language Film Belle Époque (Spain) in Spanish – Fernando Trueba, director Farewell My Concubine (Hong Kong) in Mandarin Chinese – Chen Kaige, director Hedd Wyn (United Kingdom) in Welsh  – Paul Turner, director The Scent of Green Papaya (Vietnam) in Vietnamese  – Anh Hung Tran, director The Wedding Banquet (Taiwan) in Mandarin Chinese – Ang Lee, director	Best Documentary Feature I Am a Promise: The Children of Stanton Elementary School – Susan Raymond and Alan Raymond The Broadcast Tapes of Dr. Peter – David Paperny and Arthur Ginsberg Children of Fate: Life and Death in a Sicilian Family – Susan Todd and Andrew Young For Better or for Worse – David Collier and Betsy Thompson The War Room – D. A. Pennebaker and Chris Hegedus
Best Documentary Short Subject Defending Our Lives – Margaret Lazarus and Renner Wunderlich Blood Ties: The Life and Work of Sally Mann – Steven Cantor and Peter Spirer Chicks in White Satin – Elaine Holliman and Jason Schneider	Best Live Action Short Film Schwarzfahrer – Pepe Danquart Down on the Waterfront – Stacy Title and Jonathan Penner The Dutch Master – Susan Seidelman and Jonathan Brett Partners – Peter Weller and Jana Sue Memel The Screw (La Vis) – Didier Flamand
Best Animated Short Film The Wrong Trousers – Nick Park Blindscape – Stephen Palmer The Mighty River – Frédéric Back and Hubert Tison Small Talk – Bob Godfrey and Kevin Baldwin The Village – Mark Baker	Best Original Score Schindler's List – John Williams The Age of Innocence – Elmer Bernstein The Firm – Dave Grusin The Fugitive – James Newton Howard The Remains of the Day – Richard Robbins
Best Original Song "Streets of Philadelphia" from Philadelphia – Music and Lyrics by Bruce Springsteen "Again" from Poetic Justice – Music and Lyrics by Janet Jackson and Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis "The Day I Fall in Love" from Beethoven's 2nd – Music and Lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager, James Ingram, and Clif Magness "Philadelphia" from Philadelphia – Music and Lyrics by Neil Young "A Wink and a Smile" from Sleepless in Seattle – Music by Marc Shaiman; Lyrics by Ramsey McLean	Best Sound Jurassic Park – Gary Summers, Gary Rydstrom, Shawn Murphy, and Ron Judkins Cliffhanger – Michael Minkler, Bob Beemer, and Tim Cooney The Fugitive – Donald O. Mitchell, Michael Herbick, Frank A. Montaño, and Scott D. Smith Geronimo: An American Legend – Chris Carpenter, Doug Hemphill, Bill W. Benton, and Lee Orloff Schindler's List – Andy Nelson, Steve Pederson, Scott Millan, and Ron Judkins
Best Sound Effects Editing Jurassic Park – Gary Rydstrom and Richard Hymns Cliffhanger – Wylie Stateman and Gregg Baxter The Fugitive – John Leveque and Bruce Stambler	Best Art Direction Schindler's List – Art Direction: Allan Starski; Set Decoration: Ewa Braun Addams Family Values – Art Direction: Ken Adam; Set Decoration: Marvin March The Age of Innocence – Art Direction: Dante Ferretti; Set Decoration: Robert J. Franco Orlando – Art Direction: Ben Van Os and Jan Roelfs The Remains of the Day – Art Direction: Luciana Arrighi; Set Decoration: Ian Whittaker
Best Makeup Mrs. Doubtfire – Greg Cannom, Ve Neill, and Yolanda Toussieng Philadelphia – Carl Fullerton and Alan D'Angerio Schindler's List – Christina Smith, Matthew W. Mungle, and Judith A. Cory	Best Costume Design The Age of Innocence – Gabriella Pescucci Orlando – Sandy Powell The Piano – Janet Patterson The Remains of the Day – Jenny Beavan and John Bright Schindler's List – Anna B. Sheppard
Best Cinematography Schindler's List – Janusz Kamiński Farewell My Concubine – Gu Changwei The Fugitive – Michael Chapman The Piano – Stuart Dryburgh Searching for Bobby Fischer – Conrad Hall	Best Film Editing Schindler's List – Michael Kahn The Fugitive – Dennis Virkler, David Finfer, Dean Goodhill, Don Brochu, Richard Nord, and Dov Hoenig In the Name of the Father – Gerry Hambling In the Line of Fire – Anne V. Coates The Piano – Veronika Jenet
Best Visual Effects Jurassic Park – Dennis Muren, Stan Winston, Phil Tippett, and Michael Lantieri Cliffhanger – Neil Krepela, John Richardson, John Bruno, and Pamela Easley The Nightmare Before Christmas – Pete Kozachik, Eric Leighton, Ariel Velasco Shaw, and Gordon Baker

The following individuals, listed in order of appearance, presented awards or performed musical numbers:[16][17]

Whoopi Goldberg hosted the 66th Academy Awards.

Due to the negative reception received from the preceding year's ceremony, actor Billy Crystal announced that after overseeing four consecutive Oscar ceremonies, he would not be hosting the 1994 telecast.[19] In a statement released by his publicist, he stated, "After three Grammys, four Oscars and six Comic Reliefs, I'm going to take a break from my hosting duties. I always felt honored to host the show and did my best to carry on the tradition of Bob Hope and Johnny Carson. I hope the new host has as good a time as I did."[20] With Crystal absent to host the Oscars, many media outlets wondered whom producer Gil Cates would hire to emcee the program. Film columnist Jack Matthews suggested that actor Tom Hanks, who would eventually win Best Actor for Philadelphia, should host the show writing that he "has charm, dignity, wit, intelligence and, it's worth mentioning, he's a movie star!"[21] Cates also offered the role to performers Steve Martin, Bette Midler, and Johnny Carson, but they all turned down the opportunity.[21]

After several days of speculation, Cates announced that he hired Oscar-winning actress and comedian Whoopi Goldberg to host the festivities for the first time.[22] By virtue of her selection, Goldberg became both the first African American to host as well as the first woman to host the telecast solo.[23] In an interview with the Los Angeles Times, Cates explained the decision to hire her saying, "She is a highly recognizable star who has millions of fans."[24] He also addressed the media's concerns regarding Goldberg's raunchy and outspoken humor stating, "Some people may think she's potentially dangerous, and she says things that come to her mind. It's going to be exciting for me. The main thing is she wants to do it and she's smart. Whatever she says will be appropriate."[25] Goldberg expressed that she was thrilled to be selected to emcee the 1994 ceremony commenting, "To go from watching to winning to hosting in one lifetime is major."[26]

As with previous ceremonies he produced, Cates centered the show around a theme. This year, he christened the show with the theme "People Behind the Camera" commenting that "It will be a salute to those unseen men and women who make what we see on the screen, the artist and craftspeople responsible for the magic of the movies."[27] In tandem with the theme, the ceremony's opening number featured a montage produced by Chuck Workman saluting the many individuals such as directors, editors, and composers who are involved in moviemaking. During that segment, singer Bernadette Peters performing a modified version of Stephen Sondheim's song "Putting It Together" from his musical Sunday in the Park with George.[28] Filmmaker and editor Carol A. Streit assembled another montage featuring a salute to the work of cinematographers and their contributions to film.[29]

Several other people and elements were also involved with the production of the ceremony. Production designer Roy Christopher designed a new stage for the ceremony which prominently featured five giant Oscar statues each flanked inside metal cones that were illuminated recurrently throughout the show.[30] Film composer and musician Bill Conti served as musical director of the ceremony.[31] Dancer Debbie Allen choreographed a dancer number showcasing the Best Original Score nominees featuring eight prestigious ballet and dance troupes from around the world.[18]

The annual In Memoriam tribute was presented by actress Glenn Close. The montage featured an excerpt of the main title of Terms of Endearment composed by Michael Gore.[46]

• 14th Golden Raspberry Awards
• 36th Grammy Awards
• 46th Primetime Emmy Awards
• 47th British Academy Film Awards
• 48th Tony Awards
• 51st Golden Globe Awards
• List of submissions to the 66th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film

Official websites

• Academy Awards Official website
• The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Official website
• Oscar's Channel at YouTube (run by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences)

Analysis

• 1993 Academy Awards Winners and History Filmsite
• Academy Awards, USA: 1994 Internet Movie Database

Other resources

• The 66th Annual Academy Awards at IMDb